Water Chapter

3
much
Multiple Choice Questions
How much
percentage of water on earth is
(a)

Ans. (C)
1%

2.5%
(b) 2% freshwater?
C) 2.5% (d) 10%
Explanation

-fourth of the surface of the earth

fresh water.
s is covered with water, with 97.5% being water and 2.5% being
being salt water a
How m many physical states of water exist?
(a) 2
(b) 3
ns. (b) 3 (c) 1 (d) 4
Explanation:

There are 3 physical states of water, namely ice

With rise in (solid), water (liquid) and water vapour (gas).
temperature, the solubility of sodium chloride in water
(a) decreases
(b) increases and then decreases (c) increases sharply
Ans.(d) increases only a little (d) increases only a little

Explanation
The temperature dependence of NaCl is fairly low,
meaning that an increase in temperature has relatively
little effect on the solubility of NaCl. Hernce, the effect of increase in
temperature on the solubility of Nac
is not very significant as it is more soluble even at low
temperatures.
4. Which of thefollowing waters does not contain dissolved solids?
(a) Tap water (c) Rain water
(b) Well water (d) River water
Ans. (c) Rain water

Explanation:
62 ICSE Most Likely Questlon Bank- 1Xx
17, Water can exist in which of the following states? free and combined state
(c) Both
(a) Free state (d) Atomic state
(b) Combined state
Ans. (c) Both free and combined state

Explanation state it exists simply

as water molecui
combined state. In free
exist in both free and with any salt. Eg. CuSO5H.
Water can

and in combined state it can exist

as molecule
along
of hydration 5HO
five molecules of water.
steam back to water,
which of the following is apnlk.
cable
.

condensation of
18. During the phenomenon of
condensation Latent heat
of vaporisation
(a) Latent heat of
condensation> Latent heat of vaporisation
(b) Latent heat of
< Latent heat of vaporisation
(c) Latent heat of condensation
(d) Cannot be predicted
Latent heat of vaporisation
Latent heat of condensation
=

Ans. (a)
Explanation:
to water, some amount of heat is released ThThis he
steam condensing back
During the phenomenon of
condensation.
released is called as latent heat of
water?
19. Which of the following is not a property of pure (d) Translucent
(b) Odourless (c) Opaque
(a) Coloured
Ans. (b) Odourless

Explanation:
not have any odour,
i.e. is odourless.
wateris ideally tasteless, clear and does
Pure for imparting taste to water?
Which of the following is responsible
20 (c) Dissolved oxygen
(a) Dissolved impurities
(d) Mineral acid
(b) Dissolved carbon-dioxide

Ans. (a) Dissolved impurities

Explanation:
for characteristic taste to water.
Dissolved salts or impurities are responsible
imparting
want to cook food on Mount Everest,
the time required for cooking will be:
21, If you
(a) less

(6) requires same time as required in normal conditions

)more
(d) cannot be predicted
Ans. (c) more

Explanation: than
will be the boiling point, i.e. water will
boil at more temperature no
Higher is the pressure, more
more time will be required as
if taken to heights. Hence, if food is to be cooked on Mount Everest,
wil boil at higher temperatures.
22 Relation between freezing point
and atmospheric pressure is:
(a) independent of each other
(b) inversely proportional
(c) directly proportional
the atmospheric pressure
(d) freezing point is twice
Ans. (b) inversely proportional
 Water | 63

E x p l a n a t i o n :

g point is
point inver
inversely related to lower will
be e

Freezing atmospheric pressure. Higher

Higher is the pressure,
eezing point
f r e e .
and vice sa.
pneric pressure.
pre>
Dissolved
impuritie or salts the
(a) increases
..

freezing point of water:

(c) does not affect
(b) reduces
(d) can increase or reduce
Ans. ( b ) reduces

Explanation:

or
of salts or
Presence of: dissolved the freezing point
: impurities
osence areresponsible for reducing or lowering
r
water. Moor More are the dissolved impurities, lower will be the freezing point.
KThe
of ice floating in water is that:
reason

(a) its density is less than water ( i t s density is s a m e as density of water

its density is more than water (d) its density is zero
(b)
its density is less than water
(a)
Ans. (a)

Explanation:

are inversely proportional,

The water on freezing expands. Its volume increases. As volume and density
is less than water.
therefore, on exparnsion its density will reduce. Thus, ice floats o n water as its density
25On freezing, when water gets converted to ice, the volume of
water:
(c) remains same
increases
(a) (d) cannot be predicted
(b) decreasees
Ans. (a) increases

Explanation:
to 100 volumes of
there in water. 92 volumes of water become equivalent
occurs expansion
On freezing,
increases and density reduces on expansion.
ice. Thus, its volume of water?
survive in colder conditions due to which of the following property
26 Fhe marine life can
below it.
on surface and
(a) Water freezes both
on surface but is
in liquid state below ice.
(b) freezes
Water only
bottom of water body.
(c) Water freezes only at
(d) High density of water. ice.
but is in liquid state below
Ans. (b) Water freezes only o n surface
 Ctric constant

