Why ejection system is needed in the mould?

• All thermoplastic materials contract as they

solidify, which means that the moulding will
shrink on to the core which forms it.
• This shrinkage makes the moulding difficult
to remove.
• Therefore it is required to provide some
means by which the moulded part can be
positively ejected from the core. The
system is called ejection system.
Three main divisions in ejection system

 The Ejector Grid

 The Ejector Plate Assembly
 Method of Ejection
 The ejector grid

The Ejector grid is that part of the

mould which supports the mould plate
and provides a space into which the
ejector plate assembly can be fitted
and operated.
 Three ejector grid types

[Link]-line ejector grid

[Link]-type ejector grid
[Link] support block grid
 1. In-line ejector grid
• This consists of two rectangular support
blocks (also called Spacer block or riser)
mounted on a back plate.
• The ejector plate assembly is accommodated
in the parallel space between the two support
blocks.
• This design is quite suitable for small types
of mould where the overall size of the ejector
plate assembly does not necessitate the
support blocks being fitted a great distance
apart.
1. In-line ejector grid
 1. In-line ejector grid
• Mould plate distortion is likely to be appear
because of the injection force when the
support blocks are far apart.
• It can be rectified by providing reasonably
thick support blocks. (or)
• Extra support blocks fitted close to centre can
avoid this hazard.
• All of the mould systems which are available
as standards are based upon the in-line
arrangement.
1. In-line ejector grid
1. In-line ejector grid
1. In-line ejector grid
 2. Frame-type ejector grid
This design is favoured by many mould designers
for the following reasons;
 It is simple and cheap to manufacture.
 It provides good support to the mould plate on
a small mould.
 It allows for the use of a conveniently shaped
(rectangular) ejector plate assembly.
 The ejector plate assembly is completely
closed, thereby preventing foreign bodies
entering the system.
• Rectangular frame type is the most commonly used one.
2. Frame-type ejector grid

General Cross Section

2. Frame-type ejector grid
 3. Circular support block grid

• In this design circular support pillars are

used to support the mould plate.
• This system is used for large moulds when
it is felt that no extra support would be
gained by including rectangular blocks as
well.
3. Circular support block grid
 Ejector plate assembly
• The ejector plate assembly is that part of
the mould to which the ejector element is
attached.
• The assembly is contained in a pocket
formed by the ejector grid directly behind
the mould plate.
• The ejector plate assembly consists of an
ejector plate, a retaining plate and an
ejector rod.
 Ejector plate assembly

• One end of the ejector rod is threaded and

is screwed into the ejector plate.
• The ejector rod functions as an actuating
member and also as a method of guiding
the assembly.
• Ejector rod is passes through an ejector
rod bush fitted in the back plate of the
mould.
Ejector plate assembly
Ejector plate assembly actuation
Ejector plate assembly actuation
Ejector plate assembly actuation
Ejector plate assembly actuation
 Ejector plate
• The purpose of this member is to transmit the
ejector force from the actuating system of the
injection machine to the moulding via an
ejector element.
• The ejector plate must be sufficiently thick not
to deflect to any significant extend.
• Deflection tends to occur at the beginning of
the ejector stroke when there is maximum
adhesion between the moulding and the core.
• A general purpose medium carbon steel (BS
970-080 M40) is suitable.
 Retaining plate
• This member is securely attached to the
ejector plate by screws.
• Its purpose is to retain the ejector element.
• The thickness of the plate is governed by the
depth of the head of the ejector element it
retains.
• In general retainer plates are within 7mm to
13mm thickness range.
• Retaining plates are normally made from a
mild steel (BS 970-040 A15).
Guiding and supporting ejector plate assembly
Guiding and supporting ejector plate assembly
Ejector rod and ejector rod bush assembly
specification suitable for small type mould
 Ejector rod and ejector rod bush
• Both ejector rod and ejector rod bush are
normally made in a low carbon steel (BS
970-080 M15) and suitably case hardened.
This gives both members a wear resisting
surface.
• The ejector rod bush is normally made a
press fit into the back plate of the moulds.
• The range of diameters available as
standards for ejector rod bush are 10mm,
14mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm, 24mm, 30mm
and 34mm.
Ejector plate assembly return systems

Two main ejector plate assembly return

systems in common use are;
1. Push back return system
2. Spring return system
 Push back ejector plate return system

• Push back pins or return pins are

basically large diameter ejector pins fitted
close to the four corners of the ejector
plate.
• When the mould is in the process of
being closed, the push back pins strike
the fixed mould plate and progressively
return the ejector plate assembly to the
rear position.
Push back ejector plate return system
Push back ejector plate return system
 Spring return system

• For small moulds, where the ejector

assembly is of light construction, a
spring or a stack of ‘Belleville washers
can be used to return the ejector plate
assembly.
 Stop pins

• Stop pins drastically reduces the effective seating area.

