See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: [Link]

net/publication/344152716

Effective Communication in Human Resources Management

Article · September 2020

CITATION READS

1 16,400

2 authors:

Ben Asuelimen Ijie Michael Omohimi Iyoriobhe

the World Bank Ambrose Alli University
17 PUBLICATIONS 9 CITATIONS 14 PUBLICATIONS 5 CITATIONS

SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE

All content following this page was uploaded by Ben Asuelimen Ijie on 07 September 2020.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

 Effective Communication in Human Resources Management
Ijie Ben Asuelimen
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Abuja Station, Nigeria
Email: ijiebenasuelimen@[Link]

Iyoriobhe Michael Omohimi

Department of Public Administration, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria
Email: iyormike@[Link]

Abstract

This paper reviews effective communication as an important tool in human resources management
because of its critical role in the survival management, competitiveness and the development of
organizations. This paper using descriptive research method analyzed related literatures and then
discovered that managing human resources could be problematic if effective communication and
channels of information are not observed and respected. The study further x-rayed the important
position, roles and functions of effective communication in human resources management in an
organization and the relationship between human resources management, communication and
organizational performance. It concludes that effective communication results in employee
motivation, positive human relations as well as creates an environment in which the worker can feel
respected and valued. It recommends among others the adoption of result communication principle
as a panacea that can help organization improve their HR communication. The paper is useful in
assisting researchers and practitioners of human resources management to attain improved
productivity through the understanding of the practices of good communication in human resources
management

Keywords: Effective communication, barriers, human resource, productivity and growth.

Introduction

Given the accelerated rate of turbulence in the business environment, maintaining good and effective
communication as a human resource strategy remain critical to building industrial harmony, where
employees are highly motivated to keep the organization competitive through increased productivity
and sustained growth Chukwuka (2015). Equally, the cost of communication has been drastically
reduced with the advent of technological advancement therefore using the right communication
approaches will drive positive outcome to the benefit of the organization.

It is against this background that Suparna (2017) argue that robust conversation is essential to any
group's success - whether or not it is a small operation or a multinational corporation. Potent verbal
exchange is a valuable point for human useful resource leaders. Martin et al (2011) states that every
employee and manager believe that communication is essential to the success of any company.
Employees and managers should be prepared to examine and solve problems that will lead to growth
and development of the organization. Hence, Chukwuka (2015) argue that low morale, poor
productivity, interpersonal conflicts and excessive turnover are side effects of poor communication.

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES VOLUME 4, 2019 |

The ability to communicate is an essential life skill and one that can only be continually developed
(Paul and Helen, 2013). It is a general belief that no group can exist without communication. Only
communication can successfully aid the completion of any task or business transaction that requires
more than one person. The process of communication therefore involves imparting or exchanging
of information by speaking, writing, or using some other medium (CIPM, 2007).

Each person's communication style is a unique combination of their own innate skills and the term
communication is derived from the latin word ‘communis’, meaning ‘common’. Stephen (1993)
sees communication as a process of transmitting or transferring information. The communication
initiator is called the sender and the intended communication recipient is called the receiver. It's
nearly unimaginable to interact daily without verbal or some other form of communication
exchanges. Communication enables two or more persons to sends and receives information.
Information transmission expertise can include data, recommendations, ideas, opinions, beliefs,
attitudes, directions and emotions., (Bello-Imam et al, 2007).

Communication skills include those learned both formally and through experience. What helps some
people communicate better than others are their ability to adapt their types to the message,
environment and trade. Whilst individuals may favour a way of communicating, they can alter their
behavior to other communication styles if necessary to suit a situation. This flexibility helps them
to come across as knowledgeable, confident, and empathetic (Gariola et al., 2004). It is important to
note that without effective communication, the management function of planning, organising,
directing, monitoring and evaluating in the organizations cannot be effectively implemented. Put
differently, effective communication serves as a fundamental part of human resource management.
Hence Onah (2003), expressed support for the place of communication and its purpose as a
coordinating and controlling instrument in the enterprise by offering a means of effective and
efficient combination of human and material resources. This paper therefore intends to ascertain the
existence of any substantial relation between communication and employee’s performance in
organisation management.