Explanation:
SOudiny or
any substance depends on dielectric
the aielectric constant of solvent in which it is to be dissolvea. MOrE
constant, more will be the solubility. Solvent with
the attraction between high dielectric constants can reauce
positive and negative ions of salt to better extend. Thus, both are related. ign
am dielectric constant solvents reduce attraction between ions of salt more and vice versa.
ion 7 . Water is called as universal
solvent as it can dissolve:
54 (a) solids, liquids and gases
(c) only gases
(b) only solids
(d) only liquids
Ans. (a) solids, liquids and gases
Explanation:
Water, due to high dielectric constant, can dissolve not only solids, but also other liquids and gases.
Finding pure water is very difficult due to same reason. Hence, because of its ability to dissolve solids,
liquids and gases, it is called as universal solvernt.
38. When distilled water is kept in sealed bottle for a long time, what will be observed?
(a) Etchings on inner surface of the bottle
(c) Colour of bottle becomes faded
ic b) No significant change in bottle (d) Water in bottle becomes hazy
Ans. (a) Etchings on inner surface of the bottle

Explanation:
Water being universal solvent can even dissolve glass in traces. Because of the same reason if distilled
water is left in a sealed bottle for long, some traces of glass dissolves in water
(though it appears insoluble)
and there occurs etchings on inner surface of glass bottle.
3. Advantages of dissolved salts and minerals in water is/are:
(a) better taste of water (c) better taste and source of nutrients both
(b) source of nutrients for body (d) colourless nature of water
 Explanation:
As solubility of oxygen in water is more than solubility of nitrogen in water, the air dissolved in water has
higher % of oxygen in comparison to the atmospheric air. The % of oxygen in air dissolved in water is 33
unlike atmospheric air, where it is only 21%.
43. The pleasant taste of drinking water is due to the presence of:
(a) only air (c) only minerals
(b) only carbon dioxide (d) all of these
Ans. (d) all of these

Explanation:
The drinking water has got pleasant taste due
to dissolved air, carbon dioxide and minerals in it.
absent in distilled water and hence distilled water has got no taste.
are
These
44Importance of air dissolved in water is:
(a) survival of aquatic life because of dissolved oxygen
(b) marine organisms can build shells using carbon dioxide
(c) aquatic plants can utilise carbon dioxide for photosynthesis
(d) all of these
Ans. (d) all of these
 Explanation

olutions which are composed of either

Thesolutio

mounts of these components two or more

The amounts

can be components are called homog

de
nade up of
of only
only two changed
components, it is called as by changing their relative amounts. " is
7
medium which is used for dissolution of twobinary
T h em e d i u r solution.
is called as: or more o r e to form a
t Solution components
ponents to dissolve in it in order
in it
(a) Solute
(6) Solution
Ans. (d) Solvent (c) Water (d) Solvent

Explanation:

Solutions are made of two parts: solute and solvent.

Solvent is the medium in which components
and solute are the substances that dissolve. ausso
Which of the following is correct in case of
solutions?
(a) Solute Solution +Solvent (c) Solvent= Solution + Solute
b) Solution = Solute + Solvent
(d) Solution = Solvent - Solute
Ans. (b) Solution = Solute +Solvent
Explanation:
Solutions composed of two or more components are homogeneous solutions These are made of two partsS
Solute and solvent. Solution =Solute + Solvent.
49. If a solution is made up of solute and solvent belonging to different physical states, then solvent can be
the one which is:
(a) always a gas (c) of other state than that of the final solution
(b)always a liquid (d) same state as that of final solution
Ans.(d) same state as that of final solution

Explanation:
Solutions are made up of two components: solute and solvent. One that gets dissolved is solute and the
one that dissolves the other is solvent. In case the solute and solvent belong to different physical states,
then solvent will be the one which has same physical state as that of final solution.
S50/ If a solution is made up of solute and solvent belonging to the same physical state, then solvent will be the
one that is:
(a in excess (c) always water
(b) in minority (d) always gas
Ans. (a) in
excess
68 1ICSE Most
Likely Question Bank 1X

Explanation:
O t e and
solvents together solutions. olved is s
other is homogeneous
and the one that dissolves thecompose called as solvent. In caseTne
thepsolute and solvent belong t
Pnysical state, then solvent will be
51. Soda water is a
the one which will be present in exee
solution made up of:
(a) gas in solid (d) gas in
Ans. (d) gas in
(b) gas in gas ()solid in liquid liquid
liquid
Explanation:
Soda solution is
52. An
an
example of gas dissolved in liquid.
example of a solution made up of solid with solid is:
(a) sugar solution (b) alloys (c)sodasolution (d) water in alcoho
Ans. (b) alloys

Explanation
Alloys are made up of two or more solids. So, in this case solute and solvent component will both be
also called as solid solutions. is stainless steel, brass, etc
SOds. 1hese
53. $6lid solutions are:
are
Example
(a) homogeneous solutions of solid in solid (c) soda solution
b) heterogeneous solutions of solid in solid (d) water in alcohol
Ans. (a)
homogeneous solutions of solid in solid
Explanation:
Ahomogeneous solution made up of solid into another solid is called as solid solution. Example is bronze
54, Which of the following is not applicable for a true solution?
(a) It can scatter light.
(b) It is a homogeneous mixture.
(c) It is clear and transparent.
d) Its components cannot be separated by filtration.
Ans. It can scatter light. Ans.
(a)
Explanation:
True solutions have solute with particle size ranging around 10-10 m. The particle size is so small thatthey
completely dissolve in solvent. Its component cannot be separated and appears clear. It does not scate
light.
55. Which of the following is not an example of non-aqueous liquid solvents?
(a) Alcohol b) Water (c)Benzene (d) Ammonia
Ans. (b) Water

