CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the problem

Listening as a foreign language is an essential part of English. It

seems like other skills like writing, learning, and speaking, listening is

very important because it is the most commonly used skill in everyday life.

Even, Gilakjani and Ahmadi explained that, listening plays a significant

role in the lives of people.1 Learning listening will allow people to greatly

improve the ability to communicate. People need to regularly and

consistently hear different forms of English if they want to communicate

properly and meaningfully. It means that people cannot learn language

without hearing because listening provides language input.

Listening is one of the important skill that student should have

learned in learning a language such as learning English, but learning to be

good in listening is not easy as it seems. This cannot be separated from the

influences of listening in constructing students' vocabulary and enhancing

language usage. Listening has the potential to develop students’

pronunciation, words stress, and syntax acquisitions. It also contributes for

language expertise and proficiency. Additionally, listening facilitates

students to obtain 45% of the total language competences. 2 From the

information given, it can be concluded that listening is a very important

1
Gilakjani, A. P. & Ahmadi, M. R. (2018). A Study Of Factors Affecting EFL
Learners’ English Listening Comprehension And The Strategies For Improvement.
Journal of Language Teaching & Research, 2(5), 977-988.
2
Ron Iwankovitsch, The Importance of Listening, Language Arts Journal of
Michigan,17, 2017, p. 5.

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skill that students need to learn in order to improve their English language

proficiency. Additionally, listening also has the potential to help students

develop their pronunciation, word stress, and syntax acquisitions.

One of the purposes of listening is to get information from the

spoken language which can be called as the listening comprehension. The

listening comprehension involves knowing speech sounds, comprehending

the meaning of individual words, and understanding the syntax of

sentences.3 According to Hamouda in Ahmadi, listening comprehension

refers to the understanding of what the listener has heard and it is his/her

ability to repeat the text despite the fact that the listener may repeat the

sounds without real comprehension.4 This means listening comprehension

is a process of understanding the spoken language. These include knowing

speech sounds, comprehending the meaning of individual words, and

understanding the syntax of sentences.

In the process, listening skill must be supported by a helpful

medium someone in learning language especially English. The media is

useful to create students’ motivation in listening comprehension. One of

the media that used in the listening process is audio-visual. This medium

can display sound and images in the application. Video and audio media

that offer content to support listening comprehension skills. This type of

media can include movies, television shows, podcasts, and music..

3
Pourhosein Gilakjani, A., & Sabouri, N. B. (2016). Learners’ Listening
Comprehension Difficulties in English Language Learning: A Literature Review. English
Language Teaching, 9(6), 123-133.
4
Seyedeh Masoumeh Ahmadi, The Importance of Listening Comprehension in
Language Learning, (Iran: University of Guilan, 2016), p.8.
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Movie is called film or motion picture is a story conveyed with

moving images. It is produced by recording photographic images with

cameras creating images using animation techniques or visual effect.

Movie records physical reality but sees it differently from ordinary human

experiences.5 In relation with movies that are used as learning media, Hu

states that “movies provide both audio and visual materials that help the

students understand the language more easily”.6 When watching a film,

students not only listen to the characters, but also watch their movements.

In addition, the scenes, the props and other aspects make the

communication so real that, by watching the film, students seem to almost

interact with the activities in the movies. Furthermore, in a film class they

tend to learn in a natural way so they pick up the language spontaneously

Based on the preliminary research that was conducted on the 19 th

October 2022 in second grade at SMKN 1 Bukittinggi, the researcher

found some problems related to students’ listening skill. First, based on

observation and interview, it was found that the students’ interest toward

listening was low. It was observed that during the classroom, especially in

listening section, some of the students did not pay attention to the movie.

They are busy with themselves such as talking, drawing doodle, or even

ask permission to leave the class.

5
Joseph E. Champoux, , Film as a Teaching Resource, New Mexico: The
University of New Mexico, 2017), p.6.
6
Hu S. F. On teaching nonEnglish Majors Listening and Speaking through
Videos. (China English Language Education Association Journal, 2016), p.42-48.
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Second, the students listening skill was low. The teacher said that

some of the students’ score was below the average. The minimum score to

pass the English class is 75. Meanwhile, the mean score of the students in

listening is only 60. It indicated that some of the students listening skill

was low. Furthermore, it was also observed that some of the students

cannot answer the question about the movie they had watching. This made

the researcher sure that there was a problem of the students listening skill.

Third, some of the students were having problem with the speed of

the speaker in the movie. This problem was found when the researcher

asked the students outside the classroom. Some of the students said that

the speaker’s speed of narrating the story line of the movie is fast. They

said that it made them did not concentrate toward story line of the movie.

However, some of them still able to answer the question about the movie

since the already watched it many times before in Indonesia language.

Fourth, the movie theme that teacher used is not authentic. At the

time, the teacher was showing the students “Malin Kundang” movie. The

material at the time was about narrative text. Based on the interview with

the teacher, he said that he was using movie to engage the students’

interest toward learning. However, since “Malin Kundang” is one of the

movie that the researcher assumes as too mainstream. This might lead to

the problem of the students not showing a good interest toward the

learning.
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Based on the problems above, the researcher wants to conduct a

research related to the students’ problem in listening, especially by using

movie as the media. This research is entitled “THE EFFECTIVENESS

OF LEARNING LISTENING BY USING MOVIE AS MEDIA IN

THE 11th GRADE OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING IN SMKN 1

BUKITTINGGI”

B. Identification of the problem

Based on the background of that problem above, the researcher

found some problem that can be identified:

1. Some of the students’ interest toward listening by using movies was low

2. Some of the students’ listening skill was low

3. Some of the students were having difficulty with fast speaker

4. The theme of the movie that the teacher used is not authentic

C. Limitation of the problem

Based on the identification of the problem above, the researcher

limits the research into analyzing the effectiveness of learning listening by

using movie as media. The research was limited to the listening skill only

and to the 11th grade students of mechanical engineering only in order to

avoid the broad scope of the research.

D. Formulation of the research

Based on the limitation of the problem, this research will be

formulated as the following questions: “How effective is the use of movie

in learning listening?
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E. Purpose of the research

Based on the formulation of the research above, the purpose of this

research is: “To find out the effectiveness of the use of movie in learning

listening”

F. Significant of the research

1. For the students

To make students comprehend by using movie as learning media of

listening comprehension

2. For the lecturer

To give the teacher another alternative that is using movie as media

in learning comprehension to improve learning skill and give the positive

effect to their students.

3. For the researcher

It can give information and this study can be guidance for the other

researchers to correlate materials in the future.

G. Definition of the key terms

1. Listening comprehension

Listening comprehension is not only activity to listen the speakers

but also the process trying to get the message from what the actor and or

narrators said in the movie.

2. Media

Media focus on use of movies as concept and context to transmit or

deliver the messages in teaching listening to support and enhance teaching

and learning listening.

3. Movie

Movie is one of the audio visual aids that can be used in language

teaching, especially listening skill. Movie in this research is audio visual

aids that is used during the learning listening ski