Research Methodology

This is an explanatory research built on perceptions drawn from the analysis of the existing literature
of various scholars documented in journals, periodicals and books connected to communication and
human resources management so as to examine the connection between communication and human
resource management. Contemporary thoughts and writing of experts on communication and human
resource management were also reviewed through internet sources. To this extent13 books, 4 Journal
articles and 9 internet materials were reviewed for the study. The research findings will help human
resource practitioners, administrators and business managers to acquire useful information and
knowledge on the application of effective communication as an organizational strategy for increased
productivity and sustained growth. The study will also illuminate and highlight ways for institutions
to understand the significance of communication to administrations the management of the
organization’s greatest resources-its people.

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES VOLUME 4, 2019 |

What is Communication?

According to Akindele (2007), communication is simply the transmission of information from one
place to another. It is information sharing in which the recipient understands how the message is
intended to be delivered. Although this is a simple definition, it includes more than passing along
factual data. It involves sharing ideas, beliefs, and opinions. It's a two-means process between sender
and receiver. On their part, Bello-Imam et al (2007) explained that communication is the sharing or
exchange of ideas, meanings and experiences by employers, employees, and other stakeholders of
an organization-a matter of a two-way interaction in which they constantly exchange positions as
sender and receiver, not a one way process in which a person, like the management of an
organization is the sender all the time and the employees are at the receiving end all the time In the
same vein, CIPM (2007) sees communication as the process through which an individual gets others
to understand what he feels, thinks, wants and needs, accept them and take action if necessary.

Scolt and Mitchell (1976) considered that the conversation was between two or more people to be
transmitted and agreed upon. The person which transmits the message is called the transmitter, while
the recipient is the person receiving the knowledge. Communication is an activity, skill, and art that
incorporates lessons learned across a wide spectrum of human knowledge (Paul and Helen, 2013).
It is in the light of this, that Obilade (1987) agreed that communication is the bond that hold a society
together, without which there would be no coordination, no cooperation, and indeed no social
organization. It is in this direction that Bello-Imam et al (2007) assert that communication is a
vehicle which allows employers and employee opportunities to recall the past, think of the present,
and plan for the future. The ability to communicate is an essential life skill and one that can be
continually developed. It is easy for persons who are good communicators to develop empathy and
confidence with others. They adapt to the audience and the situation they are being presented by
their communication style. The following model thus shows an organization's communication flow:

Communication is a two-way
process

Success is attained when

All parties involved have the

same understanding of what has
been communicated

Source: Authors

Hasson (2012) identified the various categories of communication and point out that more than one
category may occur at the same time. These various communication categories include:

▪ Spoken or verbal Communication: face to face, telephone, television or radio and other media.
oral communication.
▪ Non-Verbal Communication: body language, gestures, how we dress or act - even our scent.

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES VOLUME 4, 2019 |

 ▪ Written Communication: letters, e-mails, books, magazines, the Internet or via other media.
▪ Visualizations: graphs and charts, maps, logos and other visualizations can communicate
messages.

For the purpose of this paper, the authors see communication as a two-way approach to mutual
methods of understanding (verbal or non-verbal), in which participants exchange (encode - decode)
information, news, ideas and feelings while also creating and sharing their meaning. This aligns with
Scolt and Mitchell (1976) submissions that Communication entails a multiple process which could
be between two or more people who shares information. From the foregoing, we can assert the
following characteristics of communication.

- At least, two people must be involved for communication to happen: one person to send the
message and the other person to receive it.
- It involves shared meaning.
- Communication involves the use of symbols like word, sound, numbers, letters and gestures.
- It requires skills in writing, reading, speaking, gesturing and listening.

Functions of Communication

In any organization, effective communication is very important. It enables the organizational process
of Notifying, convincing and encouraging. In order to achieve great performance, workers must
have excellent organization’s verbal exchange competencies. Hence, Oribabor (2004) opined that
communication serves four major purposes in organizations: control, motivation, emotional
expression, and information. The idea of giving information and data within an organization is to
make it possible to employees to complete their work effectively. Information is knowledge and
knowledge ensure that a worker is aware of the principles and systems of a group. If workers are
fully trained, job insecurity is also eliminated. Communication acts to control member behaviour in
several ways.

Organizations have hierarchies of authority and formal directives to follow by employees.

