MARKING GUIDE

UMTA 425/1
2022
NO SOLUTION MKS COMMENT
1 𝑦 = tan−1 (
𝑎𝑥−𝑏
)
𝑏𝑥+𝑎
𝑎𝑥−𝑏
tan 𝑦 =
𝑏𝑥+𝑎
𝑑𝑦 (𝑏𝑥+𝑎)∙𝑎−(𝑎𝑥−𝑏)∙𝑏
𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑦 = (𝑏𝑥+𝑎)2
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑎2 +𝑏2
𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑦 = (𝑏𝑥+𝑎)2
𝑑𝑥

But 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑦 = 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑦

𝑎𝑥−𝑏 2
=1+( )
𝑏𝑥+𝑎
(𝑏𝑥+𝑎)2 +(𝑎𝑥−𝑏)2
= (𝑏𝑥+𝑎)2

𝑏2 𝑥 2 +2𝑎𝑏𝑥+𝑎2 +𝑎2 𝑥 2 −2𝑎𝑏𝑥+𝑏2

= (𝑏𝑥+𝑎)2

𝑏2 𝑥 2 +𝑏2 +𝑎2 +𝑎2 𝑥 2

= (𝑏𝑥+𝑎)2

𝑏2 (1+𝑥 2 )+𝑎2 (1+𝑥 2 )

= (𝑏𝑥+𝑎)2

(𝑎2 +𝑏2 )(1+𝑥 2 )

= (𝑏𝑥+𝑎)2

𝑑𝑦 𝑎2 +𝑏 2 (𝑏𝑥+𝑎)2 1
 = (𝑏𝑥+𝑎)2 ∙ (𝑎2 =
𝑑𝑥 +𝑏2 )(1+𝑥 2 ) 1+𝑥 2

05
2 4 𝑥 2 +𝑥
∫1 2𝑥+1 𝑑𝑥
√

Let 𝑢 = √2𝑥 + 1
𝑢2 = 2𝑥 + 1
2𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑢𝑑𝑢
𝑢2 −1
 𝑥=
2
𝑢4 −2𝑢2 +1
𝑥2 =
4

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 3 𝑢4 −2𝑢2 +1 𝑢2 −1
 ∫√3 ( + ) 𝑑𝑢
4 2
1 3
= ∫√3(𝑢4 − 1) 𝑑𝑢
4
3
1 𝑢5
= [ − 𝑢]
4 5 √3
5
1 35 (√3)
= [( − 3) − ( − √3)]
4 5 5

= 11.0535894
= 11.0536 (4 dps)

05
3 L. H. S =
sin 𝑥+sin 3𝑥+sin 5𝑥
cos 𝑥+cos 3𝑥+cos 5𝑥
sin 5𝑥+sin 𝑥+sin 3𝑥
=
cos 5𝑥+cos 𝑥+cos 3𝑥
2 sin 3𝑥 cos 2𝑥+sin 3𝑥
=
2 cos 3𝑥 cos 2𝑥+cos 3𝑥
sin 3𝑥(2 cos 2𝑥+1)
=
cos 3𝑥(2 cos 2𝑥+1)

= tan 3𝑥
=R. H. S
05
4 Let 𝜃 be the required angle
For 𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 5 = 0
1 5 1
𝑦 = 𝑥 + , 𝑚1 =
3 3 3

For 𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 1 = 0
1 1 1
𝑦 = − 𝑥 + , 𝑚2 = −
2 2 2
𝑚1 −𝑚2
From tan 𝜃 =
1+𝑚1 𝑚2
1 1
+
3 2
= 1 1
1+ ×−
3 2

5⁄
=56=1
⁄6

∴ 𝜃 = tan−1 (1) = 450

05

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5 𝑦=𝑥−
1
𝑥

Vertical asymptotes , 𝑦 −undefined

𝑥=0
Slanting asymptote
𝑦=𝑥
Intercepts
𝑥; 𝑦 = 0
0 = 𝑥2 − 1
𝑥 = ±1; (−1,0) and (1,0)
𝑦
𝑦=𝑥

