Test kits for water analysis

VISOCOLOR® test kits and reagent cases · photometer PF-11

VISOCOLOR® test kits are complete mini-laboratories with Numerous VISOCOLOR® test kits are not only available as
reagents and accessories for water analysis. They enable the individual kits, but can be assembled in VISOCOLOR® rea-
analysis in question to be performed without any additional gent cases. For some fields of application, combinations of
equipment or prior experience in chemistry. important parameters are offered as complete reagent cases.
VISOCOLOR® rapid tests are based on the chemical-analyt- The photometer PF-11 closes the gap between the visual-
ical methods of visual colorimetry and volumetric analysis colorimetric VISOCOLOR® test kits and the NANOCOLOR®
(titration). system for photometric water analysis.
All VISOCOLOR® test kits feature a low susceptibility to-
wards interferences and a high selectivity for the substance in
question. Different measuring principles and different chemi-
cal detection reactions cover a large measuring range for the
parameters from Acidity to Zinc.

Test kits for water analysis

VISOCOLOR® test kits for water analysis 32 – 53

Summary and ordering information 32 – 34
VISOCOLOR® test kits
VISOCOLOR® alpha test kits (colorimetry and volumetric analysis) 35
VISOCOLOR® ECO test kits (colorimetry and volumetric analysis) 36
VISOCOLOR® comparator test kits (colorimetry) 37
VISOCOLOR® titration test kits (volumetric analysis) 38
VISOCOLOR® HE test kits (high sensitivity colorimetry) 39
Description of individual parameters and tests 40 – 53

VISOCOLOR® reagent cases 54 – 57

Programme 54
Reagent case for soil analysis 54
Reagent cases for water analysis
Reagent cases with visual test kits
VISOCOLOR® ECO reagent cases 55
VISOCOLOR® reagent cases 55
Reagent cases with the photometer PF-11
VISOCOLOR® reagent case ”Environmental analysis” 56
VISOCOLOR® reagent case ”Electroplating industry” 56
VISOCOLOR® reagent case ”Swimming pool” 57

Photometer PF-11 58 – 60
Properties, technical data, ordering information 58
Tests which can be evaluated with the photometer PF-11 59 – 60

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test kits for water analysis

Summary of the VISOCOLOR® programme

VISOCOLOR® alpha test kits VISOCOLOR® ECO test kits

almost as easy as dip sticks convenient handling
but as accurate as only liquid reagents can be no toxic reagents and only seldom other hazardous
convenient handling, without hazardous goods substances such as (diluted) acids/bases
safe application
alpha test kits with colour scale easy disposal
principle: colorimetry good ecological compatibility
ECO test kits with colour scale
principle: colorimetry

alpha titration test kits

principle: volumetric analysis with drop counting

ECO titration test kits

principle: volumetric analysis with drop counting

VISOCOLOR® VISOCOLOR® HE test kits

comparator test kits highly sensitive
sturdy and handy extremely accurate
principle: colorimetry principle: high sensitivity colorimetry

VISOCOLOR®
titration test kits
highly accurate
principle: volumetric analysis with graduated syringe

VISOCOLOR® reagent cases

specific combinations for specific applications
assembled as to customer’s request
see page 54

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test kits for water analysis

Programme of all VISOCOLOR® test kits

VISOCOLOR® single test kits are complete plastic boxes with all reagents and accessories for a test.
Test kits for reagent cases are cardboard boxes with all reagents and accessories for a test for placement in a reagent case. They cannot be
used as individual test kits.
Refill packs are for the replacement of used reagent in a test kit or reagent [Link] cannot be used as individual test kits. ® CO
All VISOCOLOR® ECO test kits fit into the reagent cases, LOR E
® s fo r V ISOCO
VISOCOLOR HE test kits, however, cannot be used in reagent cases.
Re fill pack NEW!
VISOCOLOR® test kit Type Cat. No.
No. of single test test kit for refill pack