According to Akindele (2007) In order to follow its job description or to comply with company
policy, for example, an employee is expected to first communicate with their immediate employee
boss of any job - related grievance before escalating to the hierarchy. Akindele (2007) further asserts
that informal communication also controls behaviour. Informal communication additionally controls
behaviour. When work colleagues tease or harass a member, who produces too much (and make the
leisure of the workforce seem bad), they're informally communicating with, and controlling the
member’s behavior.

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES VOLUME 4, 2019 |

 Source: Authors
Apart from controlling, Communication also encourages motivation in clarifying who to do what,
how to do it and the employees to do it. This help to improve their performance. Also,
communication provides the opportunity for employees to release their emotional expression of
feelings and for the fulfilment of social needs, (Bello-Imam et al 2007). Communication facilitates
the role of decision making by supplying information for the individuals and groups to base their
decision. It does this by communicating data in order to identify alternatives and evaluate them.
CIPM (2007) further amplified the following functions of communication:

a. Effective communication encourages greater productivity. Here through communication,

employees will understand their jobs, their roles and what is expected of them.
b. Effective communication employs a two-way system that allows subordinates to express
themselves, ask question, contribute ideas and feel belonged.
c. Effective communication enables organizations to avoid costly failures.
d. Communication allows employees to communicate their needs and feelings among
themselves thereby ensuring that the spirit of cooperation exists.

Process of Communication

As already stated, Bello-Imam et al (2007) define a process of communication as the exchange of

meaningful information with a view to understanding the intended message by the recipient. It
begins with the conceptualization of strategies by means of the sender who then transmits the
message by way of a channel to the receiver, who in turn offers the feedback in the type of some
message or sign within the given time period. The communication process tries to answer the “what”
and “how” of communication, that is, the means and stages of communication (CIPM, 2017). There
exist different models to depict the process of the interpersonal communication, but the key elements
include;

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES VOLUME 4, 2019 |

 ▪ The sender
▪ The receiver
▪ The message
▪ The medium
▪ The channel
▪ The context
▪ Feedback

Source: Authors

1. Sender: The sender or the communicator is the person who initiates the dialog and has
conceptualized the idea that he intends to bring to others.
2. Encoding: The sender begins with the encoding system where he uses targeted phrases or
nonverbal approaches comparable to symbols, indicators, physique gestures, etc. To translate
the knowledge into a message. The sender’s talents, advantage, perception, history, talents, and
so on. This has a nice effect on the success of the message.
3. Message: Once the encoding is finished, the sender gets the message that he intends to deliver.
The message can also be written, oral, symbolic or non-verbal corresponding to body gestures,
silence, sighs, sounds, and so forth. It could also be some other signal that triggers the response
of a receiver.
4. Communication Channel: The Sender chooses the medium through which he needs to deliver
his message to the recipient. It must be selected carefully so as to make the message strong and
effectively interpreted by using the recipient. The alternative of medium is determined by the
interpersonal relationships between the sender and the receiver and in addition on the urgency
of the message being despatched. Oral, digital, written, sound, gesture, and many others are one
of the crucial typically used communique mediums.

Source: Authors

5. Receiver: The recipient is the person who is expected to receive the message. He tries to
appreciate it in the best possible manner, such that the communication goal is attained. The
measure to which the receiver understands the message depends on his competencies of the
subject matter, experience, trust and relationship with the sender.
6. Decoding: In this context, the recipient interprets the message of the sender and tries to
understand it in the best way. A strong communication will happen if the recipient understands
the message in the same way as the sender intends.

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES VOLUME 4, 2019 |

7. Taking of Action. Here the positive message receives positive attention while negative message
receives negative attention.
8. Feedback: The feedback is the final step of the system that ensures the receiver has received the
message and interpreted it properly as intended by the sender. It raises the effectiveness of the
conversation because it enables the sender to understand the efficiency of his message. The
response of the receiver could also be verbal or non-verbal.

