Scribd
Upload
6 views4 pages

Statistical Methods for Data Analysis

Example of Stats function file

Uploaded by

Amol
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views4 pages

Statistical Methods for Data Analysis

Example of Stats function file

Uploaded by

Amol
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

# Manual Mean Method

pop_data=[150,160,434,300,230]

sam_data=[150,160,230]

pop_mean=sum(pop_data)/len(pop_data)

sam_mean=sum(sam_data)/len(sam_data)

print("Population Data =",pop_mean)


print("Sample Data =",sam_mean)

Population Data = 254.8


Sample Data = 180.0

import numpy as np

data=[45,66,78,90,100]
data_mean=[Link](data)

print("Mean is =",data_mean)

Mean is = 75.8

import statistics as stats

data=[45,66,78,90,100]
mean_Data=[Link](data)

print("Mean is =",mean_Data)

Mean is = 75.8

import seaborn as sns


import numpy as np

iris=sns.load_dataset('iris')
mean_data=[Link](iris['sepal_length'])

print("Mean data =",mean_data)

Mean data = 5.843333333333334

import numpy as np
data=[45,66,78,90,100,10000]

median=[Link](data)

print(median)

84.0
import statistics as stats

data=[45,66,78,90,100]
mean_Data=[Link](data)

print("Median is =",mean_Data)

Median is = 78

import pandas as pd

df=[Link]({"age":[20,24,15,10,30]})

print(df)

median=df['age'].median()
print(median)

age
0 20
1 24
2 15
3 10
4 30
20.0

import statistics as stats

data=[85,90,90,95,85,96,80]

mode=[Link](data)

mode1=[Link](data)

print(mode)

print(mode1)

85
[85, 90]

import statistics as stats

data=[85,90,90,95,85,96,80,90]

mode=[Link](data)

print(mode)

90
from scipy import stats
data=[85,90,90,95,85,96,80,90]

mode=[Link](data)

print(mode)

ModeResult(mode=90, count=3)

import numpy as np

data=[2,4,4,5,6,7,8,9]

sample_data=[Link](data,ddof=1)
pop_data=[Link](data,ddof=0)

print("Sample Data Variance =",sample_data)


print("Pop_data =",pop_data)

Sample Data Variance = 5.410714285714286


Pop_data = 4.734375

import pandas as pd

data=[2,4,4,5,6,7,8,9]
series=[Link](data)

sample_data=[Link]()

print("Sample Data Variance =",sample_data)

pop_data=[Link](ddof=0)

print("Population data variance =",pop_data)

Sample Data Variance = 5.410714285714286


Population data variance = 4.734375

from scipy import stats


data=[2,4,4,5,6,7,8,9]

sample_data=[Link](data)
print("Sample data variance=",sample_data)

pop_data=[Link](data,ddof=0)
print("Population data variance =",pop_data)

Sample data variance= 5.410714285714286


Population data variance = 4.734375
import numpy as np
data=[2,4,4,5,6,7,8,9]
sample_std=[Link](data,ddof=1)

population_data=[Link](data,ddof=0)
print("Sample data Std :",sample_std)
print("Population data std =",population_data)

Sample data Std : 2.326094212561969


Population data std = 2.1758618981911515

import pandas as pd
data=[2,4,4,5,6,7,8,9]
series=[Link](data)
sample_std=[Link]()
print("Sample Data std =",sample_std)
pop_std=[Link](ddof=0)
print("Population Data Std =",pop_std)

Sample Data std = 2.326094212561969


Population Data Std = 2.1758618981911515

from scipy import stats


import math
data=[2,4,4,5,6,7,8,9]
sample_std=[Link]([Link](data))
print("Sample Std =",sample_std)

pop_std=[Link]([Link](data,ddof=0))
print("Population std =",pop_std)

Sample Std = 2.326094212561969


Population std = 2.1758618981911515

Common questions

Powered by AI

Python libraries such as seaborn and pandas offer robust functionalities for statistical analysis. Seaborn simplifies the visualization and exploratory analysis of complex datasets, exemplified by its ability to quickly load datasets like 'iris' and compute statistical summaries such as mean values . Pandas allow for easy manipulation and computation on data through DataFrame operations, which enhances analysis efficiency with functionalities like calculating medians .

The mean considers all values, providing an average, while the median is the middle value in a sorted dataset. The mean is sensitive to extreme values (outliers), whereas the median remains stable, offering a more reliable center measure for skewed distributions. For instance, in a skewed dataset like [45,66,78,90,100,10000], the mean is affected by the large outlier resulting in 75.8, whereas the median gives a more stable representation at 84 .

In Python, the standard deviation can be calculated using numpy (np.std()), pandas (series.std()), or scipy (math.sqrt(stats.tvar())). It indicates the dispersion of data points from the mean; a higher standard deviation denotes more spread. For instance, in the dataset [2, 4, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], the sample standard deviation is calculated as 2.326094212561969, reflecting variability from the mean .

The median is a more suitable measure when datasets have outliers or are skewed, as it is not affected by extreme values. For example, considering data [45, 66, 78, 90, 100, 10000], the mean would misleadingly represent the central tendency due to the outlier 10000, while the median provides a more robust central location by focusing on the middle value, 84 in this case .

To calculate the mean of a dataset manually, sum all the data points and divide by the number of data points. For example, with the dataset pop_data=[150,160,434,300,230], the population mean is calculated as 254.8 by dividing the sum of the data by the number of data points . Using Python packages, you can utilize libraries like numpy or statistics. For instance, numpy's np.mean(data) or statistics.mean(data) can perform the mean operation efficiently .

Multiple modes appear in a dataset when two or more values have the highest frequency. Using Python, the statistics module can handle such instances with functions like stats.multimode() which returns all modes. For example, in the dataset [85, 90, 90, 95, 85, 96, 80], stats.multimode() returned [85, 90], indicating both numbers appeared with equal maximum frequency .

Python libraries such as pandas and numpy streamline data exploration and analysis through efficient data handling and computation capabilities. Panda's DataFrame structures allow for advanced querying and transformation of large datasets with simple syntax, while numpy provides fast array computations. Together, they facilitate processing and statistical evaluation, like calculating means, medians, or variances from large datasets efficiently .

Sample data variance typically accounts for the degrees of freedom, applying a correction factor by dividing by (n-1), whereas population data variance divides by n directly. Using numpy, pandas, and scipy statistics, the sample data variance and the population data variance are calculated as 5.410714285714286 and 4.734375 respectively, showcasing the correction for sample data variance .

Degrees of freedom (df) adjust the estimation of population parameters from sample data, typically accommodating the estimation process's constraints. They are often set as n-1 for sample calculations to provide an unbiased estimator of variance and standard deviation. In variance calculations using numpy or scipy, sample variance uses df=1, impacting the spread result, which attributes to the higher sample variance compared to population variance .

Differentiating between sample and population metrics is important for accuracy and representation in statistical analysis. Sample metrics consider adjustments like degrees of freedom to avoid biases in estimating population parameters. For instance, different formulas for variance in sample and population avoid underestimating data spread, crucial in inferential statistics to ensure the generalizability of conclusions from sample data to broader populations .

You might also like