comp.
alpha
ECO

titr.
HE
for the determination of range tests kit reagent
cases
Acidity AC 7 (base capacity) 0.2 – 7 mmol/l 1) x 200 915 006 915 506 915 206
Alkalinity AL 7 (total) 0.2 – 7 mmol/l 1) x 200 915 007 915 507 915 207
Alkalinity (p/m) see Carbonate hardness C 20
Ammonium (Nessler) 0.5 – 20 mg/l NH4+ x 100 914 010 914 510 914 210
Ammonium (DEV) 2) 0.2 – 10 mg/l NH4+ x 100 914 038 914 538 914 238
Ammonium NEW! 0.2 – 3 mg/l NH4+ x 50 935 012
Ammonium 0.2 – 3 mg/l NH4+ x 50 931 008 931 208
Ammonium 0.02 – 0.50 mg/l NH4+ x 110 920 006 920 106
Calcium CA 20 0.5–20 °d / 0.1–3.6 mmol/l1) x 200 915 010 915 510 915 210
Calcium NEW! 5 – 50 mg/l Ca2+ and higher x 100 931 012
Carbonate hardness 1 – 10 °d and higher x 100 935 016
Carbonate hardness 1 – 10 °d and higher x 100 931 014
Carbonate hardness C 20 0.5 – 20 °d / 0.2 – 7 mmol/l1) x 200 915 003 915 503 915 203
(p/m alkalinity)
Carbonic acid see Acidity AC 7
Chloride 1 – 60 mg/l Cl– x 90 931 018 931 218
Chloride CL 500 2) 5 – 500 mg/l Cl– 1) x 300 915 004 915 504 915 204
Chlorine 0.25 – 2.0 mg/l Cl2 x 150 935 019
Chlorine 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l Cl2 x 150 931 015 931 215
Chlorine 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l Cl2 x 100 – – 914 232
Chlorine 0.02 – 0.60 mg/l Cl2 x 2 x 160 920 015 920 115
Chlorine + pH see Swimming pool
Chromate 0.1 – 2 mg/l CrO42– x 100 914 011 914 511 914 211
Chromium(VI) 0.02 – 0.50 mg/l Cr(VI) x 140 931 020 931 220
Copper 0.1 – 3 mg/l Cu2+ x 100 914 034 914 534 914 234
Copper 0.1 – 1.5 mg/l Cu2+ x 100 931 037 931 237
Copper 0.04 – 0.50 mg/l Cu2+ x 150 920 050 920 150
Cyanide 2) 0.05 – 1 mg/l CN– x 70 914 042 914 542 914 242
Cyanide NEW! 0.01 – 0.20 mg/l CN– x 100 931 022 931 222
Cyanide 0.002 – 0.04 mg/l CN– x 55 920 028 920 128
Cyanuric acid NEW! 10 – 100 mg/l Cya x 100 931 023 931 223
DEHA (Diethylhydroxylamine) 0.05 – 1 mg/l DEHA x 75 914 043 914 543 914 243
Detergents, anionic 3) 0.1 – 5 mg/l MBAS x 50 914 014 – 914 214
Detergents, cationic 3) 1 – 20 mg/l CTAB x 50 914 015 – 914 215
Hardness (total) 1 – 10 °d and higher x 50 935 042
Hardness (total) 1 – 10 °d and higher x 100 931 029
Hardness H 20 F (total) 0.5–20 °d / 0.1–3.6 mmol/l1) x 200 915 005 915 505 915 205
Hardness H 2 (residual) 0.05–2 °d/0.01–0.36 mmol/l1) x 200 915 002 915 502 915 202
Hardness (residual) NEW! 0.04 – 0.30 °d x 200 935 080
Hydrazine 0.1 – 2 mg/l N2H4 x 75 914 016 914 516 914 216
Iron (DEV) 0.1–50 mg/l 2) 0.1 – 50 mg/l Fe x 200 914 017 – 914 217
Iron (DEV) 0.1–2 mg/l 2) 0.1 – 2 mg/l Fe x 200 – 914 517 914 217
Iron (Triazine) 0.1 – 2 mg/l Fe x 120 914 039 914 539 914 239
Iron 0.04 – 1.0 mg/l Fe x 100 931 026 931 226
Iron 0.01 – 0.20 mg/l Fe x 300 920 040 920 140
Manganese 0.1 – 4 mg/l Mn x 100 914 018 914 518 914 218
Manganese 0.03 – 0.50 mg/l Mn x 100 920 055 920 155
1)For titration test kits the range can be increased with additional syringes of reagent. 2) DEV = based on the chemical procedures of the
German Standard Methods 3) Contains chlorinated hydrocarbons; observe local regulations!

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test kits for water analysis

Programme of all VISOCOLOR® test kits (cont.)

VISOCOLOR® test kit Type Cat. No.