Barriers to Effective Communication

Issues arise in communication when the message is misunderstood. This problem stems from
misinterpretation of intended messages. A few of these differences are within our control, others are
usually not, and being forewarned about such boundaries influences how communications
effectiveness. In Akindele (2007) view, two major barriers to effective communication are
distractions and distortions. Whereas, distraction occurs when communication process is interfered
with, distortions on the other hand, may be deliberate or not deliberate derail of the communication
process. It refers to how people consciously or unconsciously change message. Paul and Henry
(2013) regard these barriers to effective communication to simply as noise. Noise shows the barriers
in communications. There are chances that a message sent by the sender is not received by the
recipient because of some interference. Some of the barriers to effective communication include:

• Physical barriers (noise, invisibility, physical problems).

• Language barriers (graphical mistakes, verbalism, etc.)
• Psychological barriers (anxiety, boredom, nervousness)

Importance of Communication

According to Christopher (1997), The main functions of the management, i.e., planning,
organization, leadership and monitoring, are a product of efficient communication by the managers
of organizations. Communication helps managers to perform their jobs and responsibilities.
Communication serves as a foundation for planning. All the essential information must be
communicated to the managers who in-turn must communicate the plans to implement them.
Organizing also requires effective communication with others about their job task. Similarly, leaders
as managers must communicate effectively with their subordinates to achieve the team goals.
Controlling is not possible without written and oral communication (Onwuka, 1964). Apart from
facilitating the building of employee trust, Brian and Wendy (2003) opined that good
communication equally preserve relationship, support collaboration, engender team spirit, reduces
ambiguity and enhance clarity of purpose. It is against this backdrop that Hasson (2012) enumerated
the following key importance of communication to HRM:

1. Effective communication helps managers to perform their jobs and duties. Verbal exchange
serves as a basis for planning.
2. All the main information that need to be communicated to the managers who in-turn have to
communicate the laid down plans for their implementation. Organizing also requires robust
communication with others about their job undertaking.

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES VOLUME 4, 2019 |

 3. Communication is also a crucial part of changing the attitudes of individuals, i.e. a well -
informed person will be better off than a less - informed person. The attitudes of employees
are influences by organizational magazines, journals, meetings and other forms of written and
oral communication.
4. Communication also contributes to socialization. The only presence of another person in
today's life promotes communication. It is also said that without communication one cannot
survive.
5. Communication also supports the process of control. It helps to control the behavior of
members of the organization in different ways. There are different levels of hierarchical
structure and certain principles and guidelines to be followed in an organization by employees.
They are expected to comply with corporate policies, carry out their task efficiently and
communicate to their superiors any work and complaints. Communication therefore helps
control the management function.

What is Human Resource Management?

Human Resource Management (HRM) is the term used to describe formal systems developed for
people management within the organization. The roles, duties and tasks of a human resource
manager include;
▪ Analysis and Design of Work
▪ Recruitment and Selection
▪ Training and Development
▪ Performance Management
▪ Compensation and Benefits
▪ Employee Relations
▪ Personnel Policies
▪ Compliance Laws
▪ Support for Strategy

The aim of HRM is essentially to maximize an organization's productivity by optimizing its

employee's effectiveness

Role of Communication in HRM

Communication in HRM is the process which the managers use to be able to carry out functions
such as planning, organizing, leading and controlling. It also makes up the greater part of the
responsibilities of the manager which is not carried out in isolation but by interacting with and
communicating with others. This simply means that communication is the foundation upon which
management functions are dependent.

Types of Communication in HRM

There are majorly two types of communication in HRM and these are Oral and Written
communication. Managers use both channels but, in most situations, the information is best given

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES VOLUME 4, 2019 |

orally on one-on-one basis, which personalizes it and allows for immediate feedback. The written
channel then allows a reinforcement and creates a record of the event. Akindele (2007), however
added grapevine as a type of informal communication in organizations.

