International Technical Rescue Association

994 Old Eagle School Rd. Ste 1019

Wayne, PA 19087, USA
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Rope Rescue Syllabus

Approved: 2024-11-18
 Purpose and Scope

The purpose of this document is to provide clear guidance and establish minimum
standards for ITRA Rope Rescue levels. While techniques, procedures, styles, and
components may vary between courses and instructors, the goal of the rope discipline is
not to prescribe a single method. Instead, it aims to set a foundational standard for the
knowledge and skills expected at each level.

Course Information
● Name: ITRA Rope Rescue Level 1
● Typical Length: 3-5 days

● Name: ITRA Rope Rescue Level 2

● Typical Length: 4-6 days

● Name: ITRA Rope Rescue Level 3

● Typical Length: 4-7 days

Level Descriptions
Level 1 technicians are expected to be able to perform as part of a team on sloped terrain,
with a non-ambulatory, litter-bound patient at a beginner level. The focus is on basic
personal high-angle skills with team-based slope rescue skills.
Level 2 technicians are expected to be able to perform as part of a team in a vertical
environment with a non-ambulatory, litter-bound patient at an intermediate level. The focus
is on advanced personal high-angle skills and team-based vertical rescue skills.
Level 3 technicians are responsible for a litter-bound patient moving in horizontal or
diagonal directions in free hanging space at an advanced level. The focus is on greater
situational awareness, supervision of complex rope rescue techniques, and the dynamic
nature of technical rope rescue.

Requirements
● Comfortable at heights
● Physical fitness and health to perform vigorous activities which may be required
during the assessment such as:
o Carry equipment and move through various environments based on the focus
of the rope rescue industry. (wilderness/mountain/industrial/caving/tactical
etc)
o Ascend and descend a rope with equipment.
o Carry the weight of a standard load, as part of a team, in a litter as required.
● Disclosure of any medical issues to your instructor(s) and/or assessor(s).
● Instructors and assessors may have their own requirements, often based on
insurance requirements and liability, to be eligible for courses and assessments, such
as minimum age requirements and medical conditions.

● Level 1: No prior knowledge or experience in rope rescue is required

● Level 2: ITRA level 1 qualification or equivalent.
 ● Level 3: ITRA level 1 & 2 qualifications or equivalent.
o Please refer to the Rope Rescue Sub-Charter for additional Technician
Guidance.

Materials and Resources

Specific resources shall be provided by your ITRA instructor based on the industry of rope
rescue you work in. (industrial/mountain/caving/tactical etc…)
Resources listed below are examples of references used by the ITRA rope rescue discipline.
This is not an exhaustive list.

● NPS Technical Rescue Handbook 12th edition

● Rope lab Physics for roping technicians
● International Technical Rescue Symposium
● [Link]
● [Link]
● EMBC Rope Rescue Summary Report 2016
● [Link]
● CMC Field Guide - Rope Rescue Technician Manual 6th Edition
o Apple Store
o Google Play
● Petzl Technical Notices

Learning outcomes, competencies, and expectations

Having a consistent international standard of competency helps rope rescue technicians
work safely and effectively. Rope rescue is a constantly evolving field, with many factors
affecting how a rescue is carried out. ITRA doesn't require specific techniques or equipment
but instead provides guidance, sets expectations, and outlines minimum standards.

Example: Different teams may use varying communication

methods, but under guidance in the Syllabus, all Level 1
technicians are to be trained in at least one effective
communication system and understand the underlying principles.

Each ITRA instructor brings their own unique style, preferences, and expertise, contributing
to the overall training experience.
 Rope Rescue Syllabuses

Rope Rescue Level 1 Syllabus

General Knowledge

100 General Introduction to ITRA

Rope Knowledge

#2101 Rope Structure & Organization of Rope Rescue Operations

#294 Rope Rope rescue medical considerations
#2102 Rope Basic rope rescue physics
#2103 Rope Basic understanding of rope rescue systems
#257 Rope Safety systems and protocols for rope rescue
#111 Rope Basic equipment for rope rescue
#254 Rope Rope rescue hazard identification and management
#175 Rope Rescue communications
#110-K Rope Rescue knots
#113-K Rope Mechanical Advantage

Rope Skills

110 Rope Rescue Knots

113 Rope Mechanical Advantage Rigging
220 Rope Independent Belay
258 Rope Protection of Rope Systems
259 Rope Single-Point Anchors
260 Rope Multi-Point Anchors
261 Rope Edge lines
262 Rope On-Rope Ascending
263 Rope On-Rope Descending
273 Rope On-Rope Change Over: Ascending to Descending
272 Rope On-Rope Change Over: Descending to Ascending
264 Rope On-Rope Self-Rescue
269 Rope Patient Packaging
270 Rope Litter Rigging: Inclined Slope
284 Rope Litter Attendant Rigging: Inclined Slope
265 Rope Lowering System: Inclined Slope
266 Rope Raising System: Inclined Slope
 Rope Rescue Level 2 Syllabus

Rope Knowledge

289 Rope Intermediate Rope rescue physics

290 Rope Rope rescue system analysis
379 Rope Rigging contingency planning
311 Rope Vehicle Anchors
315 Rope Load Release Hitches
501 Rope Alternative anchor systems
2201 Rope Adv Mechanical Advantage Systems
2202 Rope Pre-rigged pulley system
2203 Rope Back ties & guy lines
300-K Rope Litter edge transitions

Rope Skills

267 Rope Lowering System: Vertical Environment

268 Rope Raising System: Vertical Environment
271 Rope Litter Rigging: Vertical Environment
274 Rope On-Rope Ascending: Knot Pass
275 Rope On-Rope Descending: Knot Pass
277 Rope Raising System: Knot Pass
278 Rope Lowering System: Knot Pass
281 Rope Artificial High Directional: Basic
285 Rope Litter Attendant Rigging: Vertical Environment
286 Rope Lowering to Raising System
287 Rope Raising to Lowering System
291 Rope Pick-Off Rescue: Unsuspended Patient
300 Rope Litter Edge Transition
316 Rope Improvised Harness
295 Rope Retrievable system
293 Rope Difficult Edge: Descending
280 Rope Difficult Edge: Ascending
380 Rope Team-based Pick-Off: Suspended
 Rope Rescue Level 3 Syllabus

Rope Knowledge

288 Rope Advanced Rope Rescue Physics

2301 Rope Skate Blocks
2302 Rope Advanced Anchors
2303 Rope Awareness of Regulatory Bodies & Standards
2304 Rope Advanced High-Directional Techniques

Rope Skills

282 Rope Highline: Transport

283 Rope Highline: English Reeve
373 Rope Highline with Norwegian Reeve
378 Rope Cross Haul
292 Rope Pick-Off Rescue: Suspended Victim
305 Rope On-Rope Line Transfer
312 Rope On-Rope Re-Anchor: Descent
338 Rope On-Rope Re-Anchor: Ascent
339 Rope Guiding Line Offset
368 Rope Artificial High Directional: Advanced
369 Rope Breaking Into A Fixed Rope
 Knowledge & Skills Overview
Instructors have the freedom to teach knowledge topics in various ways. They may use
manuals, presentations, videos, lectures, hands-on practice, or demonstrations. Every topic
in this syllabus can be tested during an assessment, through a workbook, or on a written
exam.