Explanation:
Solutions which have water as solvent are called as aqueous solutions and those which have other solvents
like benzene, ammonia, ether, alcohol, etc. as solvents are called as non-aqueous solutions. The solventso
non-aqueous solutions are called as non-aqueous solvents.
56. When alcohol is used as solvent, the solution is called as:
(a) tincture () heterogeneous solution
(b) aqueous solution (d) suspended solution
Ans. (a) tincture

Explanation
Solutions which have alcohol as solvent is called as tincture. Example of tincture is "tincture of iodine
iodine in alcohol.
which is solution of
 Water| 69

lete the given slatement:

$ Com

of
pihulesolu solutions are the solutions which have
amount of solute....oo. bn comparison
in
to the
amount

s o l v e n t
ule......
co
(a) much higher (d) rather small
(b) little higher (c) almost equal
d)rathersmall
Bxplanation

tions are the solutions which the amount

of
have very
Ery less amount
amount of
of solute
s in comparison to
s o l v e n t .

Solutions which have amount of solute relatively large for a given T called as:
"Y 1arge for a given mass of solvent are
(a) dilute solution
(c)truesolution
)unsaturated solution (d) concentrated solution
Oho
concentrated solution
AnS.
s. (d)
Explanation:

th be Concentrated solutions are the solutions which have relatively higher amount of solute for a given mass
of solvent.

Solution
which does not have tendency to dissolve more solute at a given temperature than already
59.
dissolved is called as:
(a) dilute solution
true solution
(b)unsaturated solution (d) saturated solution
saturated solution
Ans. (d)
onze Explanation:
Saturated solutions are the solutions which cannot dissolve more amount of solute than already present
at a given temperature.
6, A saturated solution can be converted to unsaturated solution by adding more:
(a) solute (b) salt (c)solvent (d) minerals
Ans. (c) solvent

Explanation:
Saturated solutions are the solutions which have no more tendency to dissolve additional solute. It can be
t they
catter converted to unsaturated solution by addition of more solvent to it.
61A solution in which additional solute can be dissolved than already dissolved, at a given temperature is
called as:
(a) saturated solution (c) unsaturated solution
(b) supersaturated solution (d) true solution
Ans.(c) unsaturated solution

Vents
Explanation:
ntso Solution which has more tendency to dissolve solute than already present, at a given temperature is called
as unsaturated solution.

The concentration of supersaturated solution in comparison to concentration of saturated solution is:

(a) more (b) less (c)equal (d) none of these
Ans. (a) more

Explanation:
A solution which contains more solute at a particular temperature than its saturated solution is called as
dine Bupersaturated solution. Supersaturated solutions have higher salt concentration than saturated solutions.
lhese are prepared by heating saturated solutions and adding more salt to it while heating.
 than high 8olubility is
70 CSE Most Likely Questlon
Bank IX

solubility than
negligible
but lower aled
that has greater (c) soluble
63. A substance which
(d) solvent
(a) insoluble
(b) sparingly soluble
Ans. (b) sparingly soluble

Explanation: solubility is called a s

but lower than high 0.17 g in 100 gn
than negligible
which has greater solubility Its solubility is
Substance
soluble salt is
calcium hydroxide. wate
soluble. Example of sparingly of the following
factors?
is affected by which
Solubility of a solid in liquid (c)Temperature
64. (a) Size of solute particle these
(d) All of
(b) Stirring
Ans. (d) All of these

Explanation: [Link]
stirring and temperature. Smaller tho
by
solute is affectedsize of the solute particle,
Solubility of a to stirring rate and temperature
is also directly proportional
particle,higher is its solubility. It
65. Complete the given statement . . with increase
in temperature.
endothermic process, the solubility of solute...
In an
(c) increases
(a) decreases
cannot be predicted
(b) remains same
(d)
Ans. (c) increases

Explanation:
For an endothermic process, solubility of a solute is directly proportional to the temperature. It incres.
Crease
with increase of temperature.
substance?
66. Which of the following is not an example of a hydrated
(c) Potassium nitrate
(a) Potash alum
(d) Plaster of Paris
(b) Blue vitriol
Ans. (c) Potassium nitrate

Explanation:
Substances which does not contain any associated water molecule along with salt are called as anhydrou
substances. Example: potassium nitrate, sodium chloride, etc.

67, Xdentify the chemical formula of Glauber's salt.

(a) NasO 10H1,O (c) Na SO4,2H,O

b) NaSO4H,0 (d) Na,SO,H,O

Ans. (a) Na,SO. 10H,0
Explanation:
Glauber's salt is chemically decahydrate sodium sulphate, also known as the mineral mirabilite. h
jdely used by chemical industry. Ir's formula is Na SO,10H,O.
68/A substance that does not contain water of crystallization is:*
(a) Blue vitriol
(c) Glauber's salt
(b) Common salt (d) Washing soda crystals
Ans. (b) Common salt

Explanation:
Common salt is chemically NaCl. It does not contain water of crystallisation. Blue vitriol is CuSO43
(5 molecules of water of
crystallisation), washing soda is Na,CO.10H,O (10 molecules of wat
crystallisation) Glauber's salt is Na,SO, 10H,O (10 molecules
and
of water of
Previous years Board Questions
crystallisation).
 Water 71

6 Mhich one of the

following is the chemical formula of Epsom
() MgsO,7H,0 (b) MgsO,BH,O sa (d) MgsO9H,0
Ans. (a) MgSO,711,0 (c) MgsO,1OH,O
Explanation:
salt is
Epsom chemically
remedy for many ailments. magnesium
People use itsulphate heptahydrate
to ease health MgSO,7H,O. Epson
problems, such as muscie
chloride is
70. ferric a:

