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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 PROBLEM STATEMENT..................................................
2 COMPONENTS USED.......................................................
2.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS..................................................................
3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM..........................................................
4 WINDING THE COIL.........................................................
5 WORKING OF TESLA COIL.............................................
6 PRECAUTIONS..................................................................
7 CONCLUSION....................................................................
8 APPLICATIONS.................................................................
9 ADVANTAGES..................................................................
10 BIBLIOGRAPHY................................................................
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1 PROBLEM STATEMENT:
Implementation of Mini Tesla coil with Tube.
2 COMPONENTS USED:
2.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
1. Magnetic wire a.k.a Enameled copper wire
2. 22K Resistor
3. 2N2222 Transistor
4. LED
5. Ordinary breadboard wire
6. Any nonconductive cylindrical object
7. 9V Battery (or 5V Supply)
8. Breadboard
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3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
The circuit diagram of Mini Tesla Coil Project given below is
very simple. So let us understand how it works and learn how
to build it. The main component in this circuit is the secondary
coil (golden color), which is made by winding a magnetic wire
(enameled) around a cylindrical object (any nonconductive
object will work).
A high current high frequency transistor like 2N2222 is
used to supply current through the primary coil (violet color).
The whole set up is powered by a 9V battery as shown above.
The positive end of the battery reaches the collector of
Transistor through the primary coil, and the emitter is
grounded. This means that whenever the transistor conducts,
current is flown through the primary coil. The LED diode and
one end of the secondary coil is also connected to base of
transistor to make the circuit oscillate, this way the transistor
will send an oscillating current into primary coil. If you want
get more technical and learn how the current oscillates you can
Google for “Slayer Exciter Circuit”.
Figure 1: Circuit Diagram of 9V Tesla coil with tube
So, with this arrangement we have a primary coil which will
have an oscillating current, and hence will produce a carrying
magnetic flux around it. Now, this coil is wound around the
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secondary coil and hence an according to law of
electromagnetic induction a voltage will be induced in the
secondary coil. Since the number of turns in the secondary coil
is very large than primary coil, this voltage will be a very high
voltage and hence this coil will have a very strong electric flux
around it that is powerful enough to glow normal CFL bulbs
and is used in Wireless Power transmission.
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4 WINDING THE SECONDARY COIL:
One very important step in this project is winding the
secondary coil. It is a time-consuming process and hence do
not rush yourself in this part. First of all, you will need a
magnetic coil, which is also called as enameled coil wire.
These wires can be found inside relays coils, transformers and
even motors. You can either reuse one or buy yourself a new
one. The thinner the wire is the better the results will be.
Once you are ready with the magnetic wire, you will need a
cylindrical object. The only rule while selecting this object is
that it should not be conductive, you can select PVC pipes,
cardboard roll or even stack 4-5 A4 sheets together and roll
them up. The diameter of the cylinder can be anywhere
between 5cm to 10cm, and the length should be at least 10cm.
The longer the object is a greater number of turns it can fit in.
After getting your coil and cylindrical object, it is time to start
the winding process, just wind few turns and use a tape to
secure the winding initially and then proceed with the
complete winding. Make sure you follow the below tips while
winding
1 Wind the coils as close as possible
2 Do not overlap one coil turn over another
3 Try to get a minimum of 150 turns, a value of 300 turns will
be typically good.
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5 WORKING OF TESLA COIL:
Before we start building the Tesla coil, it is very important to
know how it works. Only then we will be able to build and
debug one successfully. The Tesla coil works with the
principle of Electromagnetic Induction. According to which,
when a conductor is placed under a varying magnetic field, a
small current will be induced inside the conductor. For a Tesla
coil this conductor will be called as the secondary coil and the
varying magnetic field will be produced by the primary coil
by passing an oscillating current through the primary coil.
It might sound a bit confused, but let us proceed with the
circuit diagram where things will be made much clear.
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6 PRECAUTIONS:
1. Do not use a normal transistor in place of 2N2222, unless
you know to select an exact equivalent for this transistor.
2. The resistor 22K need not be exactly the same it can be
anywhere from 12K to 30K.
3. Make sure the 9V battery that you are using is brand new,
because the cheap batteries will not last more than 5 minutes
with this circuit, if you have an Arduino or something which
can source you +5V you can also use that.
4. It is completely fine for your coil to have any number of
turns, but it should have a minimum of at least 150 turns, you
dint have to be very accurate with the count.
5. The circuit can work from 5V to 10V. However, don’t push
more than 500mA through it
6. The LED has a different purpose other than glowing; it is
actually used to switch the transistor so do not ignore it; a
RED color LED will work fine.
7. Your LED might or might not glow when the Circuit is
powered, you do not have to be worried about it.
8. You might or might not get a spark (arc) at the free end of
Secondary coil, you do not have to worry about that either. If
you get an Arc do not touch it.
9. Always check if the circuit is working only by using a normal
CFL bulb.
10. Adding a metal load (foil paper) on top of secondary coil is
optional, but it sure will improve the results but not
mandatory to get a basic working output.
11. There is a very little chance for you to hear any hissing sound,
so don’t expect it.
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7 CONCLUSION, APPLICATION & ADVANTAGES:
While the Tesla coil does not have much practical
application anymore, Tesla’s invention completely
revolutionized the way electricity was understood and
used. Radios and televisions still use variations of the
Tesla coil today.
1. We are able to generate high voltage with high
frequency and it can be used for testing the
apparatus for switching surges.
2. It can also be used for study of visual corona and
ionization of gasses under electrical stress
3. It can also transmit the electrical power
wirelessly up to a certain distance depends upon
rating.
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8 BIBLIOGRAPHY:
[Link]
make-a-mini-tesla-coil-9v
[Link]
on-mini-tesla-coil
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
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