● Instructors may teach additional or higher-level topics beyond a current level or not
listed in the syllabus. Such things shall not be tested during an ITRA assessment.
● Techniques for skill-based tasks may vary (e.g., using a munter hitch with a backup vs.
a clutch or maestro device). Guidance for these tasks is provided in level-specific
PSCs to ensure safe practices while allowing stylistic preferences.

PSC Overview

Performance: The required task that must be performed.

Standard: The expectations of how that task should be performed.
Conditions: The various criteria to perform the task.
Comments: Additional information relating to the task.

Definitions and additional information for document terms in bold text can be found
in the ITRA Rope Rescue Terms and Definitions & Rope Rescue Safety Standards

Assessor Guidance
Information on assessments can be found in the ITRA Assessment Charter and
ITRA Rope Rescue Sub-Charter.

Mountain Rescue Assessment

In order to obtain a mountain designation with qualification, this condition
must be met. May also have specific or general comments for performing this
task.
 Level 1 Knowledge

#100 Introduction to ITRA

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● ITRAs mission statement
● Worldwide representation and rescue disciplines
● ITRA Certification vs certificate of attendance

#111 Basic Equipment For Rope Rescue

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
Carabiners types and applications
● Multi-axis loading
● Cross loading
Equipment & Rope Pre-Use Inspections and safety checks
Gloves
Rescue Litters
● Relevance and use
Harnesses
● Types, proper fit, and use
● Patient vs rescuer
Helmets
Mechanical components
Prusiks
Rope grabs
Ropes
● Static vs Dynamic
● Accessory cordage
● Kernmantle
Soft materials
● Nylon
● Polyester
● Technora
● Dyneema
Slings
● Types and sizes
Webbing
● Types and sizing
#2101 Structure & Organization of Rope Rescue Operations
Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Local Response Protocols
● Zones of operations
● Team roles and responsibilities
● Obtaining safe access to a patient
● Stages and phases of a rescue
● SOPS & Best Practices
● Inter-agency Communication

#294 Rope rescue medical considerations

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Impact of medical decisions
○ Critical vs stable
● Rescuer considerations
○ Fatigue
○ Dehydration
○ Food
○ Rescue Rotation
● Suspension trauma
● Impending issues
○ Panic attacks
○ Nausea & Vertigo
○ Proper patient orientation (head upslope)
● Airway awareness
○ Ability to roll the patient
○ Management of vomiting
● Environmental

#2102 Basic rope rescue physics

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Kns, lbs, or kgs
● Minimum Breaking strengths (MBS)
● Safety factors
○ Static System Safety Factor (SSSF)
● Factor of Safet (FoS)
● Basic understanding of friction
○ Ropes in the environment
 ○ Ropes with components
Basic awareness of forces
● Basic static and dynamic forces
● Max Arresting Forces on a Slope (MAF)
● Basic angles and forces on anchor points
○ 0° to 120° degrees

#2103 Basic Understanding Of Rope Rescue Systems

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Redundancy, fail safes, backups and belays
● Awareness of single rope technique (SRT)
● Two rope systems
○ Separate Mainline and Belay Line
○ Twin tension systems (TTRS)
● Hands-free systems

#257 Safety protocols for rope rescue

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Safety checks
○ System checks
○ Buddy checks
● Safety roles and responsibility
● Zone Management
○ Safe zones
○ Hazard zones
● Factor of Safety (FoS) / Safety Factor (SF)

#254 Rope Rescue Hazard Identification And Management

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
Environmental Hazard
● Overhead hazards
● Sharp edges
● Weather considerations

Human Factors & Errors

● Rigging mistakes
● Training & competency
 Scene Management
● Environment considerations
● Humans

#175 Rope Rescue Communications

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Verbal
○ Closed loop communication
● Whistles
● Radio use
● Hand Signals

#110-K Rescue Knots

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
Basic understanding of estimated breaking strengths of textiles with knots
● Rope & accessory cord
● Webbing
Types of knots
● Hitches, Loops, Bends, and Termination knots, Friction Hitch,
● Variable Friction Hitch, Tensionless Hitch.

#113-K Mechanical Advantage Rigging

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● T method
● Theoretical mechanical advantage
● Simple mechanical advantage systems
○ 1,2,3,4,5:1

#259-K Single Point Anchors

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Basket
● Girth Hitch (choker)
#260-K Multi Point Anchors
Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Fixed leg multipoint anchor

#258-K Protection of Rope Systems

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Types and application of edge & rope protection
● (RAP) Remove Avoid Protect

#265-K & 266-K Raising & Lowering Systems: Inclined Slope

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Securing while not in use
● Working spaces
 Level 1 Skills
#110 Rescue Knots
Performance:
Correctly tie a knot from each of 6 categories.

Standard:
Tie one from each of the following categories.
1. End of rope Terminating Knot.
2. Bend joining two ropes together.
3. Midloop Knot in the middle of the rope.
4. Friction Hitch attached to another rope.
5. Variable Friction Hitch attached to a carabiner.
6. Tensionless Hitch.

Knots must be:

● Properly tied, dressed, and set.
● If required, tied with a tail of approximately 10 cm (4 inches).
● If required, tied with a safety knot. Knots requiring a safety knot
include the Bowline and Sheet Bend.

Recognized knots include:

1. Figure 8, Bowline, Poachers, Scaffold.
2. Double Fisherman, Flemish/Figure 8 Bend
3. Alpine Butterfly, In-Line Figure 8
4. 3-Wrap Prusik, Klemheist, Valdotain Tresse (VT), Schwabisch Hitch,
Distel Hitch
5. Munter/Italian Hitch
6. Tensionless Hitch

Conditions:

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.

Comments:
For the purposes of assessment, the knots listed are limited for safety reasons
and to ensure commonly utilized knots are used.

Additional knots may be used with prior arrangement.