No. of single test test kit for refill pack

comp.
alpha
ECO

titr.
HE
for the determination of range tests kit reagent
cases
Nickel 0.2 – 10 mg/l Ni2+ x 60 914 019 914 519 914 219
Nickel NEW! 0.1 – 1.5 mg/l Ni2+ x 150 931 040 931 240
Nitrate NEW! 2 – 50 mg/l NO3– x 100 935 065
Nitrate 4 – 120 mg/l NO3– x 120 931 041 931 241
Nitrate 50 1 – 50 mg/l NO3– x 100 914 045 914 545 914 245
Nitrite 0.05 – 1.0 mg/l NO2– x 200 935 066
Nitrite 0.05 – 2 mg/l NO2– x 60 914 020 914 520 914 220
Nitrite 0.02 – 0.5 mg/l NO2– x 150 931 044 931 244
Nitrite 0.005 – 0.10 mg/l NO2– x 150 920 063 920 163
Oxygen 1 – 10 mg/l O2 x 50 931 088 931 288
Oxygen SA 10 0.2 – 10 mg/l O2 1) x 100 915 009 915 509 915 209
Oxygen consumption can only be used with test kit Oxygen SA 10 x – 915 012 – –
pH 5 – 9 pH 5.0 – 9.0 x 200 935 075
pH 4.0 – 9.0 pH 4.0 – 9.0 x 400 931 066 931 266
pH 4.0 – 10.0 pH 4.0 – 10.0 x 500 914 022 914 522 914 222
pH 4.0 – 10.0 pH 4.0 – 10.0 x 500 920 074 920 174
pH 6.5 – 8.2 pH 6.5 – 8.2 100 – – 914 251
only for the reagent case for the analysis of swimming pool water
pH 6.9–8.2 pH 6.9 – 8.2 x 150 – 914 530 914 330
Phosphate NEW! 2 – 20 mg/l PO43– x 70 935 079
Phosphate 2 – 25 mg/l PO43– x 60 914 023 914 523 914 223
Phosphate 0.2 – 5 mg/l P x 100 931 084 931 284
Phosphate (DEV) 2) 0.1 – 1.5 mg/l P x 100 914 037 914 537 914 237
Phosphate 0.05 – 1.0 mg/l P x 300 920 082 920 182
Phosphate (DEV) 2) 0.01 – 0.25 mg/l P x 100 920 080 920 180
Potassium 2 – 15 mg/l K+ x 60 914 044 914 544 914 244
Residual hardness see under Hardness (residual)
Swimming pool 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l Cl2 x 150 931 090 931 290
(chlorine + pH) pH 6.9 – 8.2 150
Swimming pool 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l Cl2 x 100 – s. Chlorine + 914 230
(chlorine + pH) pH 6.9 – 8.2 150 pH 6.9–8.2
Silica / silicon 0.2 – 5 mg/l SiO2 x 80 914 024 914 524 914 224
Silica / silicon 0.01 – 0.30 mg/l Si x 120 920 087 920 187
Sulphate 25 – 200 mg/l SO42– x 100 914 035 914 535 914 235
Sulphide 0.05 – 1.0 mg/l S2– x 100 914 033 914 533 914 233
Sulphite SU 100 2 – 100 mg/l SO32– 1) x 100 915 008 915 508 915 208
Zinc 0.25 – 3 mg/l Zn2+ x 100 914 041 914 541 914 241
1) For titration test kits the range can be increased with additional syringes of reagent. 2) DEV = based on the chemical procedures of the

German Standard Methods 3) Contains chlorinated hydrocarbons; observe local regulations!

Analytical principles
Colorimetry Volumetric analysis
In colorimetric procedures advantage is taken of the fact that For certain substances it is difficult or even impossible to con-
certain reagents form coloured compounds with the sub- vert them to compounds which can be colorimetrically evalu-
stances to be determined. The intensity of the colour is direct- ated. In many of these cases titrimetric methods are used for
ly related to the concentration of the substance in question. In analysis.
the case of the VISOCOLOR® Kit Nitrite e. g. the reagents This measuring principle is briefly explained as follows:
form with nitrite a blue-red dye, the concentration of which is
proportional to the concentration of nitrite. In the case of pH For volumetric analysis one adds drop by drop of a titration
measurements the use of specific indicator mixtures permits solution into a defined volume of the sample solution. The ac-
the formation of a characteristic colour for each pH value. The tive substance in the titration solution reacts with the sub-
reaction colours obtained are compared with a range of stance to be determined in the sample. After complete
standards in a sample vessel called comparator. As soon as reaction further addition of titration solution would cause an
the reaction colour has been matched to a comparison colour, excess of the active substance. The point of complete reac-
the result can be read from the comparator or colour charts. tion (end point or equivalence point) is visualised by the col-
our change of an indicator added to the sample.

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test kits for water analysis

VISOCOLOR® alpha test kits (colorimetry and volumetric analysis)

Features of VISOCOLOR® alpha test kits
single reagent kit
handy packages
extremely easy to use
pictographic explanations
VISOCOLOR® alpha is the newest product line within the
VISOCOLOR® family. It uses colorimetric, as well as titrimet-
ric procedures. This product group is aimed at but not limited
to analytical applications in the fields of swimming pool water
and aquaculture. Use of multicomponent reagents results in
a very convenient, rapid and safe handling, because often
only one reagent is needed for each test.
The reagent bottles are packed in practical blister packs. The
cardboard back is slidden for opening and closing the pack-
age, and also provides all information required for the test: in-
en ient
structions for use in 6 languages with pictographs, as well as
onv
a colour comparison scale for colorimetric evaluations.
lea r–C
The blister packs of the VISOCOLOR® alpha test kits have a t–C
punched hole for convenient storage or display in showrooms pac
or sale rooms. Com
VISOCOLOR® alpha test kits with colour comparison card
Principle: colorimetric colour comparison
Contents of a test kit:
✓ sample tube with 5-ml ring mark ✓ measuring spoon for solid reagents
✓ drop or powder bottles with the required reagents ✓ colour comparison scale with at least 5 values

fill sample tube with add liquid reagent or add solid reagent mix and wait the place sample tube on view from above and
the water sample reaction time indicated colour comparison card compare with
colour scale

VISOCOLOR® alpha titration test kits

Principle: titration with drop counting
Contents of a titration test kit:
✓ sample tube with 5-ml ring mark
✓ drop bottle with the required reagents

fill sample tube with add liquid reagent . . . . . . until indicator

the water sample changes colour
count drops: 1 = 1 measuring unit, e. g. °d

MN 35
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test kits for water analysis

