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Moles in 200 mL of 0.862 M HCl

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Moles in 200 mL of 0.862 M HCl

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Hà Nguyễn Thị Việt
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General Chemistry II

Problem set #1
1. Determine the amount of heat (in kJ) given off when 1.26x104 g of NO2 are produced according to the
equation 2NO(g) + O2(g)  2NO2(g) ΔH = -114.6 kJ/mol

2. Consider the reaction H2(g) + Cl2(g)  2HCl(g) ΔH = -184.6 kJ/mol


If 3 moles of H2 react with 3 moles of Cl2 to form HCl, calculate the work done (in joules) against a
pressure of 1.0 atm at 25 °C. What is E for this reaction? Assume the reaction goes to completion.

3. A quantity of 200. mL of 0.862 M HCl is mixed with 200. mL of 0.431 M Ba(OH)2 in a constant-
pressure calorimeter of negligible heat capacity. The initial temperature of the HCl and Ba(OH)2
solutions is the same at 20.48 °C. For the process H+(aq) + OH-(aq)  H2O(l) ΔH = -56.2 kJ/mol.
What is the final temperature of the mixed solution? (Assume that the combined solution has a mass of
400. g and a specific heat capacity of 4.184 J/oC·g)

4. From the following data,


C(graphite) + O2(g)  CO2(g) ∆H = -393.5 kJ/mol
H2(g) + ½O2(g)  H2O(l) ∆H = -285.8 kJ/mol
2C2H6(g) + 7O2(g)  4CO2(g) + 6H2O(l) ∆H = -3119.6 kJ/mol
calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction: 2C(graphite) + 3H2(g)  C2H6(g)

5. The standard enthalpy of combustion of ethene gas, C2H4(g), is -1411.1 kJ/mol at 298 K. Given the
following enthalpies of formation, calculate ΔHof for C2H4(g).
CO2(g) -393.5 kJ/mol
H2O(l) -285.8 kJ/mol

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For the reaction \(\Delta E = \Delta H - P\Delta V\), and since \(\Delta V = 0\), \(\Delta E = \Delta H\). With \(\Delta H\) provided as -184.6 kJ/mol, for the reaction completely using 3 moles: \(\Delta E = \Delta H = -184.6 \times 3 = -553.8\) kJ or -553800 J .

The molar mass of NO2 is approximately 46.01 g/mol. Therefore, 12,600 g of NO2 is equal to 12,600 g / 46.01 g/mol ≈ 273.7 mol of NO2. According to the given reaction, the formation of 2 mol of NO2 releases -114.6 kJ of heat. Thus, 273.7 mol of NO2 will release (273.7 mol / 2 mol) × -114.6 kJ/mol = -15,681.81 kJ of heat .

ΔH (combustion) C2H4(g) = -1411.1 kJ/mol for C2H4(g) + 3O2 -> 2CO2 + 2H2O. CO2(g): -393.5 kJ/mol, H2O(l): -285.8 kJ/mol. Equation: ΔH = 2(-393.5) + 2(-285.8) + ΔHof(C2H4). Rearranging gives ΔHof(C2H4) = -1411.1 - 2(-393.5 + -285.8) = 52.3 kJ/mol .

The total volume change (∆V) during the reaction at constant pressure is zero because the moles of gas remain the same (2 moles of gas on both sides). Therefore, the work done against 1 atm pressure is \(w = -P\Delta V\) = 0. Thus, the work done in joules is 0 J .

The moles of HCl = 0.862 mol/L × 0.200 L = 0.1724 mol. The moles of OH- from Ba(OH)2 = 0.431 mol/L × 0.2 L × 2 = 0.1724 mol. The reaction is stoichiometric, so all H+ and OH- react. The heat released is 0.1724 mol × -56.2 kJ/mol = -9.69 kJ = -9690 J. Using q = mcΔT and assuming the specific heat capacity, c, is 4.184 J/g°C and mass = 400 g, ΔT = q/mc = -9690/(400 × 4.184) ≈ -5.79°C. The final temperature, 20.48°C + (-5.79°C) = 14.69°C .

The reaction asked is 2C(graphite) + 3H2(g) -> C2H6(g). Using Hess's law: calculate from given data: (1) 2C(graphite) + 2O2 -> 2CO2(g) ΔH = -2 x 393.5 = -787 kJ, (2) 3H2 + 1.5O2 -> 3H2O(l) ΔH = -3 x 285.8 = -857.4 kJ, (3) 2C2H6 + 7O2 -> 4CO2 + 6H2O ΔH = -3119.6 kJ. Rearrange reactions to isolate 2C(graphite) + 3H2 -> C2H6: ΔH = ((-3119.6 + 857.4 + 787)/2 = 84.68 kJ/mol).

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