Design Module = Retaining Wall(Limit State Design
Method)
Country Code = Indian
Job Name = Retaining wall
_______________________________________________
Input Pages Report
Options Data
Item Value Unit
Stem Profile Variable thickness in toe
Control Size based on User Input
[Link] 2
[Link] 1.5
Water Table Not Considered
Passive Pressure Yes
Vert [Link] active earth Use
pressure
Geometry Data
1
Item Value Unit
Wall Height 3 m
Base Width 3 m
Base Thickness. 0.3 m
Stem Top Thickness. 0.2 m
Toe slab to Base width ratio 0.2
Stem Bottom Thickness. 0.3 m
Water Table Height 1 m
Unit Weight of Water 0 kg/m3
Soil Condition
Item Value Unit
Angle of internal friction 30
Unit [Link] soil 1800 kg/m3
Gross [Link] 100 kN/m2
Friction Coefficient 0.5
Depth of Soil (Passive) 2.5 m
Unit [Link] soil(Passive) 1800 kg/m3
Angle of internal 30
friction(Passive)
Factor of Safety(Passive) 0.5
2
Surcharge Pressure
Item Value Unit
Surcharge Pressure 30 kN/m2
Surcharge Angle 16
Whether Shear Key provided No
Shear Key Depth 0.3 m
Shear Key Width 0.3 m
FOS for PP in [Link] 0.5
Calculation
Coeff. of friction btwn. soil & 0.4
soil
Material Properties
Item Value Unit
Fc M20
Fy Fe 415
Unit Weight of Concrete 2500 kg/m3
Reinforcement Details
Item Value Unit
3
Clear Cover 0.05 m
Min. % of Reinforcement 0.12
Load Factor 1.5
Dia of Main Reinf(Heel) 16
Dia of Main Reinf(Toe) 16
Dia of Main Reinf(Stem) 16
Dia of Distb Reinf(Heel) 12
Dia of Distb Reinf(Toe) 12
Dia of Distb Reinf(Stem) 12
Min. Allowable Spacing 0.05 m
Max. Allowable Spacing 0.25 m
Shear Consideration Increase Steel %
Main Steel % (Heel) 0
Main Steel % (Toe) 0
Main Steel % (Stem) 0
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Calculation Sheet Report
DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Design Parameters
Height of Retaining wall (H) = 3000.000 mm
Thickness of base (Tb) = 300.000 mm
Thickness of stem at top (Tst) = 200.000 mm
Unit weight of concrete (c) = 24.465 kN/cubic m
Unit weight of soil on Heel slab (s) = 17.615 kN/cubic m
Angle of internal friction for soil on heel (a) = 30.0 0
Depth of soil on toe side from top of wall (Hp) = 2500.000 mm
Unit weight of soil on Toe slab(p) = 17.615 kN/cubic m
Angle of internal friction of Toe soil (p) = 30.0 0
Factor of Safety against Passive Pressure (FOS) = 0.500
Surcharge Angle ( ) = 16.0 0
Surcharge Pressure (Ps) = 0.030 N/sq.m
Coeff of friction between soil and base slab ( ) = 0.500
Characteristic strength of concrete (fck) = 20 N/[Link]
Characteristic strength of steel (fy) = 415 N/[Link]
Load Factor (k) = 1.500
Clear Cover to main reinforcement (Cc) = 50.000 mm
Minimum percentage of reinforcement (Ptmin) = 0.120 %
5
Dia of main reinforcement in heel slab ( 1 ) = 16.000 mm
Dia of main reinforcement in Toe slab ( 2 ) = 16.000 mm
Dia of main reinforcement in stem ( 3 ) = 16.000 mm
Dia of Distribution Reinf in Heel slab ( d1 ) = 12.000 mm
Dia of Distribution Reinf in Toe slab ( d2 ) = 12.000 mm
