For example, in the case of seasonal demand, as is the case in the clothing industry according to
the seasons, time, machines, or stores are allocated to produce repeated batches for storage,
i.e., reliance on continu-ous production during the season, and intermittent production during
the year, to avoid storage problems and loss of time.
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Examples of the seasonality of inputs are the use of agricultural crops and fruits as inputs to
produce juices and preserved food. The pro-duction takes place in season and the production is
stored until demand. 1/5 Concept of production management
Production management is defined as:
• "Managing the transformational process of converting inputs into outputs"
• "The process of planning, organizing and controlling the activ-ities of the production function,
which integrates and transforms the various resources in the production sub-system from the
or-ganization's systems into outputs of higher value, in a special way to control, and in
accordance with the organization's poli-cies."
• "Production management is concerned with making decisions about production processes that
lead to the production of goods or services produced in accordance with specified specifications,
in the required quantities, and in accordance with scheduled de-mand, and at the lowest cost."
- Production management is the process of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the
activities of the production func-tion. It is responsible for assembling and converting the various
resources used in the production sub-system of the organization into value-added products, and
in the manner, it controls in ac-cordance with the policies of the organization.
• "Production management deals with making decisions related to production operations so
that the resulting goods or services
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are produced according to specifications, in the required quanti-ties, on the required schedule,
and at the lowest cost."
The management of the transformational process means that the practices of the production
and operations manager to manage the transfor-mational process have evolved with the
development of managerial thought, as each of these schools defines the assumptions upon
which the management of the transformational process is based and defines the re-
sponsibilities and tasks of the production manager. 1/6 The historical development of
production and operations management:
The human has exercised the function of production since God Al-mighty created him. This
practice may sometimes be in an organized man-ner and at other times in an unorganized
manner, as there were handicrafts and various craftsmen.
The rise of the industrial revolution in the middle of the eighteenth-century AD and the entry of
mechanization led to the development of the means of production, and the emergence of new
patterns of production management, and then the emergence of new administrative horizons
that led to the development of production and operations management to reach its
contemporary concept.