#113 Mechanical Advantage Rigging
Performance:
Rig commonly used simple mechanical advantage systems.
● 2:1
● 3:1
● 4:1
● 5:1

Standard:
Systems must be:
● Rigged as a mechanical advantage and not a change of direction.
● Integrate a properly functioning progress capture ability.

Candidate must:
● Demonstrate the ability to tie or lock off the system if left unattended.

Conditions:
May be assessed in conjunction with other task items.

Assessor Guidance:
A suitable anchor point to rig off of and a cache of appropriate equipment and
rigging material will be available.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.

Comments:
#220 Independent Belay
Performance:
Rig and operate an independent belay.

Standard:
System must:
● Be able to arrest the fall of a standard load.

Candidate must:
● Operate the independent belay system during a lower or a raise for at
least 5 meters.
● Maintain less than 1 meter of slack in the system.
● Demonstrate the ability to rest the load, tie, or lock off the system.
o continue operation of the components after it has been at rest.

A minor discrepancy will be awarded for the following:

● More than 1 meter but less than 2 meters of rope slack in the rope
system.

A major discrepancy will be awarded for the following:

● More than 2 meters of slack in the rope system.

● Failure to be able to resume belaying after load has been at rest or
loaded unintentionally.

Conditions:
● Can be assessed in conjunction with other task items.
● May be performed on a flat ground, an inclined slope, or vertical
environment.
● The independent belay line may be tensioned, as long as the load is
primarily on the main line, or un-tensioned.

Assessor Guidance:
A suitable anchor point to rig off of and a cache of appropriate equipment and
rigging material will be available.

Techniques for facilitating this task can include:

1. The assessor or other volunteer rappelling on a single fixed line, while
the candidate operates an independent belay line.
2. The assessor lowers a suspended mass, while the candidate operates a
belay line attached to that same mass.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

● May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.
● Mechanical force-limiting devices are not allowed.
Comments:

The intention of this task is to have the candidate demonstrate the ability to
properly belay a standard load or rescue load not using a mirrored or
twin-tensioned system. This way the candidate has the skills necessary if a
device breaks or goes missing if they normally rely on a mirrored or
twin-tensioned typed system(s).
#258 Protection of Rope Systems
Performance:
Properly protect rope(s) at an edge in a vertical environment from potential
hazards.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Mitigate risks and protect the rope(s) from hazards.
o Use rope protection material(s)
o Properly tether protection materials to prevent unintended
movement.

Conditions:
Appropriate rope protection material will be provided.

Rope protection must remain in position once set and not shift to a position
where protection is no longer afforded.

Assessor Guidance:
May have students perform this task in conjunction with other tasks that are
not pre-rigged. The assessor may also rig a rope rescue system for them to
protect such as a fixed line, lowering system, or hauling system.

Hazard examples: Sharp edges, and high-friction points that may cause failure
of equipment/materials.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria.

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#259 Single-Point Anchors
Performance:
Build a single-point anchor off a fixed object.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Ensure the anchor, choice of hardware, and anchor-tying material can
support a rescue load.
● Create a master point extended approximately 1 meter away from the
fixed object.

Conditions:
An anchor location and material will be provided. Anchors, choice of
hardware, and specific anchor-tying material (such as rope, cordage, webbing,
and pre-sewn slings) may depend on local protocols.

If items such as cams, nuts, ice screws, or pickets are used for this task, the
candidate must still make a master point away from the fixed object. For
example, the placement of a single camming device does not suffice for the
completion of this task.

Assessor Guidance:
May have students perform this task in conjunction with other tasks that are
not pre-rigged. Anchors, choice of hardware, and anchor-tying material may
depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#260 Multi-Point Anchors
Performance:
Rig a multi-point anchor off fixed objects.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Ensure the anchor, choice of hardware, and anchor-tying material can
support a rescue load.
● Demonstrate the ability to create a master point in a specific location
specified by the assessor.
● Make a reasonable attempt to distribute tension in the legs of the
anchor.

Anchor system must:

● Not be lost if one leg of the system were to fail.
● Have no extension if one leg of the system were to fail.
● Be correctly focused on the expected direction of the load.
● Must be stronger or equal in strength to the weakest leg of the anchor.

Conditions:
An anchor location and material will be provided. A combination of equipment
& gear may be used as available.

Assessor Guidance:
May have students perform this task in conjunction with other tasks that are
not pre-rigged. Anchors, choice of hardware, and anchor-tying material may
depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#261 Edge lines
Performance:
Rig an edge line in an area or terrain that has a fall zone in a vertical
environment.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Protect their line/system with rope protection as necessary
● Must accomplish the following
o Fall Prevention
o Travel Restraint
● Allow for unhindered movement within the safe working area.
● Create a system that properly positions and has a termination for the
edge attendant to be in a fall zone but does not allow them to fall over
the edge.

System must:
● Be suitably strong and capable of restraining any anticipated force it
may see.

Conditions:
An anchor location and material will be provided. A combination of equipment
& gear may be used as available.

No more than 1 meter of slack may be introduced into the rope(s)/system

while attached in a fall zone.

Assessor Guidance:
May have students perform this task in conjunction with other tasks that are
not pre-rigged. Anchors, choice of hardware, and anchor-tying material may
depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#262 On-Rope Ascending
Performance:
Ascend a fixed rope in a vertical environment.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Safely rig an ascending system onto a fixed rope.
● Perform a function test to ensure the ascent device is rigged properly.
● Ascend a minimum of 5 meters in a controlled manner.
● Descend back down the same rope 1 meter without removing or
changing equipment.

Conditions:
● A fixed rope system will be made available. This rope system must be in
a vertical environment.
● Add catastrophe knots if required by local protocols/expectations.
● Not required to be in a free-hanging environment but can be.
● The movement of 1 meter back down on the ascending device(s) must
be performed without removing any equipment from the rope during
the maneuver.

Assessor Guidance:
May have students perform this task in conjunction with other tasks such as
#273 (Change over on-rope ascent to descent), #272 (Change over on-rope
descent to ascent), and #263 (Personal Descending).

Anchors, choice of hardware, and materials may depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.

Comments:
This may be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#263 On-Rope Descending
Performance:
Descend a fixed rope in a vertical environment.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Safely rig a descent device onto a fixed-line.
● Perform a function test to ensure the device is rigged properly.
● Descend a minimum of 5 meters in a controlled manner.
● Demonstrate stopping, locking/tying off the device they are using, and
temporarily go hands-free.

Conditions:
● A fixed rope system will be made available. This rope system must be in
a vertical environment.
● Add catastrophe knots if required by local protocols/expectations.
● Not required to be in a free-hanging environment but can be.