Oral Communication

Oral communication involves speaking with employees on a one-on-one basis and this is especially
common and very significant and as such must be done effectively. Some forms of oral
communication include but are not limited to:
▪ One-on-One
▪ Public Address (P.A) Broadcasts
▪ Shop-floor Talks
▪ Work Councils and Committees
▪ Induction Lecture
▪ Staff Conferences and Meetings
▪ Speak-up Schemes

Written Communication

Written communication can take many forms and to communicate effectively, senders should
compose messages using precise, simple and well written grammar. When written information is
too long, it can result in information overload which will in turn lead to ineffective communication
as the sender's message may not be understood by the receiver as intended. Some forms of written
communication include;

▪ Ideas Box
▪ Documentary Film/Slide Presentations
▪ Memos
▪ E-mails
▪ Faxes
▪ Electronic Bulletin Boards
▪ Formal Reports
▪ Invoices
▪ Telephone Message Reminders
▪ Notes

Relationship Between Communication and HRM

Communication is a crucial tool a Human Resource Manager needs to develop and sustain a smooth
functioning work team. This is because all the functions of HR are geared towards managing
employees for the goal of realizing the success of the organization. All the responsibilities of HR
cannot be achieved without communication with the employees e.g. If there is going to be a change
in the organization, to effect this change, it must be communicated to the employees who will in
turn be the ones to implement the change. Without effective communication of whatever change

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES VOLUME 4, 2019 |

there is, the employees will not be able to effect the change and thus, the goal of the HR cannot be
achieved. Communication is used by HR to organize, direct, coordinate and control employee
activities as well as identify and satisfy their aspirations and expectations.

Effects of Communication in HR

• Employees feel a sense of responsibility as they see themselves as part of the organization (sense
of belonging).
• Management understands the employee better and can find ways of making the working
environment better for the success of the organization.

Benefits of Communication in HR

• Employees understand the corporate policies of the organization, core values, culture, mission,
vision.
• Keeps employees informed of what is happening in the organization
• Employees appreciate and support employee benefits
• More dedicated and committed employees
• Needs of employees are known and makes for better employee development Creates a better
working environment which encourages maximum productivity
Why is Effective HR Communication Important?

Effective HR communication is important because communication is the means through which HR

can achieve its responsibilities for the success of the organization. It is important to note that
employees possess a wide range of field experience which include; background, knowledge, beliefs,
etc. The field experience affects the way information is decoded and as such, effective
communication is important to ensure that every employee gets the right message and is on the same
page in terms of understanding to guarantee the successful running of the organization. Effective
communication ensures that HR develops and sustains a smooth running of work teams by
organizing and directing employees, coordinating and controlling their activities. These can be
summarized into ensuring;

• Establishment and dissemination of relevant information

• Influence employees through motivation, sensitization and mobilization
• Using instructions, directives and control to activate employees
HR Communication techniques

According to Akindele (2007), Communications experts believe that a range of media and
techniques of effective employee communication can help employees increase their productivity by
making them have a sense of belonging, give them emotional security, recognize them and provide
an environment with open communication.

These media and techniques include;

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES VOLUME 4, 2019 |

 a. House Journals-magazines, newspapers, newsletters/bulletin. They periodically communicate
information and decisions from management to employees and the concerns of employees to
management through question and answer features. The objective is to provide a means of
feedback.
b. Notice Boards To give all personnel the same information at the same time
c. Videotapes and Closed-Circuit TV This has the added advantage of the face-to-face
communication which will bring a closer understanding between management and staff
d. Ideas Box Staff are invited to place ideas, suggestions and complaints, or comments.
e. Staff Conferences and Meetings Helps to unite staff and create good management-employee
relations.
f. Staff Events Parties, outings, sports events, anniversary dinners which include family and
friends also help to cement good employee relations
g. Works Councils and Committees Participation or involvement of employee directors on the
boards of works council and committees enables them to understand what is going on in the
organization and help them influence the management of the organization.

Importance of HR Communication

Generally, Communication can be a tricky concept to master within an organization, particularly

one with complex levels and multiple issues (Paul and Henry, 2013). When all parts of your
organization communicate smoothly, it can improve workflow and overall productivity. Paul and
Henry (2013), therefore canvassed the following as the importance of communication to HRM:

1. Communication encourages motivation by informing the staff about the task to be performed,
the way to performs it, and how its performance can be promoted if it is not up to the mark.
2. Communication is an information source for the decision - making process of the
organizational members, which helps to identify and evaluate alternative actions.
3. Communication sharpens the organizations people’s perspective in the handling of matters.
Also, it plays a central role in changing the attitudes and character of the employees.
Organizational magazines, journals, meetings and various other forms of oral and written
communication help in molding employee’s attitudes.
4. Communication also contributes to socialization. The only presence of another person
promotes communication in today's life. It is also said that without communication humanity
and indeed the business environment cannot survive.
5. Communication also contributes to the control process, as discussed before. It helps in
different ways to control the conduct of members. There are different levels of hierarchy and
certain principles and guidelines that employees in an organization have to follow. They must
adhere to organizational policies, perform their role efficiently and communicate to their
superiors any work problems and complaints. Communication therefore helps to control the
management function.