Dia of Distribution Reinf in Stem ( d3 ) = 12.000 mm
Minimum allowable spacing (Smin) = 50.000 m
Maximum allowable spacing (Smax) = 250.000 m
Stability check
Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure (Ka) = 0.379
Coefficient of Passive Earth Pressure (Kp) = 3.000
Ratio of Toe slab width to Base width ( ) = 0.200
Base width of Retaining wall (B) = 3000.000 mm
Thickness of stem at bottom(Tsb) = 300.000 mm
Width of Toe slab (Bt) = x B = 600.000 mm
Width of Heel slab (Bh) = B - Bt - Tsb = 2100.000 mm
Total Active Earth Force on Retaining wall = 43.363 N
Total Passive Earth Force on Retaining wall = 3.303 N
Total Lateral Force due to Surcharge = 41.004 N
Net moment due to horizontal component of earth pressure (Mh) = -120489.258 N mm
Net moment due to vertical component of earth pressure (Mv) = 69763.533 N mm
Total Weight (W) = 214.824 N
Total Moment about Toe (M) = 339036.072 N mm
Overturning Moment (Mo) = 121039.724 N mm
Restoring Moment (Mr) = 460075.797 N mm
eccentricity from toe end (Xa) = 1424.052 mm
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eccentricity from centre (e) = B/2 - Xa = 75.948 mm
e < = B/6 So Tension doesn't occur. Hence OK
Factor of safety against overturning (Fso) = Mr/Mo = 3.801
Fso > = FSOvt So safe against overturning
Factor of safety against sliding (Fss) = 1.509
Fss > Fsslide So safe against sliding
Pressure Distribution
Maximum Bearing Pressure (Pmax) = 91.414 kN/sq.m
Minimum Bearing Pressure (Pmin)= 67.305 kN/sq.m
Pmax < Bearing capacity of soil So OK
Design of heel slab
Moment about face of stem (Mhc) = 45597.729 N mm
Shear at face of stem (Vhc) = 33.696 N
Factored Moment (Mhcu) = K x Mhc = 68396.593 N mm
Factored shear (Vhcu) = K x Vhc = 50.544 N
Effective depth of Heel slab (dH) = Tb - Cc - 1 /2 = 242.000 mm
Limiting moment(Mu,lim) = 161593.912 N mm
Mu,lim > Mhcu So a single reinforced section would suffice. Hence OK.
Area of steel required in Heel (Ast1) = 843.860 [Link]
C/S area of main steel bar (A 1 ) x 1 2 /4.0 = 201.143 [Link]
Spacing of main reinf required (S1 required) = b x A 1 /Ast1 = 238.361 mm
Spacing of main reinf provided (S1 provided) minimum (3 x dH ,450,Smax,S1required)= 235.000
mm
Area of steel provided in Heel(Ast1_prov) = b x A 1 /S1 = 855.927 [Link]
Percentage of steel provided (Pth) = 100 x Ast1_prov/(b x dH) = 0.354 %
Distribution steel area in Heel (Astd1) = Ptmin x b x dH/100 = 0.290 [Link]
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C/S area of distribution steel bar (A d1 ) x d1 2 /4.0 = 113.143 mm
Spacing of distribution steel required (Sd1 required) = b x A d1 /Astd1 = 389.610 mm
Spacing of distribution steel provided (Sd1 provided) minimum(450,5 x dH,Sd1required) = 300.000
mm
Developed shear stress ( hc,dev ) = Vhcu/(b x dH) = 0.209 N/[Link]
Maximum allowable Shear stress ( c,max ) = 2.800 N/[Link]
hc,dev < c,max So the section provided is OK.