(a) deliquescent salt (c) hygroscopic salt

(b) efflorescent salt
(d) none of these
Ans. (a) deliquescent salt
Explanation:
Deliquescence is the
process by which substance absorbs moisture from the
a
surrounding ut
dissolves in the water and forms a solution, All salts, which are soluble in water will deliquesce if the air

is sufficiently humid. Most deliquescent substances are salts. Major deliquescent salts include calciun
chloride, magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, ferric chloride, etc.
71,he pure water under normal conditions of pressure boils at:
(a) 0°C
(b) 50°C (c) 110 C (d) 100°C
Ans. (d) 100°C

Explanation
oling pont i5 defined as that temperature at which vapour pressure of liquid becomes equal to the
atmospheric pressure. In case of pure water, this happens at 100°C. Thus, boiling point under normal
conditions of pressure is 100°C.
72. Boiling point of water is affected by which of the following factors?
(a) Presence of surrounding air
(c)Density
(b) Dissolved gases (d) Pressure
Ans. (d) Pressure

Explanation:
The temperature at which vapour pressure of liquid becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure is called
as boiling point of that liquid. Pure water has boiling point of 100°C. At 100°C the vapour pressure of
water becomes equal to atmospheric pressure and water starts boiling. But as the surrournding pressure
changes, the boiling point starts deviating from normal. Higher is the pressure, more will be the boiling
point.
73 Relation between boiling point of water and atmospheric pressure is:
(a) inversely proportional
(b) independent of each other
(c) directly proportional
(d) boiling point is twice the atmospheric pressure
Ans. (o) directly proportional
Explanation:
Boiling point is defined as that temperature at which vapour pressure of liquid becomes equal to
atmospheric pressure. Higher is the pressure, more will be the boiling point. Hence, we can conclude that
they are directly proportional.
4The water of crystallisation is responsible for providing:
(a) shape to crystal only
b) colour of crystal only
72 ICSE Most Likely Question Bank-X
c) both shape and colour to
crystal in some cases
(d) smell to crystal
Ans. (c) both shape and colour to
crystal in some cases

Explanation This water is

responsi
Water associated with
crystals of some salt is called as water of
crystallisation.
colour to crystal. For
sible te
giving shape to erystals. In some cases, it is also responsiblefor providing [Link]
Sulphate has got blue crystalline form due to water of crystallsation
75. The water of
crystallisation in Epsom salt is: (d) 3
(a) 5 (b) 7 ()10

Ans. (b)

Explanation:
and which are integral part
rt of crystal
Number of water molecules associa with hydrated crystal So waterrof crystallisatio
called as water of crystallisation. The formu for Epsom salt is MgSO,.7H,0.
value is 7 in this case.
76. The formula for white vitriol is:
(c) CaSO1/2H,0
a) CusO,5H,O
(d) CaSO42H,0
b) ZnSO,7H,O
Ans. (b) ZnSO47H,O

Explanation:
The formula for white vitriol is ZnSO,7H,O.
77. The shape of FeSO4 crystals is:
(c) Rhombohedric
(a) Octahedral
(d) Prismatic
(b) Cubic
Ans. (a) Octahedral

Explanation
The shapes of crystal can be of following types: Cubic (eg. NaCI), Rhombohedric (eg. Cuso), Octahed
(eg. FeSO) and prismatic (eg. KNO,).
78. Substances which can absorb moisture from atmosphere as soon as they are exposed to it are called as
c) hygroscopic substances
(a) drying agents
(d) desiccants
b) dehydrating agents
Ans. (c) ygroscopic substances

Explanation:
Substances which can absorb moisture from atmosphere as soon as they are exposed to it are caled. a
hygroscopic substances. For example: quicklime, conc. sulphuric acid, etc.
79. True solutions have solute particles with size of about
(a) 10-10m (b) 10-2m c) 10 m (d) 10 m
Ans. (a) 10-10 m

Explanation:
Solutions which have solute particles with particle size ranging around 10-10 m are called as true solutins
In these, the solute and solvent particles cannot be separated or distinguished even under high resolvng
instruments.
80. Which of the following is used in drying of gases?

(a) Conc. HNO, b) Conc. H,SO (c) Conc. HCI None of these
(d)
Ans. (b) Conc. H,SO
 Water T

Explanation

water
from any
centrated sunpnuric acid is absorb

Coce without being dissolvedhygroscopic

can used
in nature, Due to this, they uing agent and
in it. Hence, acid is a drying agent
concentrated
ntrated sulphuric
sulp
it can
r e m o v e
water

i na
lphuricacid r affinity to water.
Hence,
from othersubsta
ules trom substance. That's why it is called
molecules
umina is an example of a/an:
a
dehydrating agent
for
per ) hy groscopic substance (c) drying agent
efflorescence
(d) dehydrating agent
Ans.( a ) d e dehydrating agent
E x p l a n a t i o n :

hemically
Alumina is che Al,Og. It is a commonly used dehydratin agent. Alumina absorbs water to give
alum
aminium hydroxide, a solid which removes the water from the reaction environment.
al is
tion Give One Word

2Aso.
calvent that has the ability to dissolve a wide range of substances in it.
Ans. Universal solvent

