ne

dis nyenakon shgun n h, ols

scoss
jet
businew
shunn in the

eoch setot ond the

jollyuk,
1.t s daleed by Suliniang te he
a e
shets o the dijewt stdorpeuiod. 8. he "bck alse shu, he
inoease in
2 the
we o funds ard on matit.
iS (oisidbd asssunce of urds.
tabies indude
Stakemiend and its betweon lsus
tuo Pheints he net tsus betuen tuo
danjes gund points time
dhasctestC.
. whide 6ther
debt en duelspmert in
3. Gfive Youn yewssyste
furds such a Jndion financal snce ndependerc.
(an
Sale 1 Prut I he time upto 1951
A5sets ae
yes.
1 poet I- -the 6tmeaboutupto he951. me
This Pat industnia
a4ken Tndefordoce uhene Vital sle Hhe nstrner!Ostate
taudioral
'SysBom steSembled a low plaaung
(k'L. Bunet) hauing a Constant eUDngmy
apual tput ond
Q. Pt I he ume betuten 251 the puble the
mid 9805. the develeprut
tuhene ranaal htutens 'uenl able
Pa de radita rance.
he Fruncaal Sytem dlsng.
honchsi) nt t t Irda (uTT) ua estabkshed
Thethe Duvlspmet phase as
Centiusus
Ponate to pubbe Corntsl
natenatsakgn fotmaten ot, mu'
insttukns n the pubic (enesLen
Cenmecial bonks e mainy
Stouche
mew firnarial utt teun ratise to irarice tnadea Coumee
glrces stbuchse the he shoet ommtee he onstee on

instMena Stuckue
a) Deleloprnt burs uhich wene
in his phaje became mayt,SeuCeS
inaustsualinance ond alee The uetng pubic wudl aet. in
the irduytuessuAifs
 Sueguads hat inse

N)Buxnes
(njideno i) fnonaal JnstUut
PkintaedContul
wÜagemiènt, paeiousby
the
hey wne urde he
finanäal Sy5tem Stale'. pivate mutval
hunds wuo
siykint deucdspnazt wlese Sau
ek achhe
nancial
he cbspoale ins pvae bond
Tnswene
urden
Comparie, (ome p.
able to i decid es fnansa ii) Jndan
ystemg. insktkna!
the of he managing dectoe
teruse. Stuctre changed Pn he manhet
mnenaal' Bonke mutal
he boand.9tepiesentave
and
psecuing
oE
changs
jhenseleyon in futs, makel Secoutie etc
"COmndng change in he (tmpasiton nen - inittutenal
he fnanee ard (apital masket
1950 ttmely bachbne d te
hdion inncial 'syemn', the declne 's
Tn 1991 , he poicy. he putspment Fiancal TrstitionS (DF13)
libeub:zaten. eaunUS Slch s. delicenina maket euslred and
becairne vey sophsfaed.
spRuatged nstitutons Jawe allkd
tstode bralpason ,'seduckon in, Subsda ihe poiaty dales.
banking sefoms idisinvestment in publit
Sectot ,ond
wts. Ctmnpany. aw ) Trveste gtechgn a pon sFBL, gudeknes.
tutony aleng uith olntns we7e inplnen! he Sacusutes masiket hás devetapednd
the ecGnemi mnagement he 'sble the cotpotae stt.
e the govt edced [Link] have als0 ealijed the signifone
aplal mazket iryestrent the
he in otdes to Keep his atoyt
the Süuites Rchonge Poard
Traan estabBshed 1988, but in 1992
 SakiteiyauBsremu
theinwesttes,
he nteost Stcwuhes mankottt
ond
faent wdtsooble ckucles. featnes (omnenal Banksng H pshale
the Selueuhe 4manhet ’Mchant, Banksg Laing.
SEBI has intuducd a uL:
demsed
he maket ) Dists the chaxacesks' o (ommealal Banka
A: (orumcal ank haung the
ungottant. fetes.

chent.
gsnk lockens Saje debost

5. Tts. apdalaloyy be i themaami

luel Balane shet should te in he'
niddle ran in, tder
Suse the
Cwstemesi
) Dejne Natuenalised 'Bark.