Assessor Guidance:
May have students perform this task in conjunction with other tasks such as
#273 (On-Rope Change Over Ascent to Descent), #272 (On-Rope Change Over
Descent to Ascent), and #262 (Personal Ascending).

Anchors, choice of hardware, and materials may depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#273 On-Rope Change Over: Ascend to Descend
Performance:
Change over from ascend mode to descend mode while on a fixed line in a
vertical environment.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Start from a suspended position on a rope system connected with an
appropriate ascent device.
● Change to an appropriate descending system.
● Add catastrophe knots if required by local protocols/expectations.
● Maintain two points of attachment onto the rope(s) at all times during
the changeover until a function test of the descent device is performed.

Conditions:
● A fixed rope system will be made available. This rope system must be in
a vertical environment.
● Not required to be in a free-hanging environment but can be.

Assessor Guidance:
May have students perform this task in conjunction with other tasks such as
#262 (Personal ascending), #272 (On-Rope Change Over Descent to Ascent),
and #263 (Personal Descending).

Anchors, choice of hardware, and materials may depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#272 On-Rope Change Over: Descend to Ascend
Performance:
Change over from descending mode to ascend mode while on a fixed line in a
vertical environment.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Start from a suspended position on a rope system connected with an
appropriate descent device.
● Change to an appropriate ascent device.
● Ascend a minimum of 1 meter.
● Add catastrophe knots if required by local protocols/expectations.
● Maintain two points of attachment onto the rope(s) at all times during
the changeover until a function test of the ascent device is performed.

Conditions:
● A fixed rope system will be made available. This rope system must be in
a vertical environment.
● Not required to be in a free-hanging environment but can be.

Assessor Guidance:
May have students perform this task in conjunction with other tasks such as
#273 (On-Rope Change Over Ascent to Descent), #263 (Personal Descending),
and #262 (Personal Ascending).

Anchors, choice of hardware, and materials may depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#264 On-Rope Self-Rescue
Performance:
Perform a self-rescue from an inoperable descent device.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Descend a fixed rope into a knot while remaining suspended off the
ground.
● Free the jammed descent device to allow removal of the knot.
● Remove the knot and continue descending.
● Maintain two points of attachment during the maneuver until the
device is cleared and a function test of the descent device is
performed.

Conditions:
● A fixed rope system will be made available. This rope system must be in
a vertical environment.
● Not required to be in a free-hanging environment but can be.

Assessor Guidance:
May have students perform this task in conjunction with other tasks such as
#263 (Personal Descending).

Anchors, choice of hardware, and materials may depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#269 Patient Packaging
Performance:
Package a patient into a litter.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Not cause additional injury as a result of their packaging techniques.
● Patient must be packaged in a manner where there is no possibility of
sliding out of the litter regardless of orientation.
● Minimize unwanted movement in the litter.

Conditions:
● A live patient, manikin, or similar humanoid-shaped object may be
used.
● An appropriate litter and packaging material will be provided.
● Manufactured and improvised rigging systems may be used.

Assessor Guidance:
The choice of litter and materials may depend on local protocols.

If there are questions about appropriate packaging the manufacturer's

documentation should be consulted as a minimum recommendation.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#270 Litter Rigging: Inclined Slope
Performance:
Rig and attach a litter to a rope rescue system for use on an inclined slope.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Appropriately connect the litter to the rope system.

Conditions:
● A cache of appropriate equipment and rigging material will be available.
● May be rigged on flat ground to demonstrate competency

Assessor Guidance:
The choice of litter and materials may depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#284 Litter Attendant Rigging: Inclined Slope
Performance:
Rig attendant attachment points for use with a litter on an inclined slope.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Rig secure attachment points for a minimum of 3 attendants.
● Rig attachment points in a manner that each rescuer can safely go
hands-free.
● Allow attendants to control excess movement to the litter.

Conditions:
● A cache of appropriate equipment and rigging material will be available.
● May be rigged on flat ground to demonstrate competency.
● Litter attachment points must be able to withstand a minimum force of
6 kN.
● Railings on metal basket litters (stokes litters) shall be considered
structural elements for the purposes of attachment points.

Assessor Guidance:
● The choice of litter and materials may depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#265 Lowering System: Inclined Slope
Performance:
Rig and operate a rope system to lower a standard load in an inclined sloped
environment.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Properly Rig a system to lower the load
● Demonstrate the ability to control a load, consisting of a litter with
attendant(s), during a lower on an inclined slope for at least 5 meters.
● Demonstrate the ability to safely go hands-free with the descent
device.
● If performed as part of a team exercise, the candidate must be the one
physically controlling the speed of the lowering.

System Must:
● Be able to arrest the fall of a standard load in instances such as failure
of a mainline, a slip, fall, and/or unexpected/undesired movement of
the rope.

Conditions:

● The task must be conducted by lowering a litter with attendant(s).

● Depending on the technique and rope system used, assistance may be
granted to manage part of the rope rescue system.
● A cache of appropriate equipment and rigging material will be available.

Assessor Guidance:
The choice of equipment and materials may depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#266 Raising System: Inclined Slope
Performance:
Rig and operate a rope system to raise a standard load in an inclined sloped
environment.

Standard:

Candidate must:
● Properly Rig a mechanical advantage system to raise the load
● Demonstrate the ability to control a load, consisting of a litter with
attendant(s), during a raise on an inclined slope of at least 5 meters.
● Demonstrate the ability to safely go hands-free with whatever
device/system they are using.
● If performed as part of a team exercise, the candidate must be the one
controlling the speed of the raising.

System Must:
● Be able to arrest the fall of a standard load in case of an undesired
event.

Conditions:
● The task must be conducted by raising a litter with attendant(s).
● Depending on the technique and rope system used, assistance may be
granted to manage part of the rope rescue system.
● A cache of appropriate equipment and rigging material will be available.