1
𝑦 =𝑥−𝑥

(−1,0) (1,0) 𝑥=2 𝑥

2 1
A= ∫1 (𝑥 − ) 𝑑𝑥
𝑥
2
𝑥2
𝐴=[ − ln 𝑥]
2 1
1
𝐴 = (2 − ln 2) − ( − ln 1)
2

𝐴 = 0.806852819
𝐴 = 0.8069 sq. units
05
6 √(3𝑥 − 𝑥) − √(7 + 𝑥) = √(16 + 2𝑥)

√2𝑥 − √(7 + 𝑥) = √(16 + 2𝑥)

Squaring both sides
2𝑥 − 2√14𝑥 + 4𝑥 2 + 7 + 𝑥 = 16 + 2𝑥
3𝑥 + 7 − 2√14𝑥 + 4𝑥 2 = 16 + 2𝑥

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 −2√14𝑥 + 4𝑥 2 = 9 − 𝑥
Squaring both sides again
4(14𝑥 + 4𝑥 2 ) = 81 − 18𝑥 + 𝑥 2
56𝑥 + 16𝑥 2 = 81 − 18𝑥 + 𝑥 2
15𝑥 2 + 74𝑥 − 81 = 0
( )( ) = 0
05
7 No. of arrangement =
7!
= 840 arrangements
3!

MXMM AIU
4!
No. of arrangement = × 4! = 96 arrangenents
3!

05
8 From distance =
|𝑎𝑥0 +𝑏𝑦0 +𝑐𝑧0 +𝑑|
√𝑎2 +𝑏2 +𝑐 2
|4(6)+3(−1)+5(2)−14|
=
√62 +(−1)2 +22
17
= units
√41

05
9 (a) N
(b) Let 𝜃 be the angle required
1 3
𝒏 = (−2) , 𝒅 = ( 4 )
1 12
𝒅 ∙ 𝒏 = |𝒅||𝒏| sin 𝜃
3 1
( 4 ) ∙ (−2) = √9 + 16 + 144√1 + 4 + 1 sin 𝜃
12 1
3 − 8 + 12 = √169√6 sin 𝜃
7 = 13√6 sin 𝜃
7
𝜃 = sin−1 ( ) = 12.70
13√6

05
10 (a)

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 5𝑚

𝑟 10 𝑚

From similarities of figures

𝐻 𝑅
=
ℎ 𝑟
10 5
=
ℎ 𝑟
ℎ
𝑟=
2
1
𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ
3

1 ℎ 2 𝜋ℎ 3
𝑉 = 𝜋( ) ℎ =
3 2 12
𝑑𝑉 𝜋ℎ 2
=
𝑑ℎ 4
𝑑𝑉 𝑑𝑉 𝑑ℎ
= ∙
𝑑𝑡 𝑑ℎ 𝑑𝑡
𝜋ℎ 2 𝑑ℎ
1∙5= ∙
4 𝑑𝑡
𝑑ℎ 6
=
𝑑𝑡 𝜋ℎ 2
𝑑ℎ 6 3
When ℎ = 4𝑚; = = 𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑛−1
𝑑𝑡 𝜋×16 8𝜋

(b) Intercepts
𝑥; 𝑦 = 0
0 = 𝑥 (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)
𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 1, 𝑥 = 2
∴ (0,0), (1,0) and (2,0)
As 𝑥 → +∞, 𝑦 → +∞
As 𝑥 → −∞, 𝑦 → −∞