1969yta abeue4, an:

 bonks belemging to the
pruvate 11 isa pbeduse o
psxes. Dung hus stage6
Buk çth We
R00. Cucte, uhene
vage depose
nakQnal:*d en
(omma irdzuidhal pengam bonkng Aknty
1980 (prnechon. t psude
nthe. next phase. Ri mÇe banhy poisalsed ard
(ustomige Suse o
inclading. staBe brk:oJrda : g4s online bankng acilted Such
6 Asssaats wae nafienalised unde
this patses Themain.6hjective. of qurd toan, depeit , zhdnoun
nakenatsaenis tb puoide. tinarial pasbcék pdate szcusty tonncken,
Assisbne y. netoek
Semi - ban
barking 4aclites in these sAbeas uhe t t uates.
henocal. people ant geach,0ut htesvat ganking nable a acustomen
Spuad the Auaeness a the to peftmi all sloatine tansction t
Agrciltue pnanei to ecoms ithe allsus cuitomer oocs he
the doungalof agwultoat Tytsmation
4inanal yoalitates 91eseve Wsk 365 day. in a yeas
"bank o ndia
CLRdit
the
pespeche eCenbmiC Lesen
3) DeHne ItenetBarking. 3,
ATtenet Baankung.. Cybet, Ba
mebile Bankng
also hngusn a& Asset tt
lessot is a peuen whe (onuey'
Vistual Banking. ot Horma Ume theonsthet
 se0 .0n. sental
Asset.
Giod1, fironaol Courslisng. (oapotote
Pynult uwriunt. A Qoeuant, Insutne eue Pyider Grd
he be e undostsd a oudit
may uheh ojet- te odrsabs, Funbons'
dordngumunt e ayochant Bonhen penonn the
Hhe bentit to make ) praject ouyeltng
he Asset s a) Jssue munagment
sheud) pothsho management
the stmgunt poád wthing aptal.,
leaye") Fránurg
be catculatd, onhe bais
Jecad.
shot
aete on merchant Bking. 7
s) wte
Dj the scufufhagt Bod ) Agahabies
A As per 992, deynl
of Trd (SEB). Act, hes DisCus the stuchBe o (OmmIia gank.
menchant Panle s a pyon Bank Can. be duded Tto.
enggged in the busnes
&e puschliing t subseritirg he1) scheduld gonkt
2) Non - 5chedule
adusoty 1) Schedulepoik alp
Seile..:N: gefaten to SLchiSsub: Schedule Bonk is caled u Comnegtal
Menchnt aikng s wekQ8 en Bak bease hg.. been inchded the
Seond Schedule buk o Tdia
included in schedule gank
934. T0 be
a bank must totsy the yobang thee
(ordFen0
1)Jt mut scheduld Parks Nen- sntdubd Backe

teseue bok
myt saby he ate not pubic itipsopte
3) T Act. that t5 far,
to detemana) Secot . Banks
JAdso in a ane
Conduct
ct the dgestten. Nateratsed egmal Pul
tb te intigt stae Bonk
oTndia
schedull Bark con. be
f3 substddes (RR3).
Nen schediule Bank.
) Jrdah Bont, he Balks "nmeuhch hd. nf
in the Seternd schedule G
"Tdan Bank ian be ayolized ats Rjee gark oIndia f 1934
Schedule Bank' Irstead
)pubkc Seto binK Rngun
2) prte Gut ofRBI At these. banky als
puble sectot bank ogan (ategosed
he shae o non
bank oyJnda
Shedule bank ha, beun dedling
2 Natienbised bank it hay became.
3 Regenal RALat Bank the yeay
 Shayes
e .an. Vertuse
istihuben "A as
estment
by his RAIeS
ecds atols vente the
"guih -ae
ond'9Pahaion ne uestnent .masty imples t
/Hands
on
a nmoqament naalwSenge, n.a Seyera!
iuesnent. the wdertod be,
oleat ie., ime
Vertie
domAnd tncosh into Bnded elyily
bel (arit
ianngis
lg a apila Vrtue
Iuestmont: tn
SCURi
es. k ogtal yontte Tnda. naken the
190 past- e in
pskken Equky 1) (VF)
(ote Vondae
s) Dainlestnvt.
he Vendue capiyalis t, disinless Adyantag4
iVestotsPanakto
uLuld be Tatng pubic
ausid siSk b odeto stedusce
iestng in. Ventue
tund
but Agpn eciakon : Ywest ina
puoklable yoduseuf
6) Comunencal:3abn New deas.
Vetune apLta! imsptudes busnes

