JSS 3 Basic Science Exam 2022/2023
Uploaded by
fatimasuleiman639JSS 3 Basic Science Exam 2022/2023
Uploaded by
fatimasuleiman639Common questions
Powered by AIErosion refers to the wearing away of the earth's surface by natural forces such as wind and water, often exacerbated by human activities like deforestation and agriculture. Its impact includes loss of fertile soil and landscape changes. Flooding is the overflowing of water onto land that is typically dry, caused by excessive rainfall or obstruction of water flows. It leads to property damage and soil saturation. Both involve water but differ fundamentally in their direct causes and types of environmental changes they provoke .
Excretion in the lungs primarily involves the removal of carbon dioxide, a metabolic waste product from cellular respiration. As deoxygenated blood reaches the lungs, carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveoli and is expelled during exhalation. This process is crucial for maintaining acid-base balance and preventing acidosis .
A family trait is a genetic attribute that is passed from parents to their offspring. Dominant traits are expressed when at least one dominant allele is present, such as brown eyes. Recessive traits require two copies of a recessive allele to be expressed, like blue eyes. The inheritance patterns of these traits are observed through family pedigrees .
Human excretory organs include the kidneys, liver, lungs, and skin. The kidneys filter blood, removing waste and excess substances to form urine. The liver processes toxins and produces urea excreted in urine. Lungs expel carbon dioxide, and the skin excretes sweat to regulate temperature and remove salt .
The gall bladder's main function in the digestive system is to store bile produced by the liver. During digestion, bile is released into the small intestine to aid in the emulsification and breakdown of fats, making it easier for digestive enzymes to further process dietary fats .
Fertilization in humans is the union of a male gamete (sperm) with a female gamete (ovum) to form a zygote. This zygote will divide and grow, beginning the developmental process that eventually leads to pregnancy and the birth of a new individual. It is the initial step that leads to the gestation period .
Family traits are genetic characteristics passed from parents to offspring, not directly between siblings. While siblings can inherit the same traits from their parents, they do not transmit traits to one another. Each sibling independently receives a combination of genes from the parents .
The components of blood include erythrocytes (red blood cells), platelets, and white blood cells. Oxygen, while essential for bodily functions, is not a component of blood but rather a substance transported by blood .
The gestation period is the time during which a fetus develops from fertilization to birth, typically spanning nine months in humans. It is crucial for proper organ formation and growth. Throughout this period, the fetus undergoes major developmental milestones, including the heart starting to beat, organogenesis, and maturation of bodily systems necessary for survival outside the womb .
Excess carbohydrates in the human body are converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscle tissues. If glycogen stores are full, surplus carbohydrates are then converted into fat for long-term energy storage. This process ensures a constant energy supply during caloric deficits .