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 𝑦

𝑦 = 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥

𝐴𝐼
(0,0) (1,0) (2,0) 𝑥
𝐴𝐼𝐼

𝐴 = 𝐴𝐼 + 𝐴𝐼𝐼
1
𝐴1 = ∫0 (𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
1
𝑥4
𝐴𝐼 = [ − 𝑥3 + 𝑥2]
4 0
1 1
𝐴𝐼 = ( − 1 + 1) − 0 = sq. units
4 4
1
𝐴𝐼𝐼 = ∫0 (𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
2
𝑥4
𝐴𝐼𝐼 = [ − 𝑥3 + 𝑥2]
4 1
1 1
𝐴𝐼𝐼 = (4 − 8 + 4) − ( − 1 + 1) = − sq. units
4 4
1 1 1
∴ 𝐴 = + = sq. units
4 4 2

12
11 𝑓 (𝑥 ) =
𝑥 4 +𝑥 3 −6𝑥 2 −13𝑥−6
=
𝑥 4 +𝑥 3 −6𝑥 2 −13𝑥−6
𝑥 3 −7𝑥−6 (𝑥+1)(𝑥−3)(𝑥+2)

𝑥 4 +𝑥 3 −6𝑥 2 −13𝑥−6 𝐶 𝐷 𝐸
Let (𝑥+1)(𝑥−3)(𝑥+2)
≡ 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵 + + +
𝑥+1 𝑥−3 𝑥+2
4 3 2
𝑥 + 𝑥 − 6𝑥 − 13𝑥 − 6 ≡ (𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵)(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 + 1) + 𝐶(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 2) +
𝐷(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 2) + 𝐸(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 3)

Put 𝑥 = 3; 81 + 27 − 54 − 39 − 6 = 20𝐷
9
9 = 20𝐷; ∴ 𝐷 = 20

Put 𝑥 = −2; 16 − 8 − 24 + 26 − 6 = 5𝐶
4
4 = 5𝐸; ∴ 𝐸 = 5

Put 𝑥 = −1; 1 − 1 − 6 + 13 − 6 = −4𝐶

1
1 = −4𝐶; ∴ 𝐶 = − 4

Compare coefficients of;

𝑥4; 1 = 𝐴

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 Put 𝑥 = 0; −6 = −6𝐵 − 6𝐶 + 2𝐷 − 3𝐸
1 9 4
−6 = −6𝐵 − 6 (− 4) + 2 (20) − 3 (5)

−6 = −6𝐵; ∴ 𝐵 = 1
1 9 4
∴ 𝑓(𝑥) ≡ 𝑥 + 1 − 4(𝑥+1) + 20(𝑥−3) + 5(𝑥+2)

Hence
5 5 1 5 1 9 5 1 4 5 1
∫4 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫4 (𝑥 + 1) 𝑑𝑥 − 4 ∫4 𝑥+1
𝑑𝑥 + ∫
20 4 𝑥−3
𝑑𝑥 + ∫4
5 𝑥+2
𝑑𝑥
5
𝑥2 1 9 4
= [ 2 + 𝑥 − 4 ln(𝑥 + 1) + 20 ln(𝑥 − 3) + 5 ln(𝑥 + 2)] =
4
52 1 9 4 42 1 9 4
( + 5 − ln(6) + ln(2) + ln(7)) − ( + 4 − ln(5) + ln(1) + ln(6))
2 4 20 5 2 4 20 5

= 5.8896967
= 5.8897 (4dps)
12
12 (a)
𝑑𝑦
+
2𝑥𝑦
=𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2 +1
2𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2 +1)
I.F = 𝑒 ∫𝑥2+1 = 𝑒 ln(𝑥 = 𝑥2 + 1
Multiplying through by 𝑥 2 + 1 gives
𝑑𝑦
(𝑥 2 + 1) + 2𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥 3 + 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
((𝑥 2 + 1)𝑦) = 𝑥 3 + 𝑥
𝑑𝑥

∫ (((𝑥 2 + 1)𝑦)) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫(𝑥 3 + 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