Assessor Guidance:
The choice of equipment and materials may depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
 Level 2 Knowledge

#289 Intermediate Rope Rescue Physics

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Fall Factor (FF)
● Max Arresting Force (MAF)
● Resultant and vector forces
● Change of direction forces & dynamic deflections
● Basic AHD resultant forces
● Dynamic Safety factor

#290 Rope Rescue System Analysis

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Anchors points
● The weakest point in a system
● FoS
● Estimated breaking strengths of knots
● Plan for recovery from a failed component

#379 Rigging Contingency Planning

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Releasable system to recover a person from a fixed-line.
● Non-intervention rescue

#311 Vehicle Anchors

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Safe and unsafe points on a standard vehicle
● Securing the vehicle (Chocking tires, Raising Hood, Removing Keys..)
● Acceptable components to use for anchor material(s)

#315 Load Releasing Hitches

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.
Knowledge:
● Munter mule overhand, radium release hitch, mariners or similar
● Construction and application

#501 Alternative Anchor Systems

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Rescue Picket/Ground Anchor Systems
● Deadman anchors
● Meat/Human Anchors

#2201 Adv Mechanical Advantage

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Compound & Complex MA systems
○ Compound: 6:1, 9:1
○ Complex 5:1, 9:1
● Ideal, Theoretical, & Actual MA

#2202 Pre-Rigged Pulley Systems

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Types and uses

#2203 Back ties & guy lines

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Use of and proper angle range
○ Back ties for anchor points
○ Guy lines for AHDs

#300-K Litter edge transition

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● High vs low attendant position
● Pike and pivot
 Level 2 Skills
#267 Lowering System: Vertical Environment
Performance:
Rig and operate a system to lower a standard load in a vertical environment.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Properly select and Rig a system to lower the load
● Demonstrate the ability to control the load in a litter during a lowering
in a vertical environment of at least 5 meters.
● Demonstrate the ability to safely go hands-free with the descent
device.
● If performed as part of a team exercise, the candidate must be the one
physically controlling the speed of the lowering.

System Must:
● Be able to arrest the fall of a rescue load in instances of an undesired
event.

Conditions:
● The task may be conducted by lowering another individual/candidate,
litter, or other suitable weight. The use of a rescue litter is not required.
● Depending on the technique and rope system used, assistance may be
granted to manage part of the rope rescue system.
● A single-rope or two-rope rescue system, such as single main and belay
or twin tension, may be used depending on local protocols,
expectations, and insurance.
● A cache of appropriate equipment and rigging material will be available.
● A high directional may be used.
● This task must be performed in a vertical environment

Assessor Guidance:
The choice of equipment and materials may depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.

This task does not supersede the Level 1 task #265.

#268 Raising System: Vertical Environment
Performance:
Rig and operate a system to raise a standard load in a vertical environment.

Standard:

Candidate must:
● Properly select and Rig a mechanical advantage system to raise the load
● Demonstrate the ability to raise the load in a vertical environment at
least 5 meters.
● Physically raise the load without additional assistance beyond the
mechanical advantage system.
● Demonstrate the ability to safely go hands-free with whatever
device/system they are using.
● If performed as part of a team exercise, the candidate must be the one
controlling the speed of the raising.

System Must:
● Be able to arrest the fall of a rescue load in instances of an undesired
event.

Conditions:

● The task may be conducted by raising another individual/candidate,

litter, or other suitable weight. The use of a rescue litter is not required.
● Depending on the technique and rope system used, assistance may be
granted to manage part of the rope rescue system.
● A single-rope or two-rope rescue system, such as single main and belay
or twin tension, may be used depending on local protocols,
expectations, and insurance.
● A cache of appropriate equipment and rigging material will be available.
● A high directional may be used.
● This task must be performed in a vertical environment

Assessor Guidance:
The choice of equipment and materials may depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.

This task does not supersede the Level 1 task #266.

#271 Litter Rigging: Vertical Environment
Performance:
Rig/Attach a litter into a rope rescue system for use in a vertical environment.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Appropriately connect the litter to the rope system.

Conditions:
● Rigging orientation will be determined by the assessor.
● A cache of appropriate equipment and rigging material will be available.
● May be rigged on flat ground to demonstrate competency
● A single-rope or two-rope rescue system, such as single main and belay
or twin tension, may be used depending on local protocols,
expectations, and insurance.

Assessor Guidance:
● The assessor shall notify the candidate of the preferred orientation,
vertical or horizontal before the assessment of the task begins.
● The choice of litter and materials may depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#274 On-Rope Ascending: Knot Pass
Performance:
Pass a knot while ascending a fixed rope in a vertical environment.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Safely rig an ascending system onto a fixed rope.
● Perform a function test to ensure the ascent device is rigged properly.
● Maintain two points of attachment onto the rope(s) at all times during
a knot pass or changeover until a function test of the ascent device is
performed.
● Ascend a minimum of 5 meters in a controlled manner.
o Pass a knot that is at least 4 meters above the ground
● Remain suspended off the ground, solely supported by the ropes while
passing the knot

Conditions:
● A fixed rope system will be made available.
● The rope system must be in a vertical environment.
● Not required to be in a free-hanging environment but can be.

Assessor Guidance:
● May have students perform this task in conjunction with other on-rope
skills.
● Anchors, choice of hardware, and materials may depend on local
protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.

Comments:
This may be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#275 On-Rope Descending: Knot Pass
Performance:
Pass a knot while descending a fixed rope in a vertical environment.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Safely rig a descent device onto a fixed rope.
● Perform a function test to ensure the descent device is rigged properly.
● Maintain two points of attachment onto the rope(s) at all times during
the knot pass or changeover until a function test of the descent device
is performed.
● Descend a minimum of 5 meters in a controlled manner.
▪ Pass a knot during their descent before they reach the ground.
● Remain suspended off the ground, solely supported by the ropes while
passing the knot

Conditions:
● A fixed rope system will be made available.
● The rope system must be in a vertical environment.
● Not required to be in a free-hanging environment but can be.

Assessor Guidance:
● May have students perform this task in conjunction with other on-rope
skills.
● Anchors, choice of hardware, and materials may depend on local
protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#277 Raising System: Knot Pass
Performance:
Pass a knot through a rope rescue system while raising a standard load.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Demonstrate the ability to pass a knot through a rope rescue system
that is being used to raise a load.
● Maintain no more than 1m of slack in the ropes during the knot pass.
● Maintain a standard load suspended solely by the ropes for the
duration of this task.
● Ensure no sudden drops or slips greater than 25cm during the knot
pass.
● Be the only one physically controlling the ropes.

System Must:
● Be able to arrest the fall of a rescue load in instances of an undesired
event.

Conditions:
● Single-rope or two-rope rescue systems may be used (such as a single
main + belay or TTRS).
● Knots will be at least 0.5m away from the device(s) but no more than
3m away from the device (s) to start the task.
● If a two-rope system is used, knots must be passed through both ropes.
● If a two-rope system is used, knots may be parallel to each other while
under tension.

Assessor Guidance:
The system will already be built for this task by the assessor or it can be
performed in conjunction with other tasks such as #267 & #268.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
#278 Lowering System: Knot Pass
Performance:
Pass a knot through a rope rescue system while lowering a standard load.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Demonstrate the ability to pass a knot through a rope rescue system
that is being used to lower a load.
● Maintain no more than 1m of slack in the ropes during the knot pass.
● Maintain a standard load suspended solely by the ropes for the
duration of this task.
● Ensure no sudden drops or slips greater than 25cm during the knot
pass.
● Be the only one physically controlling the ropes.

