Chapter # 14

Short Answers
14.1: A plane conducting loop is located in a uniform magnetic field that is directed along the x- axis. For what
orientation of the loop is the flux a maximum? For what orientation is the flux a minimum?

Ans: When the plane of the loop is Perpendicular to the magnetic-filed then flux will be Maximum
and when the plane of the loop is parallel to the magnetic-filed then flux will be Zero.
14.2: A current in a conductor produces a magnetic field, which can be calculated using Ampere's law. Since
current is defined as the rate of flow of charge, what can you conclude about the magnetic field due to
stationary charges? What about moving charges?
Ans: (a): Magnetic field due to the stationary charges is Zero.
Because, magnetic field due to straight current carrying conductor is given by:
𝜇𝐼
𝐵=
2𝜋𝑟
As 𝐼=0
So, 𝐵=0
(b): Magnetic field will produce due to moving charges.
Because, moving charges constitute current and magnetic field is produced.
As 𝐼 ≠0
So, 𝐵≠0
14.3: Describe the change in the magnetic field inside a solenoid carrying a steady current I, if (a) the length of
the solenoid is doubled but the number of turns remains the same and (b) the number of turns is doubled, but
the length remains the same.
Ans: As, we know that magnetic field produced by solenoid is given by:
As,
𝐵 = 𝜇𝑛𝐼 𝑁𝐼
𝐵=𝜇
Also 2𝐿
𝑁
𝑛= 1 𝑁𝐼
𝐿 𝐵= 𝜇
𝑁𝐼 2 𝐿
𝐵=𝜇 So,
𝐿
If, 1
𝐵= 𝐵
𝐿 = 2𝐿 2

Result: Magnetic field is reduced to Half.

(b):

BY: Syed Ali

 As,
𝐵 = 𝜇𝑛𝐼 2𝑁𝐼
𝐵=𝜇
Also 2𝐿
𝑁
𝑛= 𝑁𝐼
𝐿 𝐵 = 2𝜇
𝑁𝐼 𝐿
𝐵=𝜇 So,
𝐿
If, 𝐵 = 2𝐵
𝑁 = 2𝑁

Result: Magnetic field is increased to Double.

14.4: At a given instant, a proton moves in the positive x-direction in
a region where there is magnetic field in the negative z-direction.
What is the direction of the magnetic force? Will the proton continue
to move in the positive x-direction? Explain.
Ans: According to Right Hand Rule the direction of magnetic
force is along y-axis.
As,
𝑭 = 𝑞(𝒗 × 𝑩)
So, proton will continue to move in direction of positive x-axis but it will deflect towards y-axis and
will start to circulate in x-y plane.
14.5: Two charged particles are projected into a region where there is a magnetic field perpendicular to their
velocities. If the charges are deflected in opposite directions, what can you say about them?
Ans: When the charge particles are projected across the magnetic field, they experiences a force. This
magnetic force on the charge particle tends to deflect the particles into a curved path. If the charge particles
are deflected opposite to each other, then the particles are oppositely charged. That is, if one particle positively
charged then other must be negatively charged.

14.6: Suppose that a charge q is moving in a uniform magnetic field with a velocity “v”. Why is there no work
done by the magnetic force that acts on the charge?

Ans: As, magnetic force acting on charge particles is given by:

𝑭 = 𝑞(𝒗 × 𝑩)
Due to the magnetic force, the charge particle will moves in a circular path. In circular path, the magnetic force
𝑭 is perpendicular to the velocity 𝒗. Hence magnetic force has no work done.

14.7: If a charged particle moves in a straight line through some region of space, can you say that the
magnetic field in the region is zero?