• It diminishes the possibility of ejector elements remaining
slightly proud of their correct position due to foreign matter
being trapped behind the ejector plate.
• Stop pins are normally fitted directly below the push back
pins.
• The heads of the stop pins should be of a relatively large
diameter to prevent the possibility of their being hobbled
into the back plate.
• Stop pins of 16mm, 25mm are available as standard parts.
• Stop discs are also available in two diameters, namely
18mm and 28mm.
Stop pins
Shrinkage
EJECTION TECHNIQUES TYPES
[Link] Ejection
[Link] Ejection
[Link] Ejection
[Link] Ejection
[Link] Ejection
[Link] Bar Ejection
[Link] Plate Ejection
[Link] Ring Ejection
EJECTION TECHNIQUES TYPES
 [Link] EJECTION
• This is the most common and simplest
method to incorporate in a mould.
• In this method the moulding is ejected by the
application of a force by a steel rod, called
ejector pin.
• The ejector pin is headed to facilitate its
attachment to the ejector plate assembly.
• The working diameter of the ejector pin must
be a good slide fit in its mating hole in the
mould plate, to avoid material creeping
through the clearance.
 [Link] EJECTION

• Moulding with face pins or form pins

can also be used in certain
circumstances.
• Parting surface pins is the standard
type of ejector element used for
ejecting most types of box shaped
mouldings.
[Link] EJECTION

At mould closed position

 [Link] EJECTION
At mould open position
[Link] EJECTION
[Link] EJECTION
[Link] EJECTION
[Link] EJECTION
[Link] EJECTION
 [Link] EJECTION

Clearance
[Link] EJECTION
[Link] EJECTION
[Link] EJECTION
 [Link] EJECTION
D – pin is the name given to a flat sided ejector pin. It is
used primarily for the ejection of thin walled box type
moldings. It increases the ejection area and also increases
machining cost slightly.
 2. SLEEVE EJECTION
• The moulding is ejected by means of a
hollow ejector pin termed as sleeve. It is
preferred in the following circumstances;
 For the ejection of certain types of circular
mouldings.
For the ejection of circular bosses on a
moulding of any shape.
To provide positive ejection around a local
core pin forming a round hole in moulding.
2. SLEEVE EJECTION
 2. SLEEVE EJECTION
Stepped sleeve ejection is used when a particular moulding
necessitates a sleeve with a wall section of less than 2 mm.
Long thin wall – section sleeves are difficult to manufacture
and are prone to failure in operation.
 3. BLADE EJECTION
The main purpose of the blade ejector is for the
ejection of very slender parts, such as ribs and
other projections, which cannot satisfactorily
ejected by the standard type of ejector pin.
A blade is basically a rectangular ejector pin.
There are two methods of manufacturing blade
ejector;
1. Machining the form from the solid rod.
2. Fabricating the element, in which a blade of steel is
inserted into a slot machined into a standard type of
ejector pin. The blade may be pinned or soldered.
3. BLADE EJECTION
 3. BLADE EJECTION
It is available in the thickness of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 & 1 mm.
3. BLADE EJECTION
 4. VALVE EJECTION
 Valve ejector element is basically a large diameter
ejector pin.
 Valve type ejection is used normally for the ejection of
relatively large components in situations where it is
impracticable to use standard parting surface pins.
 It is also used as an alternative to the stripper plate
ejection in certain situations.
 The valve type ejector element is designed to apply the
ejector force on to the inside surface of the moulding.
 Valve type ejector elements are to be made from nickel-
chromium steel (BS 970-835 M15) and suitably heat
treated.
 4. VALVE EJECTION
Valve Ejection for Single Impression Mould.
 4. VALVE EJECTION
Valve Ejection for Multi Impression Mould.
 4. VALVE EJECTION
Valve Ejector operated by Pneumatic actuator or
Compressed air.
 5. AIR EJECTION
 In this ejection method the ejector force is provided
by compressed air, which is introduced directly on
to the moulding face via a small air ejector valve
 The effective ejector force is dependant upon the
pressure of the compressed air and the area on
which it acts. Therefore the larger the area of the
component to be ejected the greater will be the
ejector force.
 This ejection is particularly suitable for box type
components where the side wall acts as a seal
during a major part of the ejection stroke, thus
preventing the escape of the compressed air.
5. AIR EJECTION
5. AIR EJECTION
5. AIR EJECTION
 5. AIR EJECTION
Few advantages of air ejection method.
 No ejector grid or ejector assembly is required. This
reduces the cost of the mould.
 Air ejection can be fitted in either mould half. It is
therefore a particularly suitable method of ejecting box
type components which are to be gated on the inside.
 The ejection can be operated at any time during the
opening stroke of the machine.
 The air valve ejector element acts as a vacuum breaker
between the moulding and the core. This arrangement is
often incorporated to facilitate the ejection of the part
without distortion.
 5. AIR EJECTION
Few limitations of air ejection method.

