Nama : I Wayan Galang Radika

NPM : 40403119037

Program study : rangka pesawat A

Tugas HAR MESIN

Chapter 4

Section A

Question & answer

[Link] pressure ratio is the ratio between readings from the compressor inlet and the “last” stage
turbine.

2. Match each of these descriptions with the appropriate turbine engine instrument.

a. 4 Indicates the total engine internal pressure immediately aft of the last turbine stage

b. 5 Is an indication of the thrust being developed by the engine

c. 1 Indicates the torque being developed by a turboprop engine

d. 2 Indicates r.p.m. in percent of maximum

e. 3 gas Indicates exhaust temperature

1. Torquemeter

2. Tachometer

3. EGT gauge

4. Turbine discharge pressure

5. EPR gauge

3. The start of a turbine engine is indicated by a rise in the ‘exhaust gas temperature’

4. When an engine start produces a temperature that exceeds the limit, it is known as a ‘hot start

5. A hot start inspection typically ‘does not’ (does or does not) require engine removal

6. When an engine has a normal start, but cannot accelerate or reach idle r.p.m., it is called a ‘hung start

7. If an engine fire occurs during the start of a turbine engine, you should immediately move the fuel
control lever to the "off" position and ‘continue cranking
8 .Gas turbine engine thrust may be rated using several different terms, match each description with the
appropriate rating.

a. 2 This is the maximum allowable thrust for takeoff.

b. 4 This rating is the maximum continuous thrust.

c. 1 This is the maximum thrust approved for normal climb

d. 3 This is the maximum thrust approve for cruising

1. Normal rated power

2. Takeoff power

3. Maximum cruise power

4. Maximum continuous power

9. One takeoff and one landing constitutes on ‘flight cycle

10. A turbine engine is divided into two sections a ‘cold and a ‘hot section.

11. Compressor ‘erosion occurs from ingestion of sand, dirt, dust, and other fine airborne contaminants.

12. The most frequent discrepancy found while inspecting the combustion section is ‘cracking

13. The inside of a gas turbine engine may be inspected with a ‘borescope (what instrument) without
disassembling the engine

14. Engine trimming consists of adjusting the engines ‘fuel control unit after replacement or when an
engine does not produce maximum thrust.

15. A water wash performed solely to remove salt deposits on compressor components of aircraft
operated over or near the ocean is known as ‘desalination

16. Compressor cleaning using abrasive grit is accomplished while the engine is _operating ( operating or
being motored by the starter).

1 7. The two methods used to remove dirt, salt and corrosion deposits from compressor components
are: a. fluid wash

b. abrasive grit blast

18.’ Jetcal Analyzer is the trade name for an EGT and rpm system test unit.

19. Monitoring performance and mechanical systems over time to provide an overview of engine
condition is called ‘trend analysis
20. Within certain limitations, the internal condition of an engine can be evaluated by the
‘spectrometric analysis of lubricating oil samples.

Chapter 5

Section B

Question

1. In a _____ _ duct air velocity decreases and air pressure ______ _

2. The air entering the first stage of compression on a supersonic airplane must be at a speed below

3. In flight, the forward motion of the aircraft produces an increase in intake air pressure known as the
4. The inlet for a turbofan is similar in design to that for a turbojet except that it discharges only a
portion of its air into the engine, the remainder passes through the ______ _

5. Supersonic inlet ducts must be designed to operate in three speed modes: a.

b. C.

6. Supersonic aircraft will use a ______________ (what shape) inlet duct.

7. The inlet duct on a subsonic turbojet powered aircraft is a form of (converging or diverging) duct.

8. When turbine engines are calibrated on a test stand, a (what shape) inlet is typically installed.

9. Helicopter operations may require the use of a on the inlet of the engine.

Answer

1. divergent, increases

2. Mach 1

3. Ram Effect

4. fan 5.a. Subsonic

b. Transsonic

c. Supersonic

6. converging diverging

7. diverging
8. bellmouth

9. particle separator

Chapter 6

Section B

Question

1. A greater amount of thrust can be obtained from a turbojet engine if the exhaust gases are
discharged from the aircraft at a velocity___ (higher or lower) than that at the turbine outlet.

2. Subsonic engines will use a _______ (converging or C-D) jet nozzle.

3. A ________ (what shape) tail pipe is used on most subsonic aircraft.

4. Supersonic aircraft utilize a ______________ _ (what shape) type of tail pipe.

5. Turboprop exhaust gases provide _______ _ (increased or very little) additional thrust.

6. The three functions of thrust reversers are: a.

b.

c.