VISOCOLOR® ECO test kits (colorimetry and volumetric analysis)

specially recommended for schools, environmentalists, water wardens, fish breeders and small waste water
treatment plants
VISOCOLOR® ECO presents a product group of colorimetric
and titrimetric test kits which avoids hazardous substances
wherever possible. With VISOCOLOR® ECO even water
constituents with low limiting values can be determined with
sufficient accuracy.
Features of VISOCOLOR® ECO test kits
colorimetric and titrimetric test kits for low concentrations
immediate applicability in the field
easy operation due to pictographic explanations
instructions in six languages
convenient reading of results just by shifting the compa-
rator
expanded measuring range with high density of measur-
ing values
compensation of turbidities and colour
no use of toxic reagents
used analytical preparations can be disposed of by the VISOCOLOR® ECO test kits with colour comparison card
user Principle: colorimetric colour comparison
reagents sufficient for 50 – 400 measurements
Contents of a test kit:
✓ 2 measuring tubes 20 mm diameter with screw caps
✓ sliding comparator for holding the measuring tubes
✓ colour comparison card with at least 8 values
✓ plastic syringe 5 ml for sampling
✓ bottles wit reagents
✓ measuring spoon for solid reagents
2
1

0 0,2 0,3 1 2 3

B
A A

B B
A B A B A B A

fill both tubes with add liquid reagent add solid reagent close, mix, wait the place on colour compar- . . . until colours match,
the water sample (tube B) (tube B) reaction time indicated ison card and shift . . . read result
5
4
3

fill titration tube with

2
1

the water sample

add indicator
and mix

add titration solution

drop by drop . . .

VISOCOLOR® ECO titration test kits

Principle: titration with drop counting
2
Contents of a titration test kit: 1
. . .until the indicator
x
✓ sample tube with 5-ml ring mark changes colour
x drops = x °d
✓ plastic syringe 5 ml for sampling
✓ drop bottles with reagents

36 MN
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test kits for water analysis

VISOCOLOR® comparator test kits (colorimetry)

Features of VISOCOLOR® comparator test kits
convenient sampling
solid comparator for sampling, mixing and readout in
only one vessel
useful accessories for sampling
compensation of turbidity and colour
sufficient for up to 400 measurements
refill packs available
Contents of a comparator test kit
✓ comparator cell
✓ compensation cell for coloured or turbid samples
✓ bottles with reagents
✓ spoon for solid reagents
✓ beaker for sampling
Each VISOCOLOR® comparator test kit is packed in a stur-
dy plastic box, which contains a comparator for colour com-
parison and all required reagents. VISOCOLOR® comparator
kits contain useful analytical accessories and thus can be
used as complete mini-laboratories.

sampling of water fill the comparator with add liquid reagent add solid reagent close and mix read off result
the water sample after the reaction time

MN 37
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test kits for water analysis

VISOCOLOR® titration test kits (volumetric analysis)

VISOCOLOR® titration test kits are based on the principles of
volumetric analysis. The kits are supplied with all necessary
reagents for an easy but accurate determination.
Features of VISOCOLOR® titration test kits:
syringes with narrow gradations for accurate readout
results are given directly in mg/l or even in a second al-
ternative dimension
specially selected indicators give sharp colour changes
chemical reactions based on established volumetric
methods
sufficient for up to 300 measurements
refill packs available
Contents of a VISOCOLOR® titration test kit
✓ graduated syringe
✓ prepared indicator solution
✓ preadjusted titration solution
✓ titration test tube

1
7

7
8

8
9

9
2 1

3 2
4 3

5 4
6 5
7 6

8 7
9 8
9

fill the titration tube add the indicator fill the titration syringe add titration solution . . . until the indicator read result
with the water sample and mix drop by drop . . . changes colour

38 MN
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test kits for water analysis

VISOCOLOR® HE test kits (high sensitivity colorimetry)

VISOCOLOR® HE test kits are highly sensitive colorimetric
test kits. In comparison with conventional VISOCOLOR® kits, increased
their sensitivity is enhanced by increasing the length of the number of
test tube and the use of highly sensitive reagents. This tech- tests
nique allows a 10-fold to 100-fold increase of sensitivity. Each
VISOCOLOR® HE test kit is packed in a sturdy plastic box
which contains the comparator block with colour comparison
disk and all required reagents. VISOCOLOR® HE kits contain
useful analytical accessories and can be used as complete
mini-laboratories.
Features of VISOCOLOR® HE test kits
high sensitivity down to 0.002 mg/l
extreme accuracy due to narrow gradation
particularly suitable for the analysis of drinking water or
boiler feed water
compensation of turbidities or colour
accessories for sampling
sufficient for up to 500 measurements
refill packs available
Contents of a VISOCOLOR® HE test kit
✓ comparator block with colour comparison disk
✓ bottles with reagents
✓ spoon for solid reagents
✓ beaker for sampling
✓ sample tubes

VI
SO
I
CO
LO R¤ HE
S
O

C
O
L E
O R H

insert colour fill both tubes with add liquid reagent add solid reagent close, mix, wait for the turn the disk until
comparison disk the water sample (right tube) (right tube) indicated reaction time colours match,
read result

MN 39
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test kits for water analysis