The
3, I h
amount of heat energy required by ice to change into water.
heat of fusion
AnS. Latent
A mixture of
two
more compounds whose composition may be gradually changed by changing
or
the relative amounts of components.
Ans. Homogeneous mixture

K. ASolution in which size of the solute particles is about 10-10m.

Ans. True solution

K A solution that holds more solute than its solubility solution at that temperature.
Ans. Supersaturated solution

87. A solution
where solvent is a liquid other than water.
edral Ans. Non-aqueous solution
solution.
88. A substance which
absorbs moisture from the atomosphere but does not form a
as: Ans. Hygroscopic substance
water of
crystallisation on exposure to dry air.
89A compound which loses its
Ans. Deliquiscent compound.
90. A substance which contains water crystallisation.
of
Ans. Hydrated substance
combined elements of water in the ratio of
2:1 (hydrogen and oxygen)
substance that can remove
[Link]
ed as from a compound.
Ans, Dehydrating agent of water.
92. A salt of calcium that temporary hardness
causes

Ans. Calcium bicarbonate (Ca(HCO3))

hardness of water.
A salt of magnesium that causes permanent
Anú. Magnesium chloride (MgCh)
Underlined
tions. Name One for
lving
solid is called solid solution
solid into another
A homogeneous solution of a
Ans. Brass
ese
considerable increase in their solubility with rise in temperature.
Some substances show
Ans. Sodium nitrate
74 ICSE Most Likely Question Bank -
IX

[Link] substances have negligible solubility and they are called insoluble.
Ans. Silver chloride
97. Amineral which is found in abundance in large deposits of volcano tuff.
Ans. Zeolite
98. A solution in which more of the solute can be dissolved at a given temperature.
Ans. Unsaturated solution
99 Some compounds lose their water of crystallisation on exposure to dry air.
Ans. Glauber's salt
100. A crystalline substance which dose not contain water of crystallisation.
Ans. Common salt (NaCl)
101. A substance which is used to absorb water vapour from the air.
Ans. Anhydrous calcium chloride
102. An air-tight glass vessel which contains suitable drying agent at the bottom.
Ans. Desiccator
that readily absorb moisture from other substances without
103 Drying agents are the substances can

chemically reacting with them.

Ans. Phosphorus pentoxide
 Reasoning Based Questions Ar

104. Marine life exists in the colder

regions of the world.
Ans. The property of anomalous
expansion of water enables marine life to exist in the colder region A

world. Because of this phenomenon when the water freezes at the surface, it remains as liquid ha
ice layer as density of water is greater than the density of ice and ice is a bad conductor of heat elow the
105. Pressure cookers are used in hilly areas also.
Ans. In the hilly areas water boils at a temperature lower than 100°C with atmospheric pressure
being llow an
re beine
so food is not cooked properly there. Therefore, pressure cookers are useful in the hills.
[Link] lime is used for drying NH3
Ans. Quick lime being basic in nature is suitable for drying NH a basic gas. Basic gas will not .c
react
base. with
107. Air absorbs more water with rising temperature and decreasing moisture.
Ans. The higher the temperature of the air, the higher the efflorescence. This is why the air absorbs more
with rising temperature and decreasing moisture. wate
108. Water is considered as a compound.
Ans. Water is made up of two elements, hydrogen and oxygen, which are in the ratio of 1:8 by mass; hen
water is considered as a compound.
109. Ice at 0°C has more cooling effect than water at 0°C.
Ans. Ice at 0°C has more cooling effect than water at 0°C because ice at 0°C absorbs 336J per gram ofenergvt
melt to 0°C water.
110. Effervescence is seen on opening a soda water bottle.
Ans. Carbon dioxide is dissolved in soda water under high pressure. On opening the bottle, pressure get
released; therefore, the solubility of CO in water decreases and the gas rapidly bubbles out.
111. Anhydrous CaCl2 is used in desiccators.
Ans. Anhydrous CaCl2 is deliquescent and absorbs moisture. So, anhydrous CaClh used in desicator.
112. Ferric chloride is stored in airtight bottles.
Ans. Ferric chloride is highly deliquescent in nature, ie., when exposed to atmosphere, it absorbs moisture and
converted into its saturated solution. Therefore, it should be stored in airtight bottles.
gets
113. Table salt becomes wet and sticky during rainy season.*
chloride which
Ans. Table salt which is chemically sodium chloride contains the impurities of magnesium
are deliquescent (when exposed to atomosphere,
absorbs moisture and gets convereted to saturated
season. Sodium chloride is
common salt becomes wet and sticky during rainy
solution). Therefore,
neither hygroscopic nor deliquecent.
Previous years Board Questions
 Water| 75

114
soda loses weight when
W a s h i n g

A n s .
Washing sodaa
rumbles dowr
wn to
is an
efflorescent exposed to
salt; when atmosphere. it loses water of crystallisation
and

form expos to atmosphere,

dwater
ard water is used for powder. Thus, it
the prenaus, it loses weight
tor the
OSed
preparation of weight when exposed to atmosphere
salts so it beverages
115
ater is free from and wines.
As So, [Link] water is used dissolved
ft
water makes it tasty
in the a t taste. The presence of salts in hard
has lflat
tio of p
116Hard water
is not used for preparation
beverages and wines.
or washing purpose, soapwashing
is used. purpose.
Soap is chemically a sodium salt of stearic acid. If the water is rd
Ans e calcium and
magnesium ions of the
limy precipitate ot insoluble ocalcium andwater combine
magnesium
water with
combinesalts the negative
which
with is termea ions
as of tthere.
the soap
curd toNo
fo
or scum. ra
soap
The
formatiorn soap cura will go on as long
or

calcium
ther is formed
lather and
cleaning of cloth
as and magnesium ions are
pres
and body will not be effective.