he me

and bsekes
wrderudug
duselspment to medum
pBuideA&sistae 2_Small AmBwt 4cE maintang shase
Scale industes sugisisuy
VentuseCaptalists"hgt orly aeude Paunting
Ananda! ustne. to medium SSI'S
but alo p98ud he' ch ausutnle 3 Genetal
.. betueen a tecnl
me paubd :.Commen
whsh. Caligatyn is
thet [Link]
mnitoung the
arnd paudute.
8):uhat. aste bushes bogungs.
.Ventue Captta!
Disadyaniagso Vertute aptad.
Can be. Theventue capiBad anng also
he
explaned
 |on cJam the
ton' dajm he
a complelebwneS plan
ndusie
which ts
the inanca pojechon fot, shueldsed ond
Iat the lessee
uhich he vntUNeuN oes he.
bosks
[Link] |essos , the
M. l1ox Caladabou Meney , the. he Congte
thengohdbon sloge, je, uhethen Ae
Calcuakehy.. in
4)he enude essex.
elen he beaet ubh he eaned 5. Salnge vobe the ght tohe sight o
busines. chumhe borjt cloum He
9)°Distngush betuzen hie Pwchaje and Salyage vobue boraut d salug
the
Anu ayet uth not the lese
$'NO. TFHove' puhasing he hoet.

Anae" genes onNe sualy

he hine

|De autetebiles pke the machi

-eny ship5,
ard s 6n. ard
 pouun fanut isDoum. poen what ote
essihal the adyardoqes
ed ob a(Gubiy ot neded Hoe punchasp syten ?
he aaet wKth uAg the
leaged. sets. he man moit G hise.
Adyantoqeso ttoe putohasen
heasset ihich leaged aud
|iS puchajed is ate evealed Tn Histe puachae systen, pasple ton
ty 4ulfell, hel dyeans Guning
uhch is pyable ond S0

o7 Assethe. susponsiby-aal leaye Vthe

d; mainterane less e neds to

(8je, Lt theds
duty of essst.
10-Stsb
sukabiaty: ble tothetlo- aptal 45 esult, lt deyelsps Sougs anng tem,
se. that med Me 'willng to 1. TuRAe in sales:
Hashow a Sttig shud a stseng uhs qet attsacted ae
Ojet PoSien loe toltatedtovatasle
helst balance n tels
'hisne pschase anaang uhich alss
sheete shetb.
he sttes valuohle goads
the mahet.
 puchaen makes dejaul the the nron
h9e Vdo hige
he
fake amsut,
withst gtjundng he
Pas' betueen the
Estabtsh God Rehen buyot has to ay adhiteral argey uhich
3. mite thon
betuen
is stabished S8gulagk Such goodi.
Gjocd. Relatenghp
slle dile to
he buwesi and the Buye
tansacken and it helfs the gcods . 1he buyen is yailsd to. fay te ual!
qet Hhe inkimaken about instalirents Hen the slle
bk. the 9cods Sdd. y him en
basis
1) MGit psdnckon. bad he'ansart paid by bye
In histe puwichage
transacton., hene is pest. uiasteuCempetten.
SiSein Sales uhich steiuLk. . in inALe
andincomt.
& pasdictn, enployment It s
a) fackbe in. Busines payme fundos
pensegiods om hisie puscháje tsunnds
agemade
tiste pustchase, es Qpital peple gets atfsacked
in istabment, [Link]: easily
ugnea. 'So busineB an be dome
3) Icmage in stndad o. L:n9 4) No Right to sale t£. meitenge te Gards.
n te
the pen,: to Uje .te Valable gads ajten the Paymnt the last
hichinoeases
 (ontennsed io hi

(aptjal is held in
Considexab le faxt o debts documend bsoubd, o id (2
) book (dobjou).
the gotm sreheond
Sall is enttled to ake bck the document
goods uom the buye- 0 (ase

3) Lass on Sale con

EVen. hagh ,. Sellen can ake bk the thing, in ulgikng.
qocds et sut en , hine puschaje on oBUnt paosgectu
mus! iohd he trdten
fake cg ocfual lass as goods taken bok 1) T!
may 1t vield 920rable ice 6n stesale. Shates ct debenBustes. subsltln
Disoduandageto9etg a) Tt must inyolve inoen
[Link]
I is epnsve thing Pugchase
thowghhoe pNhaR yades. prople 3) PospeCtus is nof
medun and (oue incomegup insdaten
iscued en
attaceed to noy goods and even H) T mst be in relafien
Purcase unneccUsa Comipony ot inclded
the idendedcf