𝑥4 𝑥2
∴ 𝑦 (𝑥 2 + 1) = + +𝑐
4 2

(b) Let 𝜃 be the temperature of the liquid

𝑑𝜃
∝ (𝜃 − 220 )
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝜃
= −𝑘 (𝜃 − 220 )
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝜃
∫ 𝜃−220 = −𝑘 ∫ 𝑑𝑡

ln(𝜃 − 220 ) = −𝑘𝑡 + 𝑐

𝜃 − 220 = 𝑒 −𝑘𝑡+𝑐 = 𝐴𝑒 −𝑘𝑡
𝜃 − 220 = 𝐴𝑒 −𝑘𝑡 ; 𝜃 = 22 + 𝐴𝑒 −𝑘𝑡

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 At 𝑡 = 0, 𝜃 = 1000 C
100 = 22 + 𝐴𝑒 0 ; 𝐴 = 78
𝜃 = 22 + 78𝑒 −𝑘𝑡
At 𝑡 = 1 𝑚𝑖𝑛, 𝜃 = 92.2
92.2 = 22 + 78𝑒 −𝑘
70.2= 78𝑒 −𝑘 , 𝑘 = ln(10⁄9) = 0.10536
𝜃 = 22 + 78𝑒 −0.10536𝑡
At 𝑡 = 5 𝑚𝑖𝑛, 𝜃 =?
𝜃 = 22 + 78𝑒 −0.10536×5 = 63.450 C

12
13 (a) 2 2𝑥+8
− 32(2 𝑥)
+1
22𝑥 ∙ 28 − 32(2𝑥 ) + 1
(2𝑥 )2 ∙ 256 − 32(2𝑥 ) + 1 = 0
Let 2𝑥 = 𝑚
256𝑚2 − 32𝑚 + 1 = 0
(16𝑚 − 1)2 = 0
1
𝑚= = 2−4
16

But 𝑚 = 2𝑥 , 2𝑥 = 2−4 ; ∴ 𝑥 = −4
(b) log 𝑎 𝑏𝑐 = 𝑥, log 𝑏 𝑎𝑐 = 𝑦, log 𝑐 𝑎𝑏 = 𝑧
𝑏𝑐 = 𝑎 𝑥 …………….(i)
𝑎𝑐 = 𝑏 𝑦 ……………(ii)
𝑎𝑏 = 𝑐 𝑧 ……………(iii)
𝑎𝑥
From eqn (i), 𝑐 =
𝑏
𝑎𝑥
From (ii); 𝑎 ∙ = 𝑏𝑦
𝑏
1+𝑦
𝑎1+𝑥 = 𝑏1+𝑦 ; 𝑎 = 𝑏(1+𝑥)
1+𝑦
𝑎𝑥 𝑧
From (iii), 𝑏 (1+𝑥) ∙ 𝑏 = ( )
𝑏
1+𝑦
𝑎𝑥𝑧
𝑏 1+𝑥+1 =
𝑏𝑧

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 1+𝑦+1+𝑥 1+𝑦 𝑥𝑧
( )+𝑧 ( )
𝑏 1+𝑥 = (𝑏 1+𝑥 )

1 + 𝑦 + 1 + 𝑥 + 𝑧 + 𝑥𝑧 = 𝑥𝑧 + 𝑥𝑦𝑧
2 + 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 𝑥𝑦𝑧
∴ 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 𝑥𝑦𝑧 = 2

12
(a)
14 1 2 1 2 5
1⁄ 1 ×− ×(−3𝑥)2 ×− ×− ×(−3𝑥)3
(1 − 3𝑥) 3 = 1 + (−3𝑥) + 3 3
+3 3 3
+
3 2! 3!
1 2 5 8
×− ×− ×− ×(−3𝑥)4
3 3 3 3
4!
+…
1 5 10
(1 − 3𝑥) = 1 − 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 3 −
3 𝑥 4 +…
3 3

1
Putting 𝑥 = ,
8
1⁄
3 3 1 1 2 5 1 3 10 1 4
(1 − ) ≈1− −( ) − ( ) − ( )
8 8 8 3 8 3 8
1⁄
5 3 5255
( ) ≈
8 6144
3 2×5255
√5 ≈ = 1.710611979 ≈ 1.71 (2dps)
6144