thout
Observation Based Questions
lue crystals of hydrated copper sulphate are heated in
When blue
a test tube.
Ans. crystals of hydrated copper
blue solid when sulphate heated in a test
est tube, they turn into white powder,
are
which turns back into a
a few
dGFew crystals of pure
sodium chloride are heated. drops of water are added.

ns. When few crystals ot pure sodium chloride are

This is due to the breaking of bigger crystals ofheated, they produce a crackling sound called decrepitation.
the 19. Few crystals of
sodium chloride into smaller ones.
the
potassium nitrate are heated.
Ans. When few crystals of potassium nitrate are
strong heating they produce oxygen, which
heated, they first melt into a colourless liquid and then on
rekindles a
glowing splinter. A light yellow solid of
nitrite is left behind. potassium
and
120. A burette filled completely with water is inverted over the end of the
and heated. delivery tube in a
trough ot water
Ans. Gas bubbles are seen
escaping from
water. They are collected in the
th a graduated tube by downward
displacement of water. Thus, water vapour in the gases condense on coming in contact with cold water in
the tube.
[Link] calcium chloride is exposed to air for some time.
ater Ans. When anhydrous calcium chloride is
exposed to air it becomes wet because calcium chloride is
(hygroscopic) in nature and absorbs water from the air. deliquescent
122. Water is added to anhydrous
ce,
copper sulphate."
Ans. When water is added to
anhydrous copper sulphate (white solid), it turns blue in colour as it gets converted
into hydrated copper sulphate, CuSO,.5H,O (blue in colour).
to
Fill in the blanks

ets 3. In. * *************** ...

process solubility of solute increases with increase in temperature.

Ans. endothermic (endothermic/exothermic
124.
Solubility of solids in water usually increases with rise in .
**************** (pressure/temperature)
Ans. temperature
d 125. *******************
... is called as universal solvent. (Water/Alcohol)
Ans. Water
6. Aquatic plants make use of dissolved. ************e. for photosynthesis. (carbon dioxide/oxygen)
Ans. carbon dioxide
27. The boiling ...due to the presence of dissolved
point of water... ***e********

impurities in it.
Ans. increases (increases/decreas
revious years Board Questions
76 ICSE Most Likely Question Bank- 1X
water for theircellular respiration.
128. Marine life, like fish, use.**** ********** dissolved in
(oxygen/nit Ans

Ans. oxygen
.acts as solvent.
(copper/zinc)
129. In the solid solution of brass. .*********a

Ans. copper water/Hard water)

checks the poisoning of water by
lead pipes. (Soft
130. .
Ans. Hard water is called temporarily hard
has
..of calcium and magnesium
131 Water that contains only..* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

(hydrogen carbonates/sulph
Ans. hydrogen carbonates
132. Pure water boils at. . (100°C/0°C)

Ans. 100°C

Match the Columns

Column-B
133. Column-A
() Causticpotash
Efflorescent substance
1
2. Deliquescent substance (ii) Dry sodium sulphate
(ii) Washing soda
3. Drying agents (iv)Conc. sulphuric acid
4. Hygroscopicsubstance
(v)Silica gel
5. Dehydrating agent
Column-B
Column-A
Ans.
Washing soda
Efflorescent substance (ii)
Deliquescent substance ()Caustic potash
(i) Dry sodium sulphate
3. Drying agents
4. Hygroscopic substance ( ) Silica
gel
(iv) Conc. sulphuricacid
5. Dehydrating agent
Column-B
Column-A
134.
1. Epsom salt (i) Hydrated potassium aluminium sulphate
(ii) Copper (11) sulphate heptahydrate
2. Gypsum
3. Plaster of Paris (ii) Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate
| 4 Potash alum (iv) Calcium sulphate dihydrate
(v) Calcium sulphate hemihydrate
5. Blue vitriol
Column-B
Ans. Column-A
Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate
i11)
|1. Epsom salt

2. Gypsum (iv) Calcium sulphate dihydrate

3. Plaster of Paris (v)Calcium sulphate hemihydrate

4 Potash alum Hydrated potassium aluminium sulphate

5 . Blue vitriol (i) Copper (1)sulphate heptahydrate
135. Column-A Column-B
Specific value of latent heat of vaporisahon
[Link]
of water

336 J/g (ii) Deliquescence substance

540cal/g (ii) Efflorescentsubstance
4. Washing soda (iv) Hygroscopic substance
latent heat of fusion ot
5. Magmesium chloride T()|Specificvalue of
 Water 77

A n S .

2
Quick lime Column-A Column-B
336 J/g
540 cal/g (iv) Hygroscopic substance
heat offusion of ice
(v) Specific value of latent
heat of vaporisation
(0) Specific value of latent
Washing soda of water
5. Magnesium chloride (ii) Efflorescentsubstance
(ii) Deliquescence substance
Identify the Gas or Substance
I36 .
lt. whose solubility increases
Sodium chloride (NaCI) rapidly with rise of
temperature."
A n s .S o d i

he substance having more than

Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH), negligible but less than high solubility.
Ans
sintbstance obtained on
138. The substance

ulhite amorphous copper heating blue vitriol crystals.

