Trigonometric Ratios and Identities
Trigonometric Ratios and Identities
450-1350 600-1200 S A
900-2700 00-3600
T C
𝑺𝒊𝒏 0 1 1 √3 1 √3 1 1 0 −1
2 √2 2 2 √2 2
𝑪𝒐𝒔 1 √3 1 1 0 −1 −1 −√3 −1 0
2 √2 2 2 √2 2
𝑻𝒂𝒏 0 1 1 √3 ∞ −√3 −1 −1 0 ∞
√3 √3
𝑪𝒐𝒕 ∞ √3 1 1 0 −1 −1 −√3 ∞ 0
√3 √3
𝑺𝒆𝒄 1 2 √2 2 ∞ −2 −√2 −2 −1 ∞
√3 √3
𝑪𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄 ∞ 2 √2 2 1 2 √2 2 ∞ −1
√3 √3
𝑆𝑖𝑛(𝐴 − 𝐵) = 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝐴 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝐵 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝐴 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝐵 𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝐴 − 𝐵) = 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝐴 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝐵 + 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝐴 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝐵
𝐶+𝐷 𝐷−𝐶
𝐒 + 𝐒 = 𝟐𝐒𝐂 𝐂 + 𝐂 = 𝟐𝐂𝐂 = 2𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑖𝑛
2 2
𝐒 − 𝐒 = 𝟐𝐂𝐒 𝐂 − 𝐂 = −𝟐𝐒𝐒
2 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴 2 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴
𝑆𝑖𝑛 2𝐴 = 2 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝐴 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝐴 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛 2𝐴 = √1 ± 𝑆𝑖𝑛2𝑥 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑥 ± 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥
1+𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝐴 1−𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝐴
1−𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝐴
𝐶𝑜𝑠 2𝐴 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝐴 − 𝑆𝑖𝑛2 𝐴 = 2𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝐴 − 1 = 1 − 2𝑆𝑖𝑛2 𝐴 = 1+𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝐴
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴+𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐵 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴−𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐵
𝑇𝑎𝑛(𝐴 + 𝐵) = 𝑇𝑎𝑛(𝐴 − 𝐵) =
1−𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴.𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐵 1+𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴.𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐵
3 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑥−𝑇𝑎𝑛3 𝑥 𝜋 1 ± 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴
𝑇𝑎𝑛3𝑥 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛 ( ± 𝐴) =
1−3 𝑇𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 4 1 ∓ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴
[Link] the values o f the other five trigonometric functions is each of the following:
12 −1
(i) cot𝜃 = , 𝜃 in quadrant III (ii) cos𝜃 = , 𝜃 in quadrant II
5 2
3 3
(iii) tan𝜃 = 4 , 𝜃 in quadrant III (iv) sin𝜃 = 5 , 𝜃 in quadrant I
−√3 −1
(v) cos θ = , θ in quadrant III (vi) sin θ = , θ in quadrant IV
2 2
12
5. If 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = and 𝜃 lies in the second quadrant, find the value of 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃.
13
3 1
6. If 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 = , 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜙 = and ⊼/2 < θ < ⊼ < ϕ < (3⊼)/2 find the value of 8 𝑡𝑎𝑛Ɵ − √5 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜙.