𝑥−2 𝑥+2
(b) ≤
𝑥−1 𝑥+1
𝑥−2 𝑥+2
− ≤0
𝑥−1 𝑥+1
(𝑥−2)(𝑥+1)−(𝑥+2)(𝑥−1)
(𝑥−1)(𝑥+1)
≤0
−2𝑥
(𝑥−1)(𝑥+1)
≤0
𝑥
(𝑥−1)(𝑥+1)
≥0

Critical values,
𝑥=0
Undefined values,
𝑥 = 1, 𝑥 = −1

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 𝑥 𝑥 < −1 −1 < 𝑥 < 0 0<𝑥<1 𝑥>1
𝑥 − − + +
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1) + − − +
𝑥 − + − +
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1)

∴ −1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 0, 𝑥 ≥ 1
12
15 (a) 10𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 + 10 sin 𝑥 sin 𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 = 2
2 2

20𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 = 2
10(1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥) − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 = 2
10 − 11𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 = 2
8
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 =
11
2√2
cos 𝑥 = ±
√11

2√2
For cos 𝑥 =
√11

2√2
𝑥 = cos −1 ( )
√11

= 31.50 , 328.50
2√2
For cos 𝑥 = −
√11

2√2
𝑥 = cos −1 ( )
√11

𝑥 = 148.50 , 211.50
∴ 𝑥 = {31.50 , 148.50 , 211.50 , 328.50 }

4 3
(b) Let cos −1 ( ) = 𝐴, tan−1 ( ) = 𝐵
5 5
4 3
cos 𝐴 = , tan 𝐵 =
5 5

5
3

𝐴
4

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 3
tan 𝐴 =
4

4 3
tan (tan−1 ( ) + tan−1 ( )) = tan(𝐴 + 𝐵 )
5 5
tan 𝐴+tan 𝐵
=
1−tan 𝐴 tan 𝐵
3 3
+
4 5
= 3 3
1− ×
4 5

27
=
11
4 3 27
∴ cos −1 ( ) + tan−1 ( ) = tan−1 ( )
5 5 11

12
16 (a) If 1 + 𝑖 is a root, the 1 − 𝑖 its conjugate is also a
root.
Sum of roots = 1 + 𝑖 + 1 − 𝑖 = 2
Product of roots = (1 + 𝑖)(1 − 𝑖) = 12 + 12 = 2
 𝑧 2 − 2𝑧 + 2 = 0
𝑧 2 − 4𝑧 + 13
𝑧 2 − 2𝑧 + 2 𝑧 4 − 6𝑧 3 + 23𝑧 2 − 34𝑧 + 26
𝑧 4 − 2𝑧 3 + 2𝑧 2
−4𝑧 3 + 21𝑧 2 + 2𝑧 2 − 43𝑧 + 26
−4𝑧 3 + 8𝑧 2 − 8𝑧
13𝑧 2 − 26𝑧 + 26
13𝑧 2 − 26𝑧 + 26
− − −
2
 𝑧 − 4𝑧 + 13 = 0
4±√(−4)2 −4×1×13
𝑧=
2×1
4±√−36 4±6𝑖
𝑧= = = 2 ± 3𝑖
2 2

∴ The other roots are 1 − 𝑖, 2 + 3𝑖 and 2 − 3𝑖

(b) Let 𝑧 = 𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦
|𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦 + 1 − 4𝑖| > |𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦 − 2 − 𝑖|
|(𝑥 + 1) + 𝑖 (𝑦 − 4)| > |(𝑥 − 2) + 𝑖 (𝑦 − 1)|

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 √(𝑥 + 1)2 + (𝑦 − 4)2 > √(𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2
Squaring both sides
(𝑥 + 1)2 + ( 𝑦 − 4)2 > (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1 + 𝑦 2 − 8𝑦 + 16 > 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 + 1
𝑥−𝑦+2>0

𝑥−𝑦+2=0

12

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