Designing a Lesson
The basic steps of an effective English language lesson are: warm-up,
presentation, practice, application, assessment, and follow up .The steps are briefly
described below:
Title of lesson Title that indicates the topic/ subject/context of the lesson
Student profile The students’ age, grade and proficiency level
Skills to be Indicate which language skills this lesson will focus on
emphasized building: listening, speaking, reading, or writing.
Language List the target language structures (i.e., target grammar
structures and vocabulary), including classroom language.)
Objectives List the objectives that students should meet by the end of the
lesson. Start "By the end of the lesson, students will be able
to...
Materials List everything the teachers needs to implement the lesson
Warm-up In this step, the teacher prepares students for the listening or
reading input. The teacher should create interest and connect
students to the topic of the lesson by accessing their prior
knowledge and experiences. In addition, the teacher should
review known vocabulary and teach new language found in the
listening or reading input
Presentation In this step, the teacher presents the target language structures
within a meaningful/communicative context. S/he should give
listening or reading input, check comprehension of input, build
listening or reading skills, and "teach" target language
structures.
Practice In this step, the teacher prepares post-listening or post-reading
activities, can integrate speaking and writing activities. These
activities should be focused on practicing the target language
structures in context. They should start guided exercises and
then progress to more independent opportunities for practicing
language communicatively.
Application In this step, the teacher provides opportunities for students to
apply new language to real-life contexts. The activities should
be authentic and encourage students to use the language
communicatively
Assessment In this step, the teacher assesses whether students have met the
stated objectives for the lesson. It could be another activity, or
it could be a description of how teacher should assess whether
the objectives are met during the presentation, practice, and
application steps.
Follow-up In this step, the teacher prepares a follow-up activity, such as
homework. It should practice the target language structures in
this lesson and connect to the next lesson in the unit.
The Theory behind the teaching: Blooms Taxonomy
Set 2: Based on increasing level of difficulty and challenge (Blooms Taxonomy)
Emphasis – link to Blooms Taxonomy Relevant Action Verbs to use in your lesson
objectives:
Knowledge ‘To find or remember Tell, uncover, show, state, define, name, write,
information memorizing recall, recognise, list, label, reproduce,
information’ identify, acquire, distinguish, state,
order, locate, repeat, count, describe,
enumerate, find, match, read, recite, record,
Comprehension ‘To understand the Comprehend, appreciate, select, indicate, illustrate,
information and restate in your represent, formulate, explain, classify, translate,
own words, paraphrasing, extrapolate, convert, interpret, abstract,
summarizing, translating’ transform, select, indicate, relate, experiment,
simple comparisons, demonstrate,
explain, reword, discuss, cite, conclude,
describe, discuss, estimate, generalise, give
examples, locate, make sense of, paraphrase,
Apply/Application ‘To use Assess, change, chart, choose, demonstrate,
information to solve problems, determine, develop, establish, produce, relate,
transfer abstract or theoretical ideas report, select, show, use, try, diagram, perform,
to actual situations, identifying make a chart, put into action, build, report,
connections and relationships and employ, relate, draw, construct, adapt, apply,
how they apply ’ sequence, carry out, solve, prepare, operate,
generalize, plan, repair, explain, predict,
Analysis ‘To take information apart, Analyze, study, combine, separate, categorise,
identifying components, detect, examine, inspect, discriminate, take
determining arrangement, logic and apart, generalise, scrutinize, estimate,
semantics’ compare, observe, detect, classify, discover,
explore, distinguish, catalogue, investigate,
breakdown, order, determine, differentiate, dissect,
contrast, examine, interpret, identify, dissect,
characterise, correlate, diagram, illustrate, infer,
Synthesis ‘To create new ideas or Write, plan, integrate, formulate, propose,
things, combining information to specify, produce, organize, theorize,
form a unique product, design, build, systematize, combine,
summarize, restate, argue, hypothesise, predict,
create, invent, produce, modify, extend, design,
formulate, develop, build, compile, discuss,
derive, relate, generalize, conclude, combine,
requiring of creativity and originality’ generate, incorporate, integrate, modify,
organise, perform, propose, reinforce,
Evaluation‘To make judgements about Evaluate, interpret, decide, solve, rate, appraise,
knowledge, to make decisions and verify, assess, test, judge, rank, measure,
supporting views, requires appraise, select, check, evaluate, determine,
understanding of values. ’ support, defend, weigh, judge, justify, attach,
criticise, weigh up, argue, choose, compare and
contrast, conclude, critique, defend, predict,