5 2
7. If 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = 𝑂 and 𝜃 lies in the fourth quadrant, find 𝑠𝑖𝑛Ɵ and 𝑐𝑜𝑠Ɵ.
−3
8. If 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = and ⊼ < θ <(3⊼)/2 find the values of values of other five trigonometric functions
5
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 Ɵ+𝑐𝑜𝑡 Ɵ
and hence evaluate 𝑠𝑒𝑐 Ɵ−𝑡𝑎𝑛Ɵ
15 12
9. If sin θ = 17 and cos ϕ = 13 , where θ and ϕ both lie in the first quadrant, find the values of
(i) Sin 18° (ii) Cos 18° (iii) Cos 36° (iv) Sin 36°
(v) Sin 72° (vi) Cos 72° (vii) Sin 54° (viii) cos 54°
7π π 7π π √3 π π π π √3
(v) sin cos 4 − cos 12 sin 4 = (𝑣𝑖𝑖) sin cos + cos sin =
12 2 4 12 4 12 2
cos(90°+θ) sec(270°+θ) sin(180°+θ) 2π π 2π π −(√3+1)
(vii) = cos θ (viii) cos cos 4 − sin sin 4 =
cos ec (–θ) cos (270°−θ) tan(180°+θ) 3 3 2√2
π π π π π π π π π
(ix) tan2 + 2cos2 + 3sec 2 + 4cos2 = 8 (x) 4sin sin2 3 + 3cos 3 tan 4 + cosec 2 2 = 4
3 4 6 2 6
𝑐𝑜𝑠9°+𝑠𝑖𝑛9° 𝑐𝑜𝑠8°−𝑠𝑖𝑛8°
(𝑖𝑖𝑖) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛54° (iv) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛37°
𝑐𝑜𝑠9°−𝑠𝑖𝑛9° 𝑐𝑜𝑠8°+𝑠𝑖𝑛8°
20. Prove that:
⊼ ⊼ ⊼ −1 ⊼ 7⊼ ⊼ 3
(i) sin²6 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠² 3 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛² 4 = (ii) 2sin²6 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐² 𝑐𝑜𝑠² 3 = 2
2 6
2. prove that :
5π π 1 5π π (2+√3)
(i) 2cos cos 12 = 2 (ii) 2sin cos =
12 12 12 2
π π 3π 3π
(iv) cos ( + 𝑥) + cos ( − 𝑥) = √2 cos 𝑥 (v) cos ( + 𝑥) − cos ( 4 − 𝑥) = −√2 sin 𝑥
4 4 4
sin 3𝑥−sin 𝑥 sin 5𝑥−2 sin 3𝑥+sin 𝑥
3. (i) = cot 2𝑥 (ii) = cosec 2𝑥 − cot 2𝑥
cos 𝑥−cos 3𝑥 cos 5𝑥−cos 𝑥
cos 4𝑥+cos 3𝑥+cos 2𝑥 (sin 𝑥−sin 𝑦) 𝑥−𝑦
(iii) = cot 3x (iv) = tan ( )
sin 4𝑥+sin 3𝑥+sin 2𝑥 (cos 𝑥+cos 𝑦) 2
1
(v) sin2 6𝑥 − sin2 4𝑥 = sin 10𝑥 sin 2𝑥 (vi) cos 20° cos 40° cos 60° cos 80° =
16
4. Prove that ∶
π π √3 4 tan θ(1−tan2 θ)
(i) cos2 − sin2 = (ii) tan 4θ =
12 12 2 1−6tan2 θ+tan4 θ
(√5+1) (√5−1)
(ix) (cos 2 48° − sin2 12°) = (x) (sin2 72° − sin2 60°) =
8 8
5. Find the value of: (i) sin 22°30′ (ii) cos 22°30′ (iii) tan 22°30′
6. Prove that:-
(𝑖) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 4 𝐴 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝐴 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛4 𝐴 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛4 𝐴 (𝑖𝑖) 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃
1−cos 𝐴
(v)√1+cos 𝐴 = cos 𝐴 − cot 𝐴 (𝑣𝑖) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 6 𝜃 + sin6 θ = 1 − 3𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 ∙ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃
8. Prove that:
1 𝜋 9𝜋 3𝜋 5𝜋
(i) sin(45 + 𝐴) ∙ sin(45 − 𝐴) = cos 2 𝐴 (ii) 2 cos ∙ cos + cos + cos = 0
2 13 13 13 13
cos 𝐴+cos 3𝐴+cos 5𝐴 cos 𝜃+cos 2𝜃+cos 3𝜃+cos 4𝜃 5𝜃
(iii) = cot 3𝐴 (iv) = cot
sin 𝐴+sin 3𝐴+sin 5𝐴 sin 𝜃+sin 2𝜃+sin 3𝜃+sin 4𝜃 2
𝑚 1
(v) IF tan 𝐴 = & tan 𝐵 = Prove that tan(𝐴 + 𝐵) = 1
𝑛+1 2𝑛+1
sin 2 𝐵
(vi) 𝑖𝑓 2 tan 𝐴 = 3 tan 𝐵 then Prove that tan(𝐴 − 𝐵) =
5−cos 2𝐵
𝜋
𝑡𝑎𝑛[ +𝑥]
4 1+tan 𝑥 2
(v) 𝜋 = (1−tan 𝑥)
𝑡𝑎𝑛[ −𝑥]
4
𝑚 1 𝜋
16. If ∝ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛽 are acute angles such that tan∝= 𝑚+1 and tan𝛽 = 2𝑚+1 prove that ∝ +𝛽 = 4
𝜋
17. If A+B= 4 , prove that:- (i) (1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴)(1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐵) = 2 (ii) (𝑐𝑜𝑡𝐴 − 1)(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐵 − 1) = 2
18. Prove that:- 𝑆𝑖𝑛²6𝑥 − 𝑆𝑖𝑛²4𝑥 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛2𝑥 𝑆𝑖𝑛10𝑥
19. Prove that:- 𝐶𝑜𝑠²2𝑥 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠²6𝑥 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛4𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛8𝑥