Debt
Eay shas debenkous
 a) te detauls abeud sueat Equy Shae 6) A he
A: sueat equy mens he tuy
ISsued b a tonfny to is
shane
Shaeheldet irniloh, estnHtn
poolsion Shull besppboble.
3ultal
equiy hae
3) Sht ste
making
40t poding Krea haw ot by GueyhiD.
"oualole wheh
inteest
t s he Ohe Hogeuttding the ther emplaye : wsth steck
en:planetsy oeny him the saey 'at GuLtsuhip
belaiye at.
I' is tened a sua! equty wuth he's emplayee
tight
haudosk uhich hey
Some
issue o suiat eut shanits Subjett to mplayee must
a cls o shaes bhich. 9ught
1) miyt be
3 ady issud by a authtiia be issued afee the campieten
mustbe a) 1
a) ht shanessessiuker pPated by he stsck :; tan be uded ints
vei
by srcias a) ompary
Cempny0:gnenal meeknd tqual chane c Sae
mt : Speciy the no of shans Can get te
Rysuk§n
3)Cuent y chesn ngiders Enpleye
) thisPustchaged"stsk!
maiket psie
.(hH be issueg
4) Sueat guity shaie the Commenleent
ene yea otes
busines!
5) I (on

subsdoy
 moximum
)¬mployee Can Qu inanaal bny oim
the Bucceutd busineli: should be fooded maumm (0
1) I #e 5)
Defne
phablenm t0 be
) he may sevedled he ement
iasue is. an
shanehslden 0
intatum t0 the
sub6ube ther
Shaey 40 iSsued by a. Comydtiy A
4) DEhine IPO. eght singly means
a Seustkes at a
latation hch on issuego inh Cemponiiy. Act
Puopasedto he publc
Company otdnay Stolks ot Shaes .hey he stingshaehslden 4 [Link] jony
to~m o chaye the Shaxes in wnthe iSu
lookihg tot sds "to
Si3A m qume at the Cempany. In tesus o value the.
heTnidal publi ofheing SSWe (on be D- ss the mew
the Hunhas
end D'os equty
91aiJe the aset. i p t e vento
maihet.
Ant
he SEBI had issued many' gudelunes
stRngan ssuethe sight shares
n Po be nsaje he stscksot 0ste Cenpanies
inwettte to Piedit hou
Shases
MBAeORA,TPo, pasude hisotical
day
inhdematen: auatlae uth, company. uhch, uyht [Link] he stegemad

ofenly' about
Any zsheud ibetsaded ismote etainty ohe.
matmuwm fot ofeyhat ae 1) Thete Sold to the
byfrancad i stuteny should, be todd ShÝes bing
shaseheldest.
 a) ats the o the
and stulate he
conipony
49eine shavehalae..ka
ensues euiloble
9tesf
disfoubut1on
onge a)Poulen
Csdolned Prtjudice. t0 he
sub - secdn (). pmiy
s I
uethaul dks tursing e estobik ake wAeDLUTeS to undezlake the Beand moy
Shaes
ke shave heldung paffen pechn
SEBI Puble
A1 fckins ohSABT: Seutitu uhoie
wted
spehies hat atsch echange
secen 11 oh the SFBI Ad piblectt Band Fas 0Sb nable
basie duty SEBI S D (0 the
ginds. fo belun
tests 'of iestois secuslfes and that uduigir in
b) ToulatepENGte the daelorant of ard ¿nsLde (rading o jsadulent and
he Secwukey 'moket.
Cout
the Blad shall haue the
a Cuil
4) Requlang the buses Vuted in
ond any otet Secuits maketi Cautunde
p9BIE dUe , 1906(3. the
4 1g08) uhik
Registering. and ends o
te [Link]
qulatngthdcollectye a Sut ». in supect.o
)Venfoe
opLtal
Schemes indudung mutaalunds: aid entecng the atendane
) pstometng and sngulakng 'sd-eplafoty a) sumod PXAunng hem on oath;
otganisatens ; trode
d) Psshibitng talidelent and wnjain
makets ; document ct edd he ompany:
t8 SeLuuty
Poactses. elakng adng in Seceites ;
ngiden [Link] tot he exominakss
e) psshibikung sustantal acgustin shere c) iSsang ULtesesot dsUMents.
3) pot Regilatng
phd
 exchonget agultety
hat