System Must:
● Be able to arrest the fall of a rescue load in instances of an undesired
event.

Conditions:
● A single-rope or two-rope rescue system, such as single main and belay
or twin tension, may be used depending on local protocols,
expectations, and insurance.
● Knots will be at least 0.5m away from the device(s) but no more than
3m away from the device (s) to start the task.
● If a two-rope system is used, knots must be passed through both ropes.
● If a two-rope system is used, knots may be parallel to each other while
under tension.

Assessor Guidance:
The system will already be built for this task by the assessor or it can be
performed in conjunction with other tasks such as #267 & #268.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
#281 Artificial High Directional: Basic
Performance:
Rig a three-leg (tripod) or four-leg (quadpod) Artificial High Directional (AHD).

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Properly rig a tripod or quadpod in a fall zone at an edge.
● Have their final resultant inside the footprint of the AHD
● Attach rope(s) for a raising or lowering system.

System must:
● Be suitably strong to support a rescue load.
● Be properly secured/back tied to prevent collapse of the AHD (if
needed).
● Remain stable when a load is raised or lowered.

Conditions:
● A single-rope or two-rope rescue system may be used.
● #368 may be used as a substitute for this task.
● For assessment purposes, a purpose-built manufactured AHD must be
used.

Assessor Guidance:
The choice of AHD design must be communicated with the team/candidates
prior to the start of the assessment.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#285 Litter Attendant Rigging: Vertical Environment
Performance:
Rig attendant attachment points for use with a litter in a vertical environment.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● remain connected to the rope system during a raise or lower in a
vertical environment.
● be able to maneuver the litter around any expected obstacles.
● be able to go hands-free safely.

Conditions:
● Litter orientation will be determined by the assessor.
● A cache of appropriate litter and rigging material will be available.
● May be rigged on flat ground, with the litter suspended slightly above
the ground, to demonstrate competency

Assessor Guidance:
● Assessor shall notify the candidate of the preferred orientation, vertical
or horizontal, before the learning objective assessment begins.
● The choice of litter and materials may depend on local protocols.
● A single-rope or two-rope rescue system, such as single main and belay
or twin tension, may be used depending on local protocols,
expectations, and insurance.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#286 Lowering to Raising System
Performance:
Demonstrate the ability to change a rope system from lowering to raising.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Convert a rope rescue system configured to perform lowering to a
raising system.
● Maintain a standard load suspended solely by the ropes for the
duration of this task.
● Maintain no more than 1m of slack in the system during the duration of
the task.
● Ensure no sudden drops or slips greater than 25cm

System Must:
● Be able to arrest the fall of a rescue load in instances of an undesired
event.

Conditions:
● One assistant may be provided to help with hauling or operating the
independent belay system as directed by the candidate.
● A single-rope or two-rope rescue system may be used.

Assessor Guidance:
● This task may be performed in conjunction with other tasks.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
#287 Raising to Lowering System
Performance:
Demonstrate the ability to change a rope system from raising to lowering.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Convert a rope rescue system configured to perform a raising to a
lowering system.
● Maintain a standard load suspended solely by the ropes for the
duration of this task.
● Maintain no more than 1m of slack in the system during the duration of
the task.
● Ensure no sudden drops or slips greater than 25cm

System Must:
● Be able to arrest the fall of a rescue load in instances of an undesired
event.

Conditions:
● One assistant may be provided to help with hauling or operating the
independent belay system as directed by the candidate.
● A single-rope or two-rope rescue system may be used.

Assessor Guidance:
● This task may be performed in conjunction with other tasks.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
#291 Pick-Off Rescue: Unsuspended Patient
Performance:
Perform a rescuer-based pickoff of an unsuspended and unsecured Patient.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Correctly identify the fall line and deploy a rope to access the patient.
● Approach a patient on a ledge or simulated ledge by ascending or
descending in a vertical environment
● Attach the unsecured Patient to the rope rescue system.
● Finishing the task by descending with the patient simultaneously to the
ground.

Patient criteria:
● Weight of a standard load
● May have a harness or attachment point pre-rigged and may be
secured to a separate rope system for safety.

Conditions:
● The Patient may be on a ledge between two vertical environments or
secured mid-wall of a vertical environment.
● The lower must be a distance of at least 5m in a vertical environment
from the pick-off point to the ground
● Candidates may not lower the patient independently from themselves,
they must go to the ground together.
● A single-rope or two-rope rescue system may be used.

Assessor Guidance:
● This task is to simulate an unsecured patient in a fall zone, such as stuck
on a cliff side.
● If the patient is initially secured, this should be done with a pre-rigged
releasable system which shall be released after the candidate secures
the patient.
● A harness may be worn by the patient at the beginning of the
assessment based on local guidelines, SOPS, and insurance
requirements.
● Fixed line(s) shall not be pre-rigged for the candidate.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
#300 Litter Edge Transition
Performance:
Negotiate a litter over an edge as part of a rope rescue operation in a vertical
environment.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Be connected to the rope rescue system.
● Control the litter so the patient remains protected from impact with
equipment, obstacles, or the edge.
● Ensure excess movement of the litter is controlled.
● The candidate being assessed shall be in control of the transition

Conditions:
● This task must be performed in a vertical environment.
● The weight of the litter must be equivalent to a standard load.
● May be during a lower or a raise.
● The use of a mechanical device, such as a powered haul or winch is
acceptable.
● Use of a high directional is recommended.
● A single-rope or two-rope rescue system, such as single main and belay
or twin tension, may be used.

Assessor Guidance:

A difficult edge is not required in order to streamline the assessment process

although performing a litter transition over a difficult edge is a recommended
skill for students to learn.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
#316 Improvised Harness
Performance:
Rig an improvised seat and chest or full-body harness.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Rig an improvised harness using cordage or webbing.
● Secure the harness so it cannot slip off with a shift in body position
● Explain the expected use/situations in which an improvised harness
would be used.

Conditions:
● The harness must not create an immediate medical issue such as
compressing the diaphragm or neck.
● The harness may be tied on either themselves, another candidate, or
on a manikin.
● Tubular webbing, sewn webbing/slings, or cordage may be used for this
task.

Assessor Guidance:
● If an improvised harness is used during a scenario, steps must be taken
to limit suspension time in order to prevent medical issues.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

May be assessed in a manmade environment/indoors.

