Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) Assignment

Using Fairclough’s Model

Paragraph 1 Analysis
Level Feature Explanation

Micro-level Lexical Choice: Words like These terms indicate the

'shaping,' 'validation,' and transformative power of
'affirmation' emphasize social media over public
influence and manipulation. opinion and personal
Modality: Declarative tone, beliefs.
e.g., 'It is undeniable' Establishes the authority
conveys certainty. and credibility of the
Sentence Structure: argument regarding media’s
Compound and complex influence.
sentences. Provides depth and logical
Cohesion: Use of examples flow, connecting ideas of
like hashtags and emojis. affirmation, symbols, and
Coherence: The focus is on perception.
how social media shapes Connects abstract concepts
perceptions and reinforces (perception) to tangible
beliefs. examples for better
understanding.
The paragraph is logically
structured to explain social
media’s cyclical influence
on public opinion.

Macro-level Social Practices: Social Reflects the hegemonic

media platforms reinforce influence of technology
ideological biases by companies in shaping
creating echo chambers. societal discourse and
individual beliefs.

Paragraph 2 Analysis
Level Feature Explanation

Micro-level Lexical Choice: Words like Highlights how media

'demonize,' 'humanize,' and manipulates language to
'editorial stance' reveal frame narratives in favor of
ideological intent. or against particular groups.
Modality: Neutral tone but Allows the reader to
 analytical, e.g., 'This subtle interpret the implications of
choice of words is a media framing without
reflection.' overt bias from the author.
Sentence Structure: Shows how specific phrases
Complex sentences explain shape societal
the relationship between understanding and
word choice and audience attitudes.
perception. Highlights how media
Cohesion: Contrasts like framing uses contrasting
'riots' vs. 'civil unrest' make terms to reflect or distort
connections clear. reality.
Coherence: The paragraph Maintains clarity by
systematically links media focusing on the interplay
language to ideological between media and public
framing and audience understanding.
interpretation.

Macro-level Social Practices: Media Reflects the power

outlets perpetuate dynamics in which media
ideological biases and shapes public opinion
influence societal through selective language
perceptions of events. and framing techniques.

Paragraph 3 Analysis
Level Feature Explanation

Micro-level Lexical Choice: Words like Emphasizes the systemic

'hegemonic,' 'norms,' reinforcement of societal
'unattainable,' and ideals through
'consumerism.' advertisements.
Modality: Critical tone, e.g., Challenges the advertising
'This perpetuates a cycle of industry's role in creating
consumerism.' unattainable beauty
Sentence Structure: standards.
Compound sentences link Creates logical connections
beauty standards, between corporate
consumerism, and societal influence and individual
impact. behaviors.
Cohesion: Smooth Clearly ties the corporate
transitions between causes promotion of beauty norms
(advertising practices) and to societal pressures.
effects (consumerism). Maintains logical structure
Coherence: The focus by explaining corporate
 remains on how advertising influence and its societal
shapes social practices and consequences.
individual identities.

Macro-level Social Practices: Reflects the hegemonic

Corporations dictate power of corporations in
societal norms to benefit perpetuating inequality and
from consumerism. marginalizing alternative
representations.

Paragraph 4 Analysis
Level Feature Explanation

Micro-level Lexical Choice: Words like Demonstrates the

'political hegemony,' intertwining of media and
'dominance,' and 'national politics in shaping public
pride.' opinion and maintaining
Modality: Analytical tone, control.
e.g., 'Media often acts as a Critiques media’s alignment
tool for the state.' with political elites and
Sentence Structure: Active power structures.
sentences highlight political Directly attributes
strategies and media’s role. responsibility to politicians
Cohesion: Examples like and media for influencing
'catchphrases' and 'securing public narratives.
our future' connect abstract Strengthens the argument
ideas with real-world by providing relatable
scenarios. examples of political
Coherence: The paragraph discourse.
focuses on the media’s role Maintains logical flow by
in political discourse. focusing on political and
media strategies.

Macro-level Social Practices: Examines Highlights how media

media’s role in maintaining legitimizes political
political control and authority through carefully
manipulating public crafted narratives.
opinion. Reflects the broader socio-
political context of media as
a tool for ideological
dominance.