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Let's explore **"Routing Protocols in Computer Networks"** in detail.
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### Routing Protocols in Computer Networks
In computer networks, **routing protocols** are used to determine the best path for data packets
Routing protocols vary based on their design principles, distance calculation methods, and scalab
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### Types of Routing Protocols
1. **Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs)**
- These protocols operate within a single autonomous system (AS) or organization’s network.
- **Examples**: **RIP**, **OSPF**, and **EIGRP**.
2. **Exterior Gateway Protocols (EGPs)**
- These protocols are used for routing between different autonomous systems (e.g., between di
- **Example**: **BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)**.
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### Key Routing Protocols
#### 1. **RIP (Routing Information Protocol)**
- **Type**: Distance-vector protocol.
- **Operation**: RIP uses hop count as its metric to determine the best path. A hop refers to the n
- **Distance Metric**: Hop count, with a maximum limit of 15 hops. Any path longer than 15 hops
- **Versions**:
- **RIP v1**: Classful routing (no support for VLSM or CIDR).
- **RIP v2**: Classless routing, supports VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Mask) and CIDR (Class
- **Convergence**: RIP has slow convergence, which can result in routing loops. **Split horizon**
- **Use Case**: RIP is typically used in smaller networks where simplicity is preferred over efficie
**Example**: In a small office network, RIP might be used to dynamically update routing tables am
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#### 2. **OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)**
- **Type**: Link-state protocol.
- **Operation**: OSPF builds a complete map of the network topology using **Link-State Advertis