Ans.
sulphate (CuSO) and water
added to hard water
which bicarbonates(HO)
139. R e a c t a n t .
due to
Ans. Lime (CaO) of calcium and c
magnesium are precipitated.
140. A reddish-b -brown gas liberated on
Ans. Nitrogen dioxide heating lead nitrate crystals."
141. The substance which causes
AnS. Calcium sulphate (Caso)
permanent hardness in water

Distinguish Between
142. Epsom salt and Quicklime (type of substance)
Ans. Epsom salt
Epsom salt is a efflorescent substance. Ouick lime
| Quick lime is a hygroscopic substance.
143. Sodium nitrate and Calcium sulphate dihydrate (Solubility on increasing temperature)
Ans. Sodium nitrate
Calcium sulphate dihydrate
Solubility increase with rise in temperature. After attaining certain
a
temperature, solubility
decrease with further increases in temperature.
144. Endothermic and Exothermic process (Solubility)
ANS.
Endothermie processS Exothermic process
In this process, the solubility of the solute
| In this process, the solubility of the solute increases
increases with increase in temeprature. with lowering in
temperature.
145. Dilute and Concentrated solution
Ans. Dilute solution Concentrated solution
In this solution, the amount of solute is less as In this solution, the amount of solute is relatively
Compared to the mass ofthe solvent. more for a given mass of the solvent.
4Unsaturated and Saturated solution
Ans Unsaturated
solution Saturated solution
A solution in which more solute can be dissolved A solution in which more solute cannot be dissolved
at a given temperature at a given temperature.

evious years Board Questions

 a n a carbonates Or calcium ana magnesiuml.

Balancing and Writing Chemical Equations

152. Balance the following chemical equations:*
(a) PbO+ NH Pb +H,O+ Na
(b) CH,OH +O,>CO, + H,O

(c) Fe+OFeO4
Ans. (a) 3 PbO+2 NH3 Pb +3 H,O+ N2
(b) CH,OH+302Co, +3 H,O
(c) 3Fe+20, >Fe,O
153. Write a balanced chemical equation for each of the following
(a) Action of heat on calcium bicarbonate
b) Action of dilute sulphuric acid on sodium carbonate
(b)
(c) Action of hot water on heated magnesium
(d) Action of dilute hydrochloric acid on iron.
(e) Action of sodium hydroxide solution on aluminium.
Heat
Ans. (a) CaHCO CaCO +
CO2 H,O
Calcium bicarbonate Calcium carbonate Carbon dioxide water

(b) HSO4aq)
Dil-sulphuric acid
+
Na,COlag)
Sodium carbonate
HO
Water
+CO2p)
Carbon dioxide
Na,504aq)
Sodium sulphate
(c) Mg (s) + H,O(g) MgO (s) +Hal8)
Magnesium Steam Magnesium oxide Hydrogen gas
Previous years Board Questions
 Water 779

(d) 2 Fe(s)
Iron
+6HCI(aq) 2 FeCl,(aq) 3 H(g)
[Link] acid Ferric chloride Hydrogen
(e) 2A 3NaOH Al(OH), +3 Na
Aluminium Sodium hydroxide White ppt.
AI(OH) NaOH Na'[Al(OH)
Sodium tetrahydroxoaluminate (1I1)
(Soluble complex)

Chemical Naming and Formulation

, Write the chemical formula of the following substances:"
(a) Caustic potash
(b) Quick lime
(c) Blue Vitriol
Ans. (a) KOH

(b) CaO

(c) CuSO5H,0

Define
the Following
[Link] solution
is called
Ans. A solution that contains more solute than its saturated solution at a given temperature
supersaturated solution.

156 Concentration of a solution

solution.
Ans. Concentration of a solution is defined as the amount of solute dissolve in a given quantity of that
157. Mass percent
solute in grams present in 100 grams of the solution. It is used
Ans. Mass percent is defined as the mass of solid
when solute is solid and solvent is liquid.

158Solubility saturated solution at a

Ans. Solubility is defined as the amount of solute dissolve
in 100g of solvent to form a
particular temperature.
159. Binary solution
Ans. A solution which is made up of two component
is termed as binary solution.
160. Volume percent It is used
solute in millilitres presernt in 100mL of solution.
Ans. Volume percent is defined as the volume of
when solute and solvent both are liquids.
[Link] crystals of substance are obtained by cooling a hot saturated
process in which
a
Ans. Crystallisation is a

solution.
162 Aygrosocpy and holding water molecues via absorption.
Ans. Hygroscopy is a phenomenon of attracting
163/Efflorescence loses its water of crystallisation on exposure to dry air.
Ans. Eflorescence is a phenomenon where a compound
164. Drying agents
absorb moisture from other substances without chemically
Anis. Drving agents are the substances which readily
reacting with them.
165. Defíquescence
virtue of which a solid substance absorbs water from atmosphere and i=
Ans. Deliquescence is the property by
solution. For example,
solid soidum hydroxide, magnesium chloride, etc.
converted into a