7. A thrust reverser system can provide about ___ % of the total braking force under normal
conditions.

8. There are two types of thrust reversers; ____ blockage and _____ blockage.

9. High bypass turbojets frequently use only _____ stream air for reverse thrust.

10. Unmixed exhaust turbofan engines may have both _____ stream and _____ stream reversers.

11. Some high bypass engines may only have ____ (hot or cold) stream reversing.

12. Older engine installations may have ______ retrofitted in order to reduce noise to acceptable levels.

13. The noise generated by a turbofan is ___ (greater or less) than that generated by a turbojet.

Answer

1. lower

2. converging

3. covergent

4. converging diverging

5. very little
6. a. Aid in braking and direc tional control during normal landing and reduce brake maintenance.

b. Provide braking and direc tional control during emer gency landings and balked
takeoffs.

c. Back an aircraft out of a parking spot. 7. 20 8. mechanical, aerodynamic 9. cold

10. hot, cold

11. cold

12. hush kits

13. greater

Chapter 7

Saction C

Questions

1. Two conditions that the fuel control for a turbine engine must prevent are:

a.

b.

2. A turbine engine fuel control meters the fue l by _________ (weight or volume).

3. The three types of turbine fuel currently in use are: a.

b.

C.

4. The (what device) in a turbine engine fuel control shuts off all flow of fuel to the nozzles when the
engine is to be stopped.

5. The fuel control on a Rolls-Royce RB-211 engine operates on a _ ____ ____ _ (hydromechanical or
electronic) schedule until near full engine power.

6. Full Authority Digital Engine Controls (FADEC) replace with electronics most of the ______ and ___
_ ___ elements found in other fuel controls.

7. The two basic types of fuel nozzles used in turbine engines are: a.

b.
8. The type of atomizing nozzle that provides a single spray pattern is known as a ________ nozzle. 9.

The two types of duplex fuel nozzles are a.

b.

[Link]~~~~~- (what type) fuel nozzle causes the fuel/air mixture to vaporize before it exits the nozzle.

11. Rather than using a flow divider in each fuel nozzle, some engines use a single _______ valve
which acts as a flow divider.

12. Manifold dumping is a procedure which sharply cuts off combustion and also prevents fuel as a
result of residual engine heat.

13. The term used to describe idle speed and maximum thrust adjustments made to a turbine
engine fuel control is ______ _ 1

4. Most manufacturers recommend that all fuel control adjustments be made in the _______ (increase
or decrease) direction.

15. If the (what term) is correct, the fuel control will reach its internal stop before the cockpit quadrant
reaches its forward stop.

Answer

1. a. Lean die-out

b. Rich blow-out

2. volume

3. a. Hydromechanical b. Electronic c. Hydro-pneumatic

4. shutoff valve

5. hydromechanical

6. hydromechanical, pneumatic 7. a. Atomizing

b. Vaporizing

8. simplex 9.

a. Single line

b. Dual line

10. vaporizing

11. pressurizing and dump

12. boiling
13. trimming

14. decrease

15. springback

Chapter 9

Section C

Questions

1. Oil consumption in turbine engines is (lower or higher) than that in reciprocating engines.

2. Most turbine engines use (what type) lubricating oil.

3. Most gas turbine engines for aircraft use a (wet- or dry-) sump oil system.

4. Turbine engine oil tanks must have an expansion space of ___ % or 0.5 gallon, whichever is greater.

5. Two methods of determining the amount of oil in a dry-sump system oil tank are:

a.

b.

6. Three types of oil pumps used with turbine engines are:

a.

b.

C.

7. The gerotor pump is considered a ___(positive or variable) displacement pump.

8. One micron= inch. 9. Three types of main system oil filters used with turbine engines are:

a.

b.

C.

10. Fine mesh screens called __________ filters strain the oil just before it is sprayed onto the bearing
surfaces of a turbine engine.

11. Check valves in the oil supply lines prevent accumulations of oil in the (what area) of the engine
while the engine is not operating.

12. The cockpit oil pressure gauge measures the pressure (upstream or downstream) of the main oil
filter.
13. The location of the oil temperature sensor in a turbine engine ___ (does or does not) make a
significant difference in readings.

14. If the oil cooler is located in the pressure subsystem of a gas turbine engine, the engine uses a ___
(hot or cold) tank lubrication system.

15. Two types of oil coolers used with aircraft gas turbine engines are: a.

b.

16. If turbine oil is observed to be dark brown or blackish with little or no contaminants present, it is
probably caused by a chemical reaction to _____ _

17. Oil pressure adjustments on turbine engines are usually made while the engine is ____ _ (idling or at
75% rated thrust).

18. The scavenge subsystem will have a (greater or less) capacity than the pressure subsystem.

19. Magnetic chip detectors are usually found in the (pressure or scavenge) subsystem of a gas turbine
engine.

20. The Electric Pulsed Chip Detector (can or cannot) discriminate between small wear particles and
larger particles.

Answer

1. lower

2. synthetic

3. dry

4. 10

5. a. Sight gauge

b. Dipstick

6. a. Vane

b. Gear

c. Gerotor 7. positive

8 .. 000039 Answers 9. a.

Disposable paper or fiber

b. Cleanable screen

c. Screen and disc type 10. last chance

11. accessory gearbox

13. does

14. hot

15. a. fuel/ oil b. air/oil

16. heat

17. idling

18. greater

19. scavenge

20. cannot