Description of individual parameters and tests

Primary amines react like ammonium ions resulting in high re-
sults.
H+ Chlorine-consuming substances can lower the result or even
Acidity inhibit the reaction depending on their concentration.
In natural unpolluted waters mainly carbonic acid is present, (b) Procedure according to Nessler: in strongly alkaline so-
but also humic acids. With this test kit all acids, i. e. also those lution ammonium ions react with Nessler’s reagent to form a
present in industrial waters, can be determined. yellow-coloured mercury salt of Millon’s base.
Reaction basis: This method is recommended for the determination of NH4+
Titrimetric determination of acids with sodium hydroxide solu- in surface, drinking and industrial waste waters which do not
tion against the p indicator contain an excess of hardness constituents (Ca2+, Mg2+), iron
Note: or sulphide ions. These interferences can be circumvented by
To differentiate between mineral acids and carbonic acid, a distillation prior to the test.
the sample should be titrated against indicator m from the Theses methods cannot be used for the analysis of sea wa-
VISOCOLOR® test kit Carbonate hardness C 20. ter.
The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
VISOCOLOR® alpha Ammonium Cat. No. 935 012
VISOCOLOR® Acidity AC 7 Cat. No. 915 006 Test kit for the determination of ammonium
Test kit for the determination of the acidity of water Reaction basis (a):
Range and gradation: DEV procedure with salicylic acid as coupling
1 syringe is sufficient for the determination of 0.2 – 7 mmol/l component
H+, 1 gradation mark = 0.2 mmol/l Range and gradation: NEW!
Kit contents: sufficient for about 200 tests with an average 0 0.2 0.5 1 2 3 mg/l NH4+
acid content of 4 mmol/l Kit contents: sufficient for 50 tests
Shelf life: at least 2 years Shelf life: 18 months
VISOCOLOR® ECO Ammonium Cat. No. 931 008
OH– Test kit for the determination of ammonium
Alkalinity (total)
Reaction basis (a):
All compounds which cause a pH increase above pH 7 are DEV procedure with thymol as coupling component
determined, e. g. hydroxide, carbonate, hydrogen carbonate
etc. Range and gradation:
0 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 1 2 3 mg/l NH4+
Reaction basis:
Titrimetric determination of the alkalinity with hydrochloric Kit contents: sufficient for 50 tests
acid against the m indicator Shelf life: at least 18 months
Note: VISOCOLOR® Ammonium (DEV) Cat. No. 914 038
To differentiate between hydroxide, carbonate and hydrogen
Test kit for the determination of ammonium
carbonate you should use the VISOCOLOR® test kit Carbon-
ate hardness C 20 (see German Standard Methods DIN Reaction basis (a):
38 409-H7). DEV procedure with salicylic acid as coupling component
(procedure based on DIN 38 406-E5-1)
The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
VISOCOLOR® Alkalinity AL 7 Cat. No. 915 007
Test kit for the determination of the total alkalinity of
water
Range and gradation:
1 syringe is sufficient for the determination of 0.2 – 7 mmol/l
OH–, 1 gradation mark = 0.2 mmol/l
Kit contents: sufficient for about 200 tests with an average al-
kalinity of 4 mmol/l
Shelf life: at least 2 years

NH4
Ammonium
Ammonium ions occur primarily in domestic waste waters,
but frequently also in industrial waste waters. In surface and
ground waters ammonium ions indicate decomposition of an-
imal or vegetable substances. Control of the ammonium val-
ues is therefore important to the water supply.
Reaction bases:
(a) DEV procedure: in alkaline medium ammonium ions re-
act with chlorine to form chloroamine which in the presence
of a catalyst forms a blue coloured indophenol with phenols.