The method is only effective on certain

types of component.
A compressed air supply must be readily
available.
Air is an expensive service and if
incorrectly used this system can be
wasteful.
 6. STRIPPER BAR EJECTION
 This method is an extension of the parting surface
ejector pin principle, in which the ejector element is
caused to push against the bottom edge of the
moulding.
 A greater effective ejection area is obtainable with
the stripper bar method, because of this
characteristic, this method of ejection is particularly
suitable for thin wall box type mouldings.
 This method will reduce the more ejection mark in
line (as in ejector pin method) but stripper bar is
more expensive to manufacture and fit compared
to ejector pin.
6. STRIPPER BAR EJECTION
 6. STRIPPER BAR EJECTION
 A small angle of 10° is incorporated all around the
periphery of the stripper bar to minimize wear.
 A gap of 3 mm should be provided between the
ejector plate and the back plate to ensure that the
stripper bar seats in its nest in the mould plate.
 The stripper bar should be manufactured from
nickel-chromium steel (BS 970-835 M15) and
suitably heat treated.
 The tie rods may be manufactured from a low
carbon steel (BS 970-080 M15) and these should
be carburised to give a hard wear resisting
surface.
6. STRIPPER BAR EJECTION
 7. STRIPPER PLATE EJECTION
 This ejection technique is used primarily for the
ejection of circular box type mouldings.
 While the design is used for shapes other than
circular particularly for those which have thin
wall sections, the mould cost which results is
relatively high.
 The aperture in the stripper plate is a sliding fit
on the core.
 There are two openings (daylights) are present
in this mould. Therefore it is some times referred
as a multi daylight mould.
7. STRIPPER PLATE EJECTION
7. STRIPPER PLATE EJECTION
Following methods are commonly used for
actuating the stripper plate;
1. Tie-rod actuation method-1
2. Operating pin method
3. Tie-rod actuation method-2
4. Length-bolt actuation method
5. Chain actuation method
6. Direct actuation method
7. Supplementary operating force.
7. STRIPPER PLATE EJECTION
1. Tie-rod actuation method-1
7. STRIPPER PLATE EJECTION
2. Operating pin method
7. STRIPPER PLATE EJECTION
3. Tie-rod actuation method-2
7. STRIPPER PLATE EJECTION
4. Length-bolt actuation method
7. STRIPPER PLATE EJECTION
4. Length-bolt actuation method
7. STRIPPER PLATE EJECTION
5. Chain actuation method
7. STRIPPER PLATE EJECTION
6. Direct actuation method
7. STRIPPER PLATE EJECTION
7. Supplementary operating force.
Some of the supplementary operating
force methods available are;
[Link] loaded plunger system
[Link] catch system
[Link] Friction puller system
[Link] Latch Lock System
 8. STRIPPER RING EJECTION

Stripper ring is basically a local stripper

plate.
It is used mainly for circular box type and
cup type mouldings.
It is generally restricted for use on moulds
with one or two impressions only.
When there are multi impressions the
stripper plate design is more economic.
 8. STRIPPER RING EJECTION

The stripper ring is fitted into a recess in

the mould plate.
The internal bore of the stripper ring is a
sliding fit on the major diameter of the
core insert. This diameter should be at
least 0.26mm greater than the core
impression diameter to avoid the
possibility of the stripper ring scoring the
side of the core during ejection.
8. STRIPPER RING EJECTION
 EJECTION FROM FIXED HALF

In case of box type component which

must for reasons of appearance, be gated
from the inside. In this case the core and
the ejector systems are mounted on the
fixed mould half.
Ejection techniques suited for fixed half
are, air ejection, stripper plate ejection,
pin ejection, sleeve ejection and bar
ejection.
EJECTION FROM FIXED HALF
 SPRUE PULLERS
 When the mould opens it is essential that the
sprue is pulled positively from the sprue bush.
This is done by providing sprue pullers.
 There are two basic designs of sprue puller.
 In one the undercut is produced within the
cold slug well region, and is situated below
the parting surface. (Type – A)
 In the second design the undercut portion of
the sprue pulling device is situated above the
parting surface. (Type – B)
 SPRUE PULLERS

Below parting surface (TYPE – A)

 SPRUE PULLERS

Below parting surface (TYPE – A)

 SPRUE PULLERS
Below parting surface (TYPE – A)
 SPRUE PULLERS
Above parting surface (TYPE – B)
 SPRUE PULLERS
Above parting surface (TYPE – B)