Ans: Magnetic field may or may not be zero. As, magnetic force acting on charge particles is given
by:
BY: Syed Ali
 𝑭 = 𝑞(𝒗 × 𝑩)
𝑭 = 𝑞𝑣𝐵 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
So, magnetic force can only be zero if:
i) Magnetic field is zero. ( 𝑩 = 0 )
ii) Charge particles are parallel to magnetic field. ( 𝜃 = 0° )
iii) Charge particles are anti-parallel to magnetic field. ( 𝜃 = 180° )

14.8: Why does the picture on a TV screen become distorted when a magnet is brought near the screen?
Ans: The picture on TV screen is formed due to the motion of charged particle (electron). As a magnet is
brought close to the TV screen, the path of electron is disturbed due to the magnetic force acting on them they
deflect and not hitting on the target. Hence the picture on TV screen is distorted.

14.9: Is it possible to orient a current loop in a uniform magnetic field such that the loop will not tend to
rotate? Explain.

Ans: Yes, it is possible.

As, we know that torque on a current carrying loop in uniform magnetic field is given by:
𝜏 = 𝐼𝐴𝐵 cos 𝜃
When the plane of the loop is held perpendicular to magnetic field. Then (𝜃 = 0)
𝜏 = 𝐼𝐴𝐵 cos 90
𝜏=0
So, coil will not tend to rotate.
14.10: How can a current loop be used to determine the presence of a magnetic field in a given region of
space?

Ans: When a current carrying loop is placed in a uniform magnetic field, then at different orientations a torque
is produced in a loop. If the loop is deflected in that region then we can say that magnetic field is present due
to torque otherwise not.

14.11: How can you use a magnetic field to separate isotopes of chemical element?
Ans: The isotopes of an element are projected perpendicular to the uniform magnetic field. Then they follow
different circular path due to difference in their masses in mass spectrograph apparatus. So according to
formula for e/m is given by:
𝒆 𝑽
=
𝒎 𝒓𝑩
𝒎𝑽
𝒓=
𝒆𝑩
𝑽
Where, is constant so,
𝒆𝑩
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 𝒓 ∝ 𝒎
In this way isotopes of different masses can be separated.
14.12: What should be the orientation of a current carrying coil in a magnetic field so that torque acting upon
the coils is (a) maximum (b) minimum?

Ans: Let, force acting on a rectangular coil of area A, magnetic field B and the current passing
through is I. when placed in a magnetic field is given by:
𝝉 = 𝑵𝑰𝑩𝑨 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽
(a) Maximum Flux (b) Minimum Flux
When plane of the coil is Parallel to magnetic When plane of the coil is Perpendicular to
field: (𝜃 = 0) magnetic field: (𝜃 = 90)
𝝉 = 𝑵𝑰𝑩𝑨 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽 𝝉 = 𝑵𝑰𝑩𝑨 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽
𝝉 = 𝑵𝑰𝑩𝑨 𝒄𝒐𝒔 (𝟎) 𝝉 = 𝑵𝑰𝑩𝑨 𝒄𝒐𝒔 (𝟗𝟎)
𝝉 = 𝑵𝑰𝑩𝑨 𝝉=𝟎

14.13: A loop of wire is suspended between the poles of a magnet with its plane parallel to the pole faces.
What happens if a direct current is put through the coil? What happens if an alternating current is used
instead?

Ans: In both cases A.C and D.C the coil will never rotate because in both cases the plane of the loop
and the magnetic field are Perpendicular to each other so, torque will remain Zero.
As (𝜃 = 90),
𝝉 = 𝑵𝑰𝑩𝑨 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽
𝝉 = 𝑵𝑰𝑩𝑨 𝒄𝒐𝒔 (𝟗𝟎)
𝝉=𝟎
14.14: Why the resistance of an ammeter should be very low?
Ans: In order to measure the current, the Ammeter is always connected in series therefore its resistance
should be very low so that it does not disturb the circuit.

14.15: Why the voltmeter should have a very high resistance?

Ans: In order to measure the potential difference, the Voltmeter is always connected in parallel to the circuit.
Therefore, its resistance should be very large so that it does not reduce any current through the circuit.

BY: Syed Ali