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES VOLUME 4, 2019 |

Guaranteed Employee Satisfaction

The term used to describe the happiness and contentment of employees to fulfill their desires and
needs at work is their employee satisfaction. Some factors that could guarantee employee
satisfaction include

a. Treating employees with respect

b. Providing regular employee recognition
c. Empowering employees
d. Offering above industry-average benefits and compensation
e. Providing employee perks
f. Company activities
g. Transparency
h. Give room for creativity

Discursion of Findings

The management of organization deals extraordinarily and largely with both internal and external
communication issues. Scholars identified and describes a number of different areas and methods
where communication is invariably connected with effective management of human resources.
Nonetheless, the paper observed that most of them analyzed communication from a very narrow
perspective and forget about the overall effect of verbal exchange on the effective performance of
organizational human resources.

To underscore the importance of communication in achieving industrial harmony and organization

growth, the paper observed the emphases of most writer on the need to utilize multiple channels of
communication (both formal and informal) in relaying official information to the personnel. This
communication strategy the paper realized will help organization to minimize poor communication
especially where adequate communication skill is a barrier to effective communication.

Also, abundant opportunities exist in the deployment of modern technologies as a viable enabler of
effective communication in organization. Hence, it’s expected that management of organizations
will take advantage of these immense capabilities that the organization will attain by deploying
modern ICT infrastructure as tools for human resources communication.

Conclusion and Recommendation

The role of communication in HRM cannot be overemphasized as it brings about employee

motivation, effective human relations as well as creates an environment in which the worker can
feel respected and valued. There must be a foundation of trust between management and staff which
means employees acceptance and have faith in intentions, decisions and policies made by HR
management and accuracy of information disseminated, all geared towards the success of the goals
of the organization.

Effective communication depends on the ability of the individual to read the other person or group's
attitude. Hence, CIPM (2007) sees it as the process through which an individual gets others to

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES VOLUME 4, 2019 |

understand what he feels, thinks, wants and needs, accept them and take action if necessary. This is
something that can be learnt from behavior and it reflect your emotions and feelings for
communication. In the past, companies have been able to use a top - down approach to promote
communication with employees and teamwork. The approach is conventional, but in 2017 it is
outdated. Make each communication channel, even administratively, a two - way street. The
following is recommended to improve communication within organizations:

1. Use more than one channels for organizational communication – Sending it by means of
multiple channels is among the excellent methods to make sure that you simply get your message
across. Some of the strongest channels include meetings, face - to - face discussions, electronic mail,
faxes, telephone discussions, newsletters, posts and memoranda. The secret is to ensure that you
always use several approaches to disseminate your message and do not depend on a single channel
under any circumstances.

2. Repeat important messages – You can improve organizational communication by re -

petition of key messages from time to time, in addition to using multiple channels.

3. Focus on Listening – This is essential in individual communications (i.e., one - on - one).

Most of us, who are poor listeners, are because we don't take the time to listen actively. You can do
this by way of utilizing reflective listening competencies (paraphrasing what your speaking partner
has stated to verify understanding), utilizing good non-verbal behaviors and physique language (e.g.,
face your verbal exchange companion with an open stance), and focusing on your partner by making
a mindful effort to pay attention first rather than trying to get your message through first. Do this
by means of pronouncing to yourself.

4. Get Your Message Across – After you pay attention and utterly realize your conversation
companion, you ought to be certain that you could get your message through within the targeted
approach it is meant. To try this, communicate openly and honestly, and be as easy as practicable
(i.e., no “beating about the bush”); speak inclusively and use terms with a view to be understood
and understood; and determine to be certain your message has been gotten correctly.

5. Handle Communication Problems – In the end, we need to be more powerful at managing

the problems of conversation, so that people interact inevitably. Conflict, problem resolution,
misunderstandings, the handling of complex persons, and the management of cultural differences
include such issues.