40 MN
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test kits for water analysis

Description of individual parameters and tests

Range and gradation:
0 0.2 0.5 1.0 2.0 5.0 10 mg/l NH4+
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests NEW!
Shelf life: at least 18 months
VISOCOLOR® HE Ammonium Cat. No. 920 006
High sensitivity test kit for the determination of ammoni-
um
Reaction basis (a):
DEV procedure with salicylic acid as coupling component
(procedure based on DIN 38 406-E5-1)
Range and gradation:
0.0 0.02 0.04 0.07 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 mg/l NH4+
Kit contents: sufficient for 110 tests
Shelf life: at least 1 year
VISOCOLOR® Ammonium (Nessler) Cat. No. 914 010
Test kit for the determination of ammonium 1 gradation mark = 0.5 °d = 0.1 mmol/l Ca = 4.0 mg/l Ca
Reaction basis (b): Kit contents: sufficient for about 200 tests with an average cal-
Procedure according to Nessler; CAUTION: this test kit con- cium hardness of 10 °d or 1.8 mmol/l Ca
tains very toxic potassium mercury iodide! Shelf life: at least 2 years
Range and gradation:
0.5 1.0 2.0 5.0 10 20 mg/l NH4+
CO3
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests Carbonate hardness
Shelf life: at least 3 years
Carbonate hardness is that portion of calcium and magnesium
ions which are present as carbonate or hydrogen carbonate.
Br2 Reaction basis:
Bromine The determination is preformed as titration with hydrochloric
acid against a mixed indicator, which changes colour at pH 4.5.
Bromine and brominating reagents such as 1,3-dibromo-5,5-
dimethylhydantoin (DBH) are used – like chlorine – for disin- Normally the carbonate hardness is smaller than the total
fecting swimming pool water. For determination of bromine hardness. If the carbonate hardness is larger than the total
you may use all VISOCOLOR® Chlorine tests (see page 42). hardness, you should trace the origin of this abnormal condi-
A factor for conversion is given in the instructions. tions, e. g. discharge of alkali hydrogen carbonates or high
buffer capacity.
The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
VISOCOLOR® alpha Carbonate hardness Cat. No. 935 016
Ca
Calcium Test kit for the determination of carbonate hardness
Calcium is widely distributed in nature in rocks and in water. Range and gradation: 1 drop = 1 °d
Water containing calcium and magnesium causes problems in Kit contents: 1 reagent, sufficient for about 100 tests with an
industry as well as in households, since during boiling calcium average hardness of 10 °d
carbonate is precipitated as detrimental boiler scale and since Shelf life: at least 18 months
calcium ions inhibit the foaming of soaps.
Reaction basis: VISOCOLOR® ECO Carbonate hardness Cat. No. 931 014
complexometric titration after precipitation of the magnesium Test kit for the determination of carbonate hardness
salts Range and gradation: 1 drop = 1 °d
The method can be used for the analysis of sea water. Kit contents: sufficient for about 100 tests with an average
hardness of 10 °d
VISOCOLOR® ECO Calcium Cat. No. 931 012
Shelf life: at least 2 years
Test kit for the determination of calcium
Range and gradation: 1 drop = 5 mg/l Ca2+
Kit contents: sufficient for about 100 test with an average cal-
cium concentration of 50 mg/l Ca2+
Shelf life: 18 months
VISOCOLOR® Calcium CA 20 Cat. No. 915 010
Test kit for the determination of the calcium hardness of
water
Range and gradation:
1 syringe is sufficient for the determination of 0.5 – 20 °d or of
0.1 – 3.6 mmol/l Ca.

MN 41
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test kits for water analysis

Description of individual parameters and tests

VISOCOLOR® Carbonate hardness C 20 (p/m Alkalinity) Kit contents: sufficient for 300 tests with an average chloride
Cat. No. 915 003 ion concentration of 200 mg/l Cl–
Test kit for the determination of carbonate hardness and Shelf life: at least 2 years
the p and m values
VISOCOLOR® ECO Chloride Cat. No. 931 018
In addition to the carbonate hardness (= m value) this test kit
is also suited to determine the partial alkalinity (= p value). Test kit for the colorimetric determination of chloride
Range and gradation: Reaction basis (b): mercury(II) thiocyanate method
1 syringe is sufficient for the determination of 0.5 – 20 °d or Range and gradation:
0.2 – 7 mmol/l H+. 1 2 4 7 12 20 40 60 mg/l Cl–
1 gradation mark = 0.5 °d = 0.2 mmol/l H+ Kit contents: sufficient for 90 tests
Kit contents: sufficient for about 200 tests with an average Shelf life: at least 1 year
carbonate hardness of 10 °d or 4 mmol/l H+
Shelf life: at least 2 years
Cl2
Chlorine
CO2 The addition of chlorine to swimming pools, water reservoirs
Carbonic acid and water mains is an approved procedure to rid the water of
Carbonic acid is a natural component of the acidity of a water. germs. With the correct dose harmful microorganisms are de-
Determination is performed with the test kit VISOCOLOR® stroyed, many impurities removed and the growth of algae is
Acidity AC 7 and is described in detail under that heading. prevented. However it is imperative that the chlorine content
is regularly checked, since excessive chlorine not only im-
pairs the smell and taste of the water but can be hazardous.
One distinguishes between free chlorine and bound chlorine
(chloroamines); the sum of both is called total chlorine.
Cl– Reaction basis: at a pH value of 5 – 6 free chlorine reacts with
Chloride
N,N-diethyl-1,4-phenylene diamine (DPD) to form a red-violet
Chloride ions occur in all natural waters. Their concentration dye. In the presence of iodide ions the content of total chlorine
depends on the geological and local situation. In waste wa- can be determined, too.
ters and polluted rivers the chloride concentration can reach The determination of free chlorine includes the concentra-
high values. tions of bromine, bromoamine, iodine and in part chlorine di-
Reaction bases: oxide.
(a) Mercurimetric titration 1.0 mg/l Cl2 =ˆ 2.3 mg/l Br2 =ˆ 3.6 mg/l I2
Higher-valency manganese compounds simulate free chlo-
(b) Mercury(II) thiocyanate method: chloride ions react with
rine.
mercury(II) thiocyanate to form undissociated mercury(II)
chloride. The liberated thiocyanate forms a characteristic or- The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
ange colour with iron(III) ions. Note:
Bromide, cyanide, iodide, sulphide, thiocyanate and thiosul- When measuring the chlorine content in swimming pools it is
phate interfere, because they react like chloride. Fluoride in recommended to check the pH value as well. For this purpose
excess of 20 mg/l causes low results. we supply combination test kits VISOCOLOR® Swimming
pool.
Both methods can be used for the analysis of sea water after
dilution (1:50). VISOCOLOR® alpha Chlorine Cat. No. 935 019
VISOCOLOR® Chloride CL 500 Cat. No. 915 004 Test kit for the determination of free chlorine
Test kit for the titrimetric determination of chloride Range and gradation:
0.25 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 mg/l Cl2
Reaction basis (a): mercurimetric titration
Kit contents: sufficient for 150 tests
Range and gradation:
1 syringe is sufficient for the determination of 5 – 500 mg/l Cl–, Shelf life: at least 18 months
1 gradation mark = 5 mg/l.
VISOCOLOR® ECO Chlorine Cat. No. 931 015
Test kit for the determination of free chlorine and total
chlorine
Range and gradation:
< 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.9 1.2 2.0 mg/l Cl2

