Element 3 Bricks BS Os The _Neilapis | il? ey} Construction Materials and TechnologyLearning Element Outcomes This specific learning outcome will enable you to identify and describe the particular characteristics of bricks and their suitability in construction works. Summary Bricks are widely used for construction of walls. Good bricks with high quality make structure durable and look beautiful. One should know the appropriate size and quality of bricks to be used which are explained in this element. Introduction: Brick is an old building material since very long time. Brick is used in construction of the building because of its good load bearing capacity, long life, and strength. Bricks are made up of good clay and molded in rectangular shape of uniform size then dried and burned. As bricks are in uniform size they can be beautifully laid in masonry work, It can also be carried to top of the building due to its low weight. Definition Bricks are obtained by molding clay in rectangular blocks, then drying and burning them. In place where stones are not easily available, bricks are used in construction. Brick are preferred because of its durability, strength, reliability, low cost etc. Size and Weight of Bricks Bricks are prepared in various sizes. Custom in the locality is the governing factor for deciding the size of a brick. Such bricks which are not standardized are known as the traditional bricks. BIS has recommended the bricks of uniform size. Such bricks are known as the modular Construction Materials and TechnologyStandard / Modular : Size : 190 mm x 90 mm x 90 mm and 190 mm x 90 mm x 40 mm Conventional / Traditional bricks : Size 230 mm x 110 mm x 70 mm. The average weight of a brick will be about 3.00 to 3.50 kg. 1. Un-burnt bricks 2. Burnt Bricks First type of brick may be burnt in sun light, (or) when burnt in kiln it may not be burnt well. The unburnt bricks are used to construct temporary structures. Second type of bricks is well burnt bricks which can be used for permanent structures. Well burnt bricks are further classified as following. Construction Materials and Technologyuid Quali ‘These bricks are table molded and burnt in kilns. It should be thoroughly burnt (without being vitrified) and have rectangular plane surfaces with parallel sides and sharp straight right-angled edges. It should have firm ‘compact and uniform texture. First class bricks are mainly used for face-work or superior work of structure. ‘The structure constructed with these bricks doesn’t need, plastering. First Class Bricks ‘These bricks are ground molded and burnt in kilns and generally used to meet the requirements of first class bricks except that these may be slightly chipped, distorted or may have surface cracks. These bricks are ground molded and burnt in clamps. ss They are not hard and have rough surfaces with irregular ay distorted edges. These bricks are used in unimportant and temporary structures and in places where rainfalls less. The structures constructed with these bricks need plastering. Third Class Bricks ‘These bricks are over burnt bricks with irregular shapes and used as aggregate in foundations, floors etc. They are stronger due to over burning. Fourth Class Bricks Construction Materials and TechnologyProperties of Good Bricks Good bricks are used for the construction of important structures. They should possess following qualities. Bricks should be table-mounted, well-burnt in kilns, copper coloured, free from cracks and with sharp and square edges. Bricks should be uniform in shape and of standard size. Bricks should give clear ringing sound when struck with each other. Bricks when broken should show homogeneous and compact structure free from voids. Brick should not absorb water more than 15 percent of weight for first class bricks and 15 to 20 percent by weight for second class bricks, when soaked in water for 24 brs. Bricks should be sufficiently hard. No impression should be left on brick surface, when scratched with finger nail, Bricks should not break into pieces when dropped flat on hard ground from a height of one meter. Bricks should have low thermal conductivity. Bricks when socked in water for 24 hours should not show deposits of white salts when dried in shade. The Compressive Strength of brick shall not be less than 55 kg/cm2 Uses of Bricks © Bricks are used in wall construction of building © Bats of brick are used in concrete in foundation work Construction Materials and TechnologyQuality of bricks Water absorption Max 15% Max 15t020% Max 20% Compressive Above 250 Up to 200 Up to 125 Strength kg/cm2 kg/em2 keg/em2 Soaked bricks: The strength of brick decreases by about 25% when soaked in water Structure: Brick when broken should be homogeneous in structure, compact and free from holes, cracks, fissures, air bubbles, lumps, pebbles, stones and lime at les. Shape and size: The brick should be rectangular with straight and sharp edges. All bricks should have the same dimensions and no broken corners or edges. The size of the ks varies slightly from region to region in India. Soundness: The quality of brick is said to be good if there is a clear ringing metallic sound when two bricks are struck together. Fall test: A brick should not break when dropped flat on hard ground from a height of about one meter. Scratch test: A good burned brick has surface so hard that the fingernail cannot serateh it Tee OF Dnt wee over burnt feteared Wiach or red oF Beth mized) (Be ecnstractios of wall Don't wen bic baring significant, posence of sand. Dap ere hm 1 Matar boigbe om ground wl tll yo tha screagch qualiy of bricks Construction Materials and TechnologyWork Book Q1: Collects sample of all type of Bricks in your area and identify it in terms of its strength, colour, size ete, Construction Materials and Technology