Previous years Board Questions

 Bank Ix
Question
80 IcSEMostLikely

Flgure and Table Based Questions

166. Complete the following table: rEff Eflorescent hygroscopi
Common name
Chemical formula or deliquescentsubstance

Quick lime

Washing soda
Chemical formula Efflorescent, hygroscopic or
Ans.
Common name
deliquescent substance
Hygroscopic substance
CaO
Quick lime Efflorescent substance
Na,CO.10OH,O
Washing soda
167. Complete the following table:
Number of water molecules
in Efflorescent, hygroscopic or
Chemical name the compound deliquescentsubstance
Glauber's salt
Epsom salt
in Efflorescent, hygroscopic or
Number of water molecules
Ans. Chemical name
thecompound deliquescentsubstance
Efflorescent substance
Glauber's salt 10, (Na,SO410H,O)
Elorescent subsatnce
Epsom salt 7, (MgSO47H,O)
168. Complete the following table:
Chemical formula Acid, base or salt
Common name
Solid causticsoda
|Blue vitriol
Solid caustic potash
Common Name Chemical formula Acid, base of salt
Ans.
NaOH Base
Solid causticsoda
| Blue vitrol CuSO.5H,0 Salt
KOH Base
Solid causticpotash
169. Identify A, B, C and D.
(A)

(B)
Solid Liquid - Gas
(D)

(C)
Ans.
Latent heat of
fusion
(A) Latent heat of vaporisation

(B)
Sold Liquid Gas
(D)
Latent heat of
solidification
(c)
Latent heat of
condensation
 Water

Short Answer Tupe Questions

Name the as evolved when potassium nitrate is heated.
170
A n s .X Y g e n

y considered as a universal solvent'. Explain. solids but 8

not only
lves many
W a t e rd i s s o l v
substances forming aqueous
aqueous solutions. In water,
are also dissolved. Therefou g
Añs.
tiquids water. wae

lain the effect oftemperature solubility of KNO, and CaO, in 1n

Explair
on
of CaSO4
in and solubility
dhubility of KNO, water increases with increase in temperature

Ans.3
creases with increase in temperature.
decre

factors which affect the solubility of solid lute in a solvent.

three
Mention thr

which
Factors w h i c h affect the solubility of a solid solute in a solvent are:

A n s .

Size of particle
i) Temperature, and

(ii) Stirring

Write three characteristics of

solution. a
174

Following are the characteristics of a solution:

Ans.
The solute particles in a solution do not settle down.
G Its components cannot be separated by filtration.
i) It does not scatter light. or
latent heat of vapourisation
latent heat ot vapourisation of water. What is the specific value of
75. Define
water?
at its boiling8
water into its vapour
vaporisation of
ofwater is the energy required to change is 2268
Ans. Latent heat
of water
without any change in temperature. The specific
value of latentheat of vaporisation
point
How can we know solution is saturated solution?
a
176. () solution?
How can a saturated solution be converted into unsaturated
(i) in the solution.
Asolution is called saturated solution if possible to be dissolved
more solute is not
Ans. ) two ways:
unsaturated solution by the following
(i) A saturated solution is converted into
(a) By adding solvent, b) heating the solution, or
By (c) By increasing temperature.
the product of the following reactions:
[Link]
() Na,sO4.10H,O Dy air
(i) 2KNO,
(ii) Cuso,5H,OConc.H$O4
Ans. (i) Na,sO,10H,O=Dry ai Na,sO +10H,O
i) 2KNO- Heat 2KNO, +O2T
Potassium nitrite
Potassium nitrate

ii) CusO. 5H,O

Conc. H,0 CuSO, +5HO
White
Blue

78. Why do rivers and lakes not freeze easily? latent heat of solidification of water.
Ans,Rivers and lakes do not freeze easily because of high specific
19. Explain the terms:
i) Solution
(i) Solute
(ii) Solvent
 82 | ICSE Most Likely Question Bank - Ix
more components whose com
Ans. (i) A solution is
may be
a homogeneous mixture
changed by changing the relative
consists of two
amounts of the
or

component
solute.
omposit,
The small amount of substance which dissolves in a solvent is called
(ii) dissolved to form a
solution.
are
1i) A solvent is the medium where one o r more components
180. Solubility of NaCl at 40°C is 36.5 g. What is meant by this statements
100 g of water ataa temperature
tempera
Ans. Solubility of NaCl at 40°C is 36.5 g means 36.5 g of NaCl dissolves in
40°C. to the atmosphere?
does white powder when left exposed
washing soda coat with a
[Link] partly when expo.
it loses water of crystallisation osed
Ans. Washing soda is efflorescent substance. So,
atomosphere and change into white powder.
182. What is water of crystallisation? oof their
compounds which are integral rt
part
associated with some
Ans. The fixed amount of water that is
structure is called water of cystallisation.
crystalline
183. Write the chemical formula of the following:
(i) Glauber's salt
(i) Potash alum
Ans. (1) Glauber's salt: Na,SO,.10H,O
(i) Potash alum: [Link],(SOD3.24H,O
solution of potassium nitrate forms crystal. Explain.
184. On cooling, hot saturated decreases. Hence, when a saturat
urated
the solubility of potassium nitrate
Ans. With a decrease in temperature, from the solution to form crystals.
solution of potassium nitrate
cools e x c e s s of nitrate separates
season? Explain.
on exposure to
humid air during the stormy
185. Why does table salt get sticky and calcium chloride, which an
amount impurities
like magnesium chloride
small
Ans. Table salt contains moisture in rainy s e a s o n to turn it sticky.
This will make the table salt absorb
substance.
deliquescent crystals are heated."
residue when hydrated copper sulphate
186. State the colour of the sulphate crystals are heated:
white when the hydrated copper
Ans. The colour of the residue obtained is
CusO 5H,O2eaCuSO4+ 5H,O
White crystals
Blue crystals