42 MN
 ®
test kits for water analysis

Description of individual parameters and tests

Kit contents: sufficient for 150 tests VISOCOLOR® Chromate Cat. No. 914 011
Shelf life: at least 18 months Test kit for the determination of chromium(VI)
VISOCOLOR® Chlorine Cat. No. 914 232 Range and gradation:
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 1.0 2.0 mg/l CrO42–
Refill pack for the determination of free chlorine and total
chlorine Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests
Range and gradation: Shelf life: at least 3 years
0.1 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.3 2.0 mg/l Cl2
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests
Cu
Shelf life: at least 18 months Copper
VISOCOLOR® HE Chlorine Cat. No. 920 015 In water copper(II) can be found in the dissolved as well as in
undissolved form. Copper(I) compounds and undissolved
High sensitivity test kit for the determination of free chlo-
copper(II) compounds are not determined unless they are de-
rine and total chlorine
composed with concentrated nitric acid prior to the test.
Range and gradation:
Reaction basis:
0.0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.60 mg/l Cl2
In weakly alkaline medium copper(II) ions react with cupri-
Note: values below 0.1 mg/l chlorine should be compared zone into form a blue colour complex.
against a reagent blind value.
Strongly acidic and buffered solutions have to be adjusted to
Kit contents: sufficient for 2 x 160 tests pH 9 with ammonia for the test. Iron(II), chromium(VI), nickel
Shelf life: at least 2 years and manganese ions interfere in concentrations above
10 mg/l. Cr(III) concentrations which exceed the copper con-
centration cause low results, but can be eliminated by oxida-
tion to chromate using ammonium peroxodisulphate /
sulphuric acid). Cobalt ions form a red colour complex which,
depending on the copper concentration, can already interfere
above 1 mg/l. Cyanides and sulphides present in excess of
1 mg/l cause low results.
The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
VISOCOLOR® ECO Copper Cat. No. 931 037
Test kit for the determination of copper
Range and gradation:
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.5 mg/l Cu2+
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests
Shelf life: at least 2 years

CrO4
Chromate
Chromium compounds can be present in industrial waste wa-
ters in trivalent form [chromium(III) ions] and in hexavalent
form (chromate and dichromate ions). In order to determine
the total chromium all other valencies must be oxidised to
chromium(VI). Each test kit comes with a detailed description.
Reaction basis: in sulphuric acid chromate ions react with
diphenylcarbazide to form a red-violet dye.
Larger amounts of heavy metals interfere with the test.
The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
VISOCOLOR® ECO Chromium(VI) Cat. No. 931 020
Test kit for the determination of chromium(VI)
Range and gradation:
0.02 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 mg/l Cr(VI)
Kit contents: sufficient for 140 tests
Shelf life: at least 18 months

