1. (a).
If a girl has blood type O what could be the genotype (and corresponding phenotype) of her
parents? (b). If a girl has blood type B and her mother has blood type A, what could be the
genotype (and corresponding phenotype) of her father?
2. You do a cross between two true-breeding strains of zucchini. One has green fruit and the other
has yellow fruit. The F1 plants are all green, but when these are crossed, the F2 plants consist of 9
green and 7 yellow. Indicate the phenotype, with frequencies, of the progeny of a test cross of the
F1 plants.
3. A recessive mutant allele, black, causes a very dark body in Drosophila melanogaster when
homozygous. The normal wild-type color is described as gray. What F1 phenotypic ratio is
predicted when a black female is crossed to a gray male whose father was black?
4. If two parents, both heterozygous carriers of the autosomal recessive gene causing cystic fibrosis,
have five children, what is the probability that exactly three will be normal?
5. Mendel crossed peas having round seeds (use symbol: R) and yellow cotyledons (use symbol: Y)
with peas having wrinkled seeds (use symbol: r) and green cotyledons (use symbol: y). All the F1
plants had round seeds with yellow cotyledons. Determine the genotypes of the parental plants
involved in the crosses shown here by analyzing the phenotypes of their offspring.
6. How many different types of gametes can be formed by individuals of the following genotypes:
(a) AaBb, (b) AaBB, (c) AaBaCc, (d) AaBBcc, e) AaBbcc, and (f) AaBbCcDdEe? What are the
gametes in each case?
7. Matings between black rats of identical genotype produced offspring as follows: 14 cream
coloured, 47 black, and 19 albinos. (Use B for black allele and b for albino allele)
(a) What epistatic ratio is approximated by these offspring?
(b) What are the genotypes of the parents and the offspring?
8. You picked up two mice (one female and one male) that had clearly escaped from experimental
cages in the animal facility. One mouse is yellow in color and the other is brown agouti. You
happen to know that this mouse facility has different alleles at only three coat color genes: the
agouti (A) or non-agouti (a) or yellow alleles (AY) of the A gene {AY dominant to A and a; A
dominant to a}, the black (B) or brown allele (b) of the B gene {B dominant to b}, and the albino
(c) or non-albino (C) alleles of the C gene {C dominant to c}. The C gene exhibits recessive
epistasis to B and A {i.e., cc homozygotes mask the phenotype of B and A}. However, you don’t
know which of these alleles are present in each of the animals that you’ve captured. To determine
the genotypes, you breed the animals. The first litter has only three pups. One is albino, one is
brown (non-agouti) and the third is black agouti.
(a). What alleles of the A, B, and C genes are present in the two mice you caught?
(b). After raising several litters from these two parents, you have many offspring. How many coat
color phenotypes (in total) do you expect to see expressed in the population of offspring? What
are the phenotypes?
9. A plant of the genus Capsella, commonly called "shepherd's purse," produces a seed capsule, the
shape of which is controlled by two independently assorting genes, represented by symbols A and
B. When dihybrid plants were interpollinated, 6% of the progeny were found to possess ovoid
shaped seed capsules. The other 94% of the progeny had triangular-shaped seed capsules.
(a) What two-facer epistatic ratio is approximated by the progeny?
(b) What is the genotype of the ovoid-shaped seed capsules
10. Coat colours of dogs depend upon the action of at least two genes. At one locus a dominant
epistatic inhibitor of coat colour pigment (I-) prevents the expression of colour alleles at another
independently assorting locus, producing white coat colour. When the recessive condition exists
at the inhibitor locus (ii), the alleles of the hypostatic locus may be expressed, iiB- producing
black and iibb producing brown. When dihybrid white dogs are mated together, determine
(a) the phenotypic proportions expected in the progeny,
(b) the chance of choosing, from among the white progeny, a genotype that is homozygous at
both loci.