6. Finally, Paul and Helen (2013), result communication principle can help organization
improve their HR communication. The RESULT is an acronym for reason, environment, specific,
understanding, listen, and time frame. Reason is your communication purpose. The environment
takes the specifics of who and where you are communicating into account. Your communications
are specific; what do you want to do? Listen to gain the level of understanding you desire in a
message and Time frame, being the amount of time require to implement the task that was
communicated.

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES VOLUME 4, 2019 |

References

Akindele, R.I. (2007). Fundamentals of Human Resources. Ile-Ife, Cedar Productions.

Bello-Imam I.B. (2007). Fundamentals of Human Resource Management in Nigeria. Ibadan,

College Press & Publishers Limited.

Brian, M. and Wendy V. (2003). Non-Violent Speak: Communication Against Repression.

Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.

Business Dictionary. Communication. Retrieved from:

[Link] As of 20 April 2017)

Business Jargons. Communication-Process. (Online). Available from:

[Link] (Accessed 20 April 2017)

Chartered Institute of Personnel Management (CIPM), (2007). Organizational Behaviour and

Performance. Lagos, Class Printing Press.

Christopher, R.K. (1997). Communication and Democracy: Coincident Revolutions and the
Emergent Dictators, Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, RGSD-127. As of February
27, 2019: [Link]

Chukwuka, E. (2015). Communication as a Veritable Tool for Effective Human Resource

Management in Organisation. Review of Public Administration and Management, 4(8), 63-75

Ehrenberg, R. H., & Stupak, R. J. (1994). Total quality management: its relationship to
administrative theory and organizational behavior in the public sector. Public Administration
Quarterly, (18:1), 75-78.

Ekwealor, E.F. (2007). Fundamental of Public Administration. Onitsha. Abbot Books Limited.

Ezeani, E.O. (2006). Fundamentals of Public Administration. Revised Edition. Enugu. Snaap
Press Limited.

Gairola, B.K., Chandra, M., Mall, P., Chacko, J.G., Sayo, P. and Loh, H. (2004). Information
and Communication Technology for Development: A Source Book for Parliamentarians.
Accessed from: [Link] on 27 April 2017.

Heathfield, M. Employee Satisfaction. (Online). Retrieved from:

[Link] As of 27 April 2017.

Juneja, P. (2017) Importance of communication in an organization. Retrieved from:

[Link] 20 April 2017)

Kaufman, B. (2000). Personnel/human resource management: its roots as applied economics. In:
R. Buckhouse, & J. Biddle (Eds.), Toward a history of applied economics, annual supplement
to History of political economy (vol. 32, pp. 229 – 256). Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES VOLUME 4, 2019 |

 LinkedIn (2013). Communication: Process, Functions, Barriers. (online) Available from:
[Link] (Accessed 20 April
2017).

Mai-Lafia, M. (2013). Theories and Practice of Public Administration. Lagos: National Open
University of Nigeria Publishers.

Martin, M., Whiting, F. & Jackson, T. (2011). Human resource practice, (5th ed.). London:
CIPD House.

Nwachukwu, C.C. (1988). Management theory and Practice. Onitsha: Africana FEP Publishers
Ltd.

Obilade, T. (1987). Verbal Communication. Carbondale and London: George Publishers Inc. In
Bello-Imam I.B. et al., (2007). Fundamentals of Human Resource Management in Nigeria.
Ibadan, College Press & Publishers Limited.

Onah, F. (2003). Human resource management, Enugu: Fulladu Publishing Company.

Oribabor P.E. (2000). Effective Communication: A tool for Successful Management in Oribabor
P.E. and Ogunbameru O.A. (ed) Introduction to Industrial Sociology. Ife, OAU Press Ltd.

Oribabor P.E. (2003). Management Theory Jungle: Where We Are. Ile-Ife: Obafemi Awolowo
University Press.

Paul, N. and Henry, B. (2013). Effective Communication. (Online) Accessed 20 April 2017 from
[Link] .

Singh, A. (2005). Public Administration: Roots and Wings. New Delhi: Galgotia Publishing
Company.

Suparna, N. (2017). Role of Communication in Human Resource Management-An Explorative

Study. Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR), 3(5), 385-391.

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES VOLUME 4, 2019 |

View publication stats