Shear strength (c1 ) = 0.416 N/[Link]
Developed Shear stress ( hc,dev ) is less than allowable Shear stress ( c,1 ) Hence OK
Design of toe slab
Moment about face of stem (Mtc) = 14209.915 N mm
Shear at face of stem (Vtc) = 46.884 N
Factored Moment (Mtcu) = k x Mtc = 21314.872 N mm
Factored Shear (Vtcu) = k x Vtc = 70.326 N
Effective depth of toe slab (dT) = Tb - Cc - 2 /2 = 242.000 mm
Limiting moment (Mu,lim) = 161593.912 N mm
Mu,lim > Mtcu So a singly reinforced section would suffice. Hence OK.
Area of steel required in Toe (Ast2) = 249.278 [Link]
C/S area of main steel bar (A 2 ) = x 2 2 /4.0 = 201.143 [Link]
Spacing of main reinf required (S2 required) = b x A 2 /Ast2 = 692.641 mm
Spacing of main reinf provided (S2 provided) minimum(3 x dT ,450,Smax,S2required)= 250.000
mm
Area of steel provided in Toe (Ast2_prov) = b x A 2 /S2 = 804.571 [Link]
Percentage of steel provided (Ptt) = 100 x Ast2_prov/(b x dT) = 0.332 %
Distribution steel area in Toe (Astd2) = Ptmin x b x dT/100 = 0.290 [Link]
C/S area of distribution steel bar (A d2 ) x d2 2 /4.0 = 113.143 [Link]
Spacing of distribution steel required (Sd2 required) = b x A d2 /Astd2 = 389.610 mm
8
Spacing of distribution steel provided (Sd2 provided) minimum(5 x dT,450,Sd2required) = 300.000
mm
Developed shear stress ( tc,dev ) = Vtcu/(b x dT) = 0.291 N/[Link]
Maximum allowable Shear stress ( c,max ) = 2.800 N/[Link]
tc,dev < c,max So the section provided is OK.
Shear strength ( c2 ) = 0.405 N/[Link]
Developed Shear stress ( tc,dev ) is less than allowable Shear stress ( c,2 ) Hence OK.
Design of stem
Moment about base of stem (Msc) = 60960.595 N mm
Shear at stem base (Vsc) = 52.962 N
Factored moment (Mscu) = k x Msc = 91440.893 N mm
Factored Shear (Vscu) = k x Vsc = 79.443 N
Effective depth of stem (ds) = Tsb - Cc - 3 /2 = 242.000 mm
Limiting moment (Mu,lim) = 161593.912 N mm
Mu,lim > Mscu So a single reinforced sectionwould suffice. Hence OK.
Area of main steel required in stem (Ast3) = 1162.399 [Link]
C/S area of main steel bar (A 3 ) x 3 2 /4.0 = 201.143 mm
Spacing of main reinf required (S3 required) = b x A 3 /Ast3 = 173.041 mm
Spacing of main reinf provided (S3 provided) minimum(3 x dS,450,Smax,S3required) = 170.000
mm
Area of steel provided in stem (Ast3_prov) = b x A 3 /S3 = 1183.193 [Link]
Percentage of steel provided (Pts) = 100 x Ast3_prov/(b x ds) = 0.489 %
Distribution steel area in stem (Astd3) = Ptmin x b x ds/100 = 0.230 [Link]
C/S area of distribution steel bar (A d3 ) x d3 2 /4.0 = 113.143 [Link]
Spacing of distribution steel required (Sd3 required) = b x A d3 /Astd3 = 491.071 mm
Spacing of distribution steel provided (Sd3 provided) minimum(5 x ds,450,Sd3required) = 300.000
mm
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Developed shear stress ( sc,dev ) = Vscu/(b x ds) = 0.328 N/[Link]
Maximum allowable Shear stress ( c,max ) = 2.800 N/[Link]
sc,dev < c,max So the section provided is OK.
Shear strength ( c3 ) = 0.474 N/[Link]
Developed Shear stress ( sc,dev ) is less than allowable Shear stress ( c,3 ) Hence OK.
Calculation of Concrete Quantity
Quantity of concrete per metre length = 1.665 m3
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