Comments:

For safety reasons, it is not recommended that improvised harnesses are used
during the assessment of other learning objectives.
#295 Retrievable System
Performance:
Rig a fixed line(s) and system that can be retrieved remotely.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Be able to retrieve all components of the system remotely.
● Explain the dangers involved with the chosen system and actions taken
to mitigate the potential dangers.

System must:
● Ropes must be protected at the anchor point with additional
components.
● Ropes must not be in direct contact with the anchor.
● If a two rope system is used, both lines must be rigged independently.

Conditions:
● Failure to account for potential dangers which can result in a premature
release of the rope shall constitute a failure to perform the task.

Assessor Guidance:
N/A

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
N/A
#280 Difficult Edge: Descending
Performance:
Descend over a difficult edge without the use of a high anchor point.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Transition over a difficult edge while beginning a descent.

System must:
● The rope(s) must be anchored so they lay parallel to the ground.
● No high directional, deviation, vector or other method of suspending
the ropes may be used.

Conditions:
● A fixed rope system will be made available. This rope system must be in
a vertical environment.

Assessor Guidance:
N/A

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May have students perform this task in conjunction with other tasks
#293 Difficult Edge: Ascending
Performance:
Ascend over a difficult edge without the use of a high anchor point.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Transition over a difficult edge while ascending.

System must:
● The rope(s) must be anchored so they lay parallel to the ground.
● No high directional, deviation, vector or other method of suspending
the ropes may be used.

Conditions:
● A fixed rope system will be made available. This rope system must be in
a vertical environment.

Assessor Guidance:
N/A

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May have students perform this task in conjunction with other tasks
#380 Team-based Pick-Off: Suspended
Performance:
Rig a rope rescue system for a team-based pickoff of a suspended patient.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Given a rope rescue system, rig connection points for the rescuer and
patient and explain how they are used.
● Explain the procedures to be used to pick off the suspended patient.

Conditions:
● May be demonstrated on flat ground.
● The attachment end(s) of a rope system will be made available.
● A single-rope or two-rope rescue system may be used.

Assessor Guidance:
● This task is intended to have the candidate demonstrate the knowledge
to perform as a rescuer in a team-based pick-off. For assessment
purposes, the desired objective is to have the candidate understand
both the system operation and rescuer procedures.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May have students perform this task in conjunction with other tasks such as
#267 (Lowering System) and #268 (Raising System)
 Level 3 knowledge

#288 Advanced Rope Rescue Physics

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Knowledge of class 1, 2, and 3 levers.
● Tension & Compression
○ Compressional and tensile forces of Guy Lines & Back Ties
● Awareness of Friction Coefficients
○ Effects on lowering and hauling
● Effects of anchor point angle greater than 120 degrees

#2301 Skate blocks

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Knowledge of single, double, and tracking line (hybrid) variants.
● Practical applications

#2302 Advanced Anchors

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Span anchors
● Ideal vs actual equalization of anchor legs

#2303 Awareness of Regulatory Bodies & Standards

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● Regulatory bodies common to your region
● Awareness of EN, CE, Notified Body, NFPA, and ANSI
● Common testing standards of equipment
● Equipment regulations
● Statistical sampling (3 sigma testing)

#2304 Advanced Directional Techniques

Performance:
Given a written assessment, demonstrate knowledge of the following topics.

Knowledge:
● With & without changing the resultant force
○ Knot-by-pass through a change of direction
○ Moving a suspended litter through a high-directional
 Level 3 skills
#282 Highline: Transport
Performance:
Rig a non-reeving transport highline capable of moving a rescue load over a
horizontal distance.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Upon completion of the rigging, explain the proper operation of the
system.
● Tension the track line(s) such that appropriate precautions are taken to
minimize the potential for overloading the system during use.

System Must:
● Be able to arrest the fall of the load in instances such as failure of a
trackline or control line.
● The candidate must direct the highline construction and operation.

Conditions:
● May be built at ground level between two points if not selected to be
operational by the assessor.

Assessor Guidance:
The choice of equipment and materials may depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#283 Highline: English Reeve
Performance:
Rig a Reeving Highline capable of raising and lowering a rescue load.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Upon completion of the rigging, explain the proper operation of the
system.
● Tension the track line(s) so appropriate precautions are taken to
minimize the potential for overloading the system during use.

System Must:
● Allow for the raising and lowering of a load.
● Raising and lowering can be controllable from either side of the
highline.

Conditions:
● May be built at ground level between two points if not selected to be
operational by the assessor.

If chosen to be operational by the assessor, the following criteria shall

be followed:

● Assessor shall place untensioned lines across a span

● Far side shall be pre-rigged for the candidate
● Candidate shall be given suitable anchors points for the near side
● Carriage shall begin and end at the near side
● Candidate shall be located on the near side and responsible for:
○ Rigging of the track line(s), control line(s) and reeving line(s)
○ Tensioning the track line
○ Operations of the control line(s) on near side
○ Operating the reeving line(s) from the near side
○ Rigging of the carriage and litter
○ Communication to the far side operator as needed for the
completion of the task.
● Candidate shall be given a competent control line operator on far side
● Candidate may be given assistance for hauling of a control and reeving
line(s) on the near side

Assessor Guidance:
● The choice of equipment and materials may depend on local protocols.
● At least one of #283, #373, #339 or #378 must be rigged and operated a
minimum of 5 meters horizontal distance and 3 meters vertical distance
with a standard load.
Mtn Rescue Assessment:
Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#373 Highline: Norwegian Reeve
Performance:
Rig a Reeving Highline capable of raising and lowering a rescue load.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Upon completion of the rigging, explain the proper operation of the
system.
● Tension the track line(s) so appropriate precautions are taken to
minimize the potential for overloading the system during use.

System Must:
● Allow for the raising and lowering of a load.
● Raising and lowering must be controllable from only one side.

Conditions:

● May be built at ground level between two points if not selected to be

operational by the assessor.

If chosen to be operational by the assessor, the following criteria shall be

followed:

● Assessor shall place untensioned lines across a span

● Far side shall be pre-rigged for the candidate
● Candidate shall be given suitable anchors points for the near side
● Carriage shall begin and end at the near side
● Candidate shall be located on the near side and responsible for:
○ Rigging of the track lines, control line and reeving line
○ Tensioning the track line
○ Operations of the control line on near side
○ Operating the reeving lines from the near side
○ Rigging of the carriage and litter
○ Communication to the far side operator as needed for the completion
of the task.
● Candidate shall be given a competent control line operator on far side
● Candidate may be given assistance for hauling of a reeving line on the near
side

Assessor Guidance:
● The choice of equipment and materials may depend on local protocols.
● At least one of #283, #373, #339 or #378 must be rigged and operated a
minimum of 5 meters horizontal distance and 3 meters vertical distance
with a standard load.
Mtn Rescue Assessment:
Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#378 Cross Haul
Performance:
Rig a cross haul capable of moving a rescue load.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Upon completion of the rigging, explain the proper operation of the
system.

