LITTLE FLOWER MAT. HR. SEC.
SCHOOL, ASHOK NAGAR, CHENNAI - 83
Answer Key
Class 9 - Environmental Science
Max Marks: 20
I. Choose the Correct Answer (1×3=3)
1. c) Agricultural runoff
2. c) Carbon dioxide
3. c) Waste management
II. Fill in the Blanks (1×3=3)
4. The excessive use of chemical fertilizers leads to soil degradation.
5. Pollution of water bodies can lead to the death of aquatic organisms.
6. The greenhouse effect causes the Earth's temperature to rise.
III. Match the Following (4×1/2=2)
7. Ozone depletion -> d) CFCs
8. Acid rain -> c) Sulphur dioxide
9. Non-biodegradable waste -> b) Plastic waste
10. Soil erosion -> a) Deforestation
IV. Diagram-Based Questions (1×3=3)
11. Draw and Explain a Simple Food Chain
Example Food Chain:
- Producers: Grass
- Primary Consumers: Grasshopper
- Secondary Consumers: Frog
- Tertiary Consumers: Snake
- Decomposers: Fungi
Explanation: Producers (plants) convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis.
Primary consumers (herbivores) eat plants, secondary consumers eat herbivores, tertiary
consumers are predators, and decomposers break down dead organisms, recycling
nutrients into the soil.
V. Short Answer Questions (2×2=4)
12. How does air pollution affect human health?
Air pollution can cause respiratory issues such as asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer. Long-
term exposure to pollutants like carbon monoxide and particulate matter can lead to
cardiovascular problems and reduced life expectancy.
13. What are the major sources of water pollution?
Major sources of water pollution include industrial discharge, sewage and domestic waste,
agricultural runoff (containing pesticides and fertilizers), and oil spills.
14. What is acid rain, and how does it affect the environment?
Acid rain is rainwater with high levels of acidic compounds, such as sulfuric and nitric acid,
caused by pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. It damages plants, aquatic
ecosystems, soil quality, and buildings.
VI. Long Answer Questions (1×5=5)
15. Explain the causes and effects of global warming.
Causes:
- Increased greenhouse gases (e.g., carbon dioxide, methane) due to burning fossil fuels,
deforestation, and industrial activities.
- Excessive use of non-renewable energy sources.
Effects:
- Rising global temperatures.
- Melting glaciers and polar ice caps, leading to sea level rise.
- Extreme weather conditions, such as heatwaves and hurricanes.
- Loss of biodiversity and disruption of ecosystems.
- Impact on agriculture, causing food insecurity.
OR
16. What are the causes of air pollution, and how can it be controlled?
Causes:
- Emission of pollutants from vehicles and industries.
- Burning of fossil fuels and biomass.
- Deforestation and construction activities.
Control Measures:
- Use cleaner fuels and renewable energy sources.
- Promote public transportation and carpooling.
- Implement stricter pollution control regulations for industries.
- Plant more trees to improve air quality.