uhic is wdo istgabon:

peueny to
12 bin Hhduted Scitn
by the the indeasts
wmaihet

ay
SSue Suh dsieny -

0Wacated
o7 his t, ot the sules t he sa he Secbes wathet
wade heseurde;
5. pous specfied in elon A,
) withgt
Rrgivdng pustcaon gueshati
g the peidieothe
Conpanies kt, 2se (1.
pBw'Sites ) uihete he Boatd has Steasorabe
J956), beleve that
. a) he 9ansacioLA in seCusites
oPtal being danltth in a manen sefermual
he iwestos ot the seusihes
nadeitel herefo ond.
i) he momen in whid. such matess sha! hhesecuttes naiket has iolkd
be disclesed b4 the (ompanes :
b)8Grealosprcul tdery sutey o the segulbton mode tt diseto,
6) Pues
Sale gheuite
 he JnVeh.
Such ewntdi any ot pensony
secun's makel ond
LkEh he
sepot thene ovn t6 he BO0Hd.
oncharge pwidy
the com yanjes
Act. 1956 (1 0 19S4), sha) e ho he Ssnuhey
eveny marnage, mmanoging
othe empluye the
Section eue polon asiahd 4unds by the
the and. to a ouoiding oÛ todi spwhkm irads
pxsduce o he astqatng Auhutiky.
Lgudity to Sasihes
Secendosy
with, Sautks "moket in: anymannen ta
Such
decumenf gthet,
uthesised by him.
) He Suenday manket stsk txdonge h il stef,qecuiaen . he stck uhaye
otte. the funciehs of Stoch exbhange sbut the patedxtien am
) secordaey moshet is a' a in wasiket eige
which ) vauate &usutes
ane taoded blw he akte a picBect the derard.
Jiyestot by psnsudng hem a mechans Supply fedley
toradutg eusting Plathtim: BssHer
ukese thCommen
stock ard
Coll . prehned stock, uasoanty. bords, ) Patec e intest o Truesu
toded qMerg
 ules9. egulafony SEBI
tentxa he
ditc loey ord the
stok uchánge is dehined as an
sught chie the yty
ncotpdeaed eÈ nat esablshed yot the the dvidend. Shany uh 9pet
Debentunes
ACoiding to Themas
ebentuse is a deumenit
8) Explaun the dthnent mean! uhich unden he
Bustnes, aising pouicple Swm
the
Paymend
A he Vaguos SousLs o nane auailab le egulan inteoual uhvch is
at
secuned by a ually
11 Long - ten SoUMeS en the glalrg dasge
teem funds aegequited
a'poucd exchading hey aate
and which
Comjony's
aitnsulsdgty a loan undentto heking
uhidh achniBulder a loan t the Cmany
machunesy
etc.
plant. and buuldng f e uble, p
Simple and (onyenient Seune
() shanes qublie deasi.,":uhih. ha, geanty
Shaneis a Small ut optal
Luhich is widy spead t6 saike became long-tenm derst.
Lorg tn funds 4em he mashet tt
uhen
a) Eguty shaes.
b) pefoene shate,. plghung Bo4k
but
shaes :
Ezuty shans sepaegent
PoSiben,
 ayet
Raising ong tom woting dsn Putdard
the oom inanal Poid
such "as TD8I" IFUJ SFC. Installeat
Tnskhutons
L1C und CommeYCLal Bks et w) Advae
Advwes aste ebiined Cus tmey
2) Medium - eum SoBULS o Anance
he
businesy ) facforing
Gyenvally. medium -teim Secusitiès have a Shoet ten unds can be yaised m
matuat steciyab led nedit
Yeat CommeKial bonhs nd

3) Shoit - tem V) Acued

re
he tuds hichbusines uhen
ilestment Vin the gtt a Shatter Seices but nst yet paid tt
{me ie to ehe yeah. ae as aLued
PetLsd them
tene d vi) Deleed Tuomes
i) Tndigengls Banhe18 : wee plate money
Indigensus bankens njsyag
the
[erdes oth e Ccnsy BanktU
he mashei.
the menapsly vi) Comneial
i5sued
Ctedt Commencal
T9ade (9iedt is on imgetant Ssuce Shot
staising betueen to 180 days.
goads' patsude qindshe peisd"
(Edit basis and buyen make

i) nstalnent shoet. tem

Istallment Gtdit i5 a ethad an
th's