System Must:
● Be capable of raising, lowering, and horizontal movement from either
side.

Conditions:

● May be built at ground level between two points if not selected to be

operational by the assessor.

If chosen to be operational by the assessor, the following criteria shall be

followed:

● Assessor shall place untensioned lines across a span

● Far side shall be pre-rigged for the candidate
● Candidate shall be provided suitable anchors points for the near side
● Candidate shall be located on the near side and responsible for:
○ Rigging of the cross lines on near side and connection to the load
○ Operations of the crosshaul from the near side
○ Communication to the far side operator as needed to complete the
task.
● Candidate shall be given a competent operator on far side.
● Candidate may be given assistance for hauling on the near side

Assessor Guidance:
● The choice of equipment and materials may depend on local protocols.
● At least one of #283, #373, #339 or #378 must be rigged and operated a
minimum of 5 meters horizontal distance and 3 meters vertical distance
with a standard load.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#292 Pick-Off Rescue: Suspended Victim
Performance:
Perform a rescuer-based pickoff of a suspended victim.

Standard:
Candidate shall demonstrate:
● Approach the patient by ascending or descending in a vertical
environment.
● Attach the suspended victim to the rescuer's rope system.
● Transfer the patient's weight from their system to the rescuer’s system.
● Complete the task by descending with the patient simultaneously to
the ground at least 5 meters from the pick-off point in a vertical
environment.

Patient criteria:
● Shall consist of a standard load.
● A patient attachment point such as a harness must be pre-rigged and
secured to a separate independent rope system.

Conditions:
● If the patient is attached with a releasable device, it must not be
manipulated to lower the patient.
● Candidates must not lower the victim independently from themselves,
they must go to the ground together.

Assessor Guidance:
● The choice of equipment and materials may depend on local protocols.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
#305 On-Rope Line Transfer
Performance:
Demonstrate the ability to perform a parallel transfer between ropes.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Explain the method chosen to perform the maneuver and potential
dangers based on the technique.
● Maintain two points of attachment with the rope system during the
transfer operation until the descent device’s proper function has been
proven on the new rope.

Conditions:
● Must be in a vertical environment
● Ropes will be within 1.5m of each other.

Assessor Guidance:
N/A

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#312 On-Rope Re-Anchor: Decent
Performance:
Demonstrate the ability to perform a transfer between ropes connected to a
sub-anchor.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Explain the method chosen to perform the maneuver and potential
dangers based on the technique.
● Start from a position above the transfer point
● Maintain two points of attachment with the rope system during the
transfer operation until the descent device has been proven on the new
rope.

Conditions:
● Must be in a vertical environment
● Ropes may be rigged as independent ropes, or a small re-anchor
(re-belay / J-Hang)
● Ropes and sub-anchor must not be farther than 1.5m away from one
another.

Assessor Guidance:
N/A

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#338 On-Rope Re-Anchor: Ascent
Performance:
Demonstrate the ability to perform a transfer between ropes connected to a
sub-anchor.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Explain the method chosen to perform the maneuver and potential
dangers based on the technique.
● Start from a position below the transfer point
● Maintain two points of attachment with the rope system during the
transfer operation until the descent device has been proven on the new
rope.

Conditions:
● Must be in a vertical environment
● Ropes may be rigged as independent ropes, or a small re-anchor
(re-belay / J-Hang)
● Ropes and sub-anchor must not be farther than 1.5m away from one
another.

Assessor Guidance:
N/A

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#339 Guiding Line Offset

Performance:
Demonstrate the ability to construct and operate a guiding line offset in
combination with a lowering system.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Rig a guiding line offset to assist in the lowering a rescue load.
● Properly apply appropriate initial tension to the guiding line (using
mechanical advantage if applicable).
● Explain how the potential swing resulting from a failure of the guideline
is minimized.

Conditions:
● May be built at ground level between two points if not selected to be
operational by the assessor.

If chosen to be operational by the assessor, the following criteria shall

be followed:

● A lowering system shall be pre-rigged.

● Candidate shall be given a competent operator to lower the load.
● Candidate may be given assistance for hauling if needed.
● Candidate may be given a litter attendant if needed.
● The candidate must be the one controlling the guiding line tension.

Assessor Guidance:
● The guiding line can be either handheld or tensioned off a fixed anchor point
depending on location and terrain.
● At least one of #283, #373, #339 or #378 must be rigged and operated a
minimum of 5 meters horizontal distance and 3 meters vertical distance with a
standard load.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
#368 Artificial High Directional: Advanced

Performance:
Rig a single-leg or two-leg Artificial High Directional (AHD).

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Properly rig a single-leg (gin pole/monopod) or two-leg
(A-frame/Sideways A-Frame) AHD at a vertical edge.
● Explain the system and how forces act on the AHD and guy lines.
● Attach rope(s) for a raising or lowering system.

System must:
● Be suitably strong to support a rescue load.
● Be properly secured/back tied to prevent collapse of the AHD.
● Have an appropriate resultant in relation to the AHD
● Remain stable when a load is raised or lowered.

Conditions:
● May superseded #281 Artificial High Directional: Basic
● For assessment purposes, a purpose-built manufactured AHD must be
used.

Assessor Guidance:
The choice of AHD design must be communicated with the team/candidates
prior to the start of the assessment.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
● May be performed in conjunction with other tasks.
● Appropriate resultants and guy line/back-tie angles must be in
accordance with manufacturers' recommendations.
#369 Breaking Into A Fixed Rope
Performance:
Convert a fixed, tensioned rope into a raising or lowering system.

Standard:
Candidate must:
● Create slack at the end of a tensioned rope where it is connected to an
anchor system.
● Demonstrate the ability to install a raising system or lowering system
onto the slack section of the rope.
● Ensure no sudden drops or slips of the load.
● Limit the potential of a shock load to the system of no more than 1
meter.
● be the only one physically controlling the ropes.

Conditions:
● The system must remain weighted with a standard load.

Assessor Guidance:
● Assessor shall notify the candidate if they are to convert to a raising or
lowering system before the assessment of the task begins.

Mtn Rescue Assessment:

Must meet Mountain Criteria

Comments:
The purpose of this task is for the candidate to demonstrate the ability to
recover an individual on a fixed line, that is not releasable and has become
stuck.