Research Importance
&
Research Methodology
BY
Dr. SRIDHAR MANDA
Head and Associate Professor
Dept. of CSE(Data Science)
Balaji Institute of Technology and Science
Narsampet.
WHAT IS RESEARCH?
Research can be defined as the search for
knowledge or as any systematic investigation
to establish facts.
TYPES OF RESEARCH
Pure and Applied Research
Exploratory or Formulative Research
Descriptive Research
Diagnostic Study
Evaluation Studies
Action Research
Experimental Research
Analytical study or statistical Method
Historical Research
Surveys
Case Study
Writing a Research Report
Document of scientific findings.
Scientific papers are the heart of the scientific community.
A research paper is an expanded essay that presents ones
interpretation or evaluation or an argument.
When anyone write’s a research paper they build upon what they know
about the subject and what other experts know.
A research paper involves surveying a field of knowledge in order to find
the best possible information in that field.
Articles, papers, or research reports convey:
Facts and/or theories others in the research
community generated (research reviews).
Facts and/or theories the research community
generated and one’s own findings generated from a
research project (research article or book).
And rarely, only one’s findings generated from a
research project (applied research).
An article, paper, or report generally takes a structure or
form that seems difficult but is intended to help
make reading it or using it for research quick and
efficient.
A research report has seven components:
1. Abstract or Summary
2. Introduction
3. Review of Literature
4. Methods
5. Results
6. Conclusions and Discussion
7. References
1. Abstract or Summary
The abstract or summary tells the reader very
briefly what the main points and findings of the
paper are.
This allows the reader to decide whether the
paper is useful to them.
Get into the habit of reading only abstracts while
searching for papers that are relevant to your
research.
Read the body of a paper only when you think it
will be useful to you.
The abstract should begin with a brief but precise
statement of the problem or issue, followed by a
description of the research method and design, the major
findings, and the conclusions reached.
Abstracts commonly have these parts:
Introduction
Purpose
Method
Result
Conclusion
4c’s of Abstract
Complete — it covers the major parts of the project.
Concise — it contains no excess wordiness or
unnecessary information.
Clear — it is readable, well organized, and not too
jargon-laden.
Cohesive — it flows smoothly between the parts.
1. Abstract or Summary—an example
2. Introduction
The introduction tells the reader what the topic of
the paper is in general terms, why the topic is
important, and what to expect in the paper.
Introductions should funnel from general ideas to
the specific topic of the paper.
Introductions are sometimes folded into literature
reviews.
3. Review of Literature
The literature review tells the reader what other
researchers have discovered about the paper’s topic or tells
the reader about other research that is relevant to the topic.
A literature review should shape the way readers think
about a topic—it educates readers about what the
community of scholars says about a topic and its
surrounding issues.
Often what students call a “research paper” is merely a
review of literature.
Along the way it states facts and ideas about the social
world and supports those facts and ideas with credit for
where they came from.
Irrelevant information is not discussed.
The literature review has its own voice. The sources of
information are not extensively quoted or “copied and
pasted.” Instead, the author puts facts and ideas into his or
her own words while pointing out where the information
came from.
4. Methods
A METHODS SECTION MUST CONTAIN:
Descriptions of Data
Think in terms of: “Who, What, When, Where, Why and How?”
Target Population
The Ways Data were Collected:
Sampling
Delivery Methods
Response Rates
Limitations of Data (Who is omitted, biases)
5. Results
The results section chronicles the findings of the
statistical analyses and assesses whether your
expectations (hypotheses) were correct.
Professional tables showing descriptive and
inferential statistics
Narrative describing most relevant findings
The narrative and tables are complementary.
The narrative discusses ONLY VERY IMPORTANT
findings and refers to where information can be found
in the tables as different facts are discussed.
The tables contain almost all statistical information so
that the author does not have to write a narrative for
every detail in the analysis.
6. Conclusions and Discussion
This section assesses how one’s research findings relate to what
the community of scholars knew already.
You should summarize the most salient points of your research
(tell the reader what you found out about your topic).
Discuss the general significance of your topic and findings.
You should discuss the shortcomings of your study and what
implications these have for your findings.
Discuss things future researchers should investigate about your
topic.
Leave the reader with the understanding he or she ought to have
about the topic you spent so much time exploring.
7. References
The references are just as important as any
other part of your paper.
They are the link to the community of scholars
that will permit your reader to assess the
worthiness of the claims you make in your
paper.
References also make the research process
much more efficient because they make it very
easy to look up sources of facts and ideas.
JOURNAL TEMPLATES OR FORMATS
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
sh/guide-for-authors
ESSENTIAL RESEARCH TOOLS
WHAT IS PLAGIARISM?
Plagiarism means using someone else’s work
without giving them proper credit. In academic
writing, plagiarizing involves using words, ideas,
or information from a source without citing it
correctly.
Tool : Turnitin
Website: [Link]
FORMAT OF THE PAPER
Use Journal Template found in the journal web site.
Types of Publications:
Journal and Conferences (National or
International).
Publications in Indexing:
1. UGC
2. Scopus
3. Web of Science
4. ESCI
5. SCIE
6. SCI
OPEN ACCESS Journal
Free Journal & Paid Journal
WEBSITES
[Link]
WEB OF SCIENCE , ESCI, SCIE, OR SCI
[Link]