Problem 5 𝐴𝐻 𝑝0
3
A closed tank is full of liquid with density 𝜌 =1000 kg/m . Length A
of a tank (perpendicularly to the drawing) 𝑏=1.1 m, radius of a ℎ𝐶𝐺 𝑉
tank 𝑅=1 m. The pressure gauge measures 𝑝𝑔 =27.8 kPa.
Determine the amount of the horizontal and vertical 𝐴𝑉 R=1.0m
components of the total resultant force acting on surface AB. B
Solution:
The horizontal component of the total resultant force acting on
the curved surface is equal to the resultant force 𝐹𝐻 acting on
the vertical projection of curved surface. This projection is
rectangle 1x1.1 m.
To perform calculations, the location of the free surface must
be assumed. We will assume the free surface which goes 𝑝𝑔 =27.8 kPa
through the upper of the tank (in this case this is also an actual
free surface).
Case a)
Considering the vertical distance from the pressure gauge to the free surface ℎ = −2𝑅=-2 m, the pressure acting on free
surface
𝑝0 = 𝑝𝑔 + 𝜌𝑔ℎ = 27800 + 1000 ∙ 9.81 ∙ (−2)=8180 (Pa)
Vertical distance from free surface to centre of vertical projection of AB:
ℎ𝐶𝐺 = 𝑅/2=1/2=0.5 (m)
The horizontal component of force
𝐹𝐻 = (𝑝0 + 𝜌𝑔ℎ𝐶𝐺 )𝐴𝑉 = (8180 + 1000 ∙ 9.81 ∙ 0.5) ∙ 1 ∙ 1.1 =14.39e3 (N).
The vertical component of force is pressure acting on the free surface multiplied by the area of horizontal projection plus
volume above the curved surface and to the free surface, multiplied by density of liquid and gravitational acceleration
(weight of liquid, that would fill the said volume). The volume is the hatched area, multiplied by the length of the tank.
𝜋∙12
𝐹𝑉 = 𝑝0 𝐴𝐻 + 𝜌𝑔𝑉 = 8180 ∙ 1 ∙ 1.1 + 1000 ∙ 9.81 ∙ (1 ∙ 1 − 4
)∙ 1.1 =11.31e3 (N).