MN 43
 ®
test kits for water analysis

Description of individual parameters and tests

VISOCOLOR® Copper Cat. No. 914 034

Test kit for the determination of copper
Cya
Range and gradation: Cyanuric acid
0.1 0.2 0.5 1.0 2.0 3.0 mg/l Cu2+
Chlorine for disinfection in swimming pools, is degraded by in-
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests tensive UV radiation. A common stabilizer for chlorine in
Shelf life: at least 2 years swimming pools is cyanuric acid. Chloroisocyanic acid is also
used directly as disinfecting agent. Forced by legal regula-
tions, or because of their personal interest in a good state of
VISOCOLOR® HE Copper Cat. No. 920 050 their pools, many private and public owners use rapid tests for
High sensitivity test kit for the determination of copper frequent monitoring of cyanuric acid.
Range and gradation: Reaction basis: turbidity measurement
0.0 0.04 0.07 0.10 0.15 Cyanuric acid forms with a triazine derivative a fine precipi-
0.20 0.25 0.30 0.40 0.50 mg/l Cu2+ tate. The turbity caused by this reaction can be measured vis-
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests ually or photometrcally to determine the cyanuric acid
concentration.
Shelf life: at least 2 years
Turbidities interfere and must be filtered prior to the analysis.
The method can be applied for the analysis of sea water.
CN–
Cyanide VISOCOLOR® ECO Cyanuric acid Cat. No. 931 023
Cyanide ions are very toxic because they block the iron of the Test kit for the determination of cyanuric acid
respiratory enzyme and thus inhibit the oxygen transport. For Range and gradation:
humans 1 mg cyanide per kg body weight is considered le- 10 15 20 30 40 60 80 100 mg/l Cya
thal. Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests
Shelf life: at least 18 months NEW!
Reaction basis:
Cyanide ions react with chlorine to form cyanogen chloride,
which splits the pyridine ring and forms glutaconedialdehyde.
By aldol condensation with barbituric acid a violet polyme-
thine dye is produced.
This test covers free cyanide and cyanide complexes which
can be destroyed with chlorine. If interfering substances like
heavy metal complexes, thiocyanate, sulphide, dyes or aro-
matic amines are present, a distillation according to DIN
38 405-D 13–2–2 must precede the cyanide test). For the de-
termination of easily released and total cyanide as well as for
the determination of cyanide in stone fruit spirits please con-
tact MACHEREY-NAGEL for special working instructions.
The method cannot be used for the analysis of sea water.
VISOCOLOR® ECO Cyanide Cat. No. 931 022
Test kit for the determination of cyanide
Free of pyridine! DEHA
DEHA (diethylhydroxylamine)
Range and gradation: NEW!
0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 In boiler houses the carcinogenic hydrazine is more and more
0.07 0.10 0.15 0.20 mg/l CN– replaced by diethylhydroxylamine (DEHA) to remove oxygen.
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests Reaction basis: Measurement of the reduction properties of
Shelf life: at least 1 year DEHA for iron(III) ions and determination of the iron(II) ions
formed. Strictly observe the temperature and reaction time
VISOCOLOR® Cyanide Cat. No. 914 042 since they strongly influence the colour intensity.
Test kit for the determination of cyanide Iron(II) ions interfere. This error can be taken into account by a
Range and gradation: modified test procedure.
0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 1.0 mg/l CN–
Kit contents: sufficient for 70 tests
Shelf life: at least 1 year
VISOCOLOR® HE Cyanide Cat. No. 920 028
High sensitivity test kit for the determination of cyanide
Range and gradation:
0.0 0.002 0.004 0.007 0.010 0.015
0.020 0.025 0.030 0.040 mg/l CN–
Kit contents: sufficient for 55 tests
Shelf life: at least 1 year

44 MN
 ®
test kits for water analysis

Description of individual parameters and tests

VISOCOLOR® DEHA Cat. No. 914 043

Test kit for the determination of diethylhydroxylamine
°d
Range and gradation: Hardness (total and residual)
0 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.0 mg/l DEHA
The total hardness of water is based on its content of alkaline
Kit contents: sufficient for 75 tests earth ions (calcium and magnesium ions). This content de-
Shelf life: at least 1 year pends on the geological conditions the water encounters dur-
ing its course and may vary widely. Knowledge of the total
hardness is important for the use of water in industrial as well
as municipal applications, e. g. in the household as wash wa-
ter or as boiler feed water in industry.
Detergents (surfactants) Reaction basis:
Detergents are surface-active substances which can be clas- complexometric titration
sified into anionic, cationic and non-ionogenic groups. They Copper(II) ions can delay or (in higher concentrations) even
can be found in municipal and industrial waste waters. block the colour change of the indicator. For this reason allow
Reaction bases enough water to run from copper pipes prior to sampling.
(a) Under suitable conditions anionic detergents react with The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
methylene blue to form a coloured complex which is extracted
with an organic phase. VISOCOLOR® alpha Hardness (total) Cat. No. 935 042
The reference standard is methyl dodecylbenzene sulpho- Test kit for the determination of total hardness
nate (MBAS: 342 g/mol). Range and gradation: 1 drop = 1 °d
(b) Cationic detergents react with bromophenol blue to form Kit contents: 1 reagent, sufficient for 50 tests
a coloured complex which is extracted with an organic phase. with an average hardness of 10 ˚d
The reference standard is N-cetyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium
Shelf life: at least 18 months
bromide (CTAB: 364.5 g/mol).
If the water contains cationic and anionic detergents, equiva-
lent quantities are combined and escape analysis. Normally VISOCOLOR® alpha
detergents are determined as a sum. For the analysis of spe-
cific detergents a correction factor has to be determined.
The methods can be used for the analysis of sea water.
VISOCOLOR® Detergents, anionic Cat. No. 914 014
Extraction method (kit contains chlorinated hydrocarbons,
observe local regulations)
Reaction basis (a): methylene blue method
Range and gradation:
0.1 0.25 0.5 1.0 2.0 5.0 mg/l MBAS
Kit contents: sufficient for 50 tests
Shelf life: at least 2 years
VISOCOLOR® Detergents, cationic Cat. No. 914 015 slidable back with multilingual information
Extraction method (kit contains chlorinated hydrocarbons,
observe local regulations)
Reaction basis (b): bromophenol blue method and opened
Range and gradation: evaluation chart
0 1 3 5 10 20 mg/l CTAB
Kit contents: sufficient for 50 tests
Shelf life: at least 2 years

S2O4
Dithionite
Dithionites (S2O42–), above all sodium dithionite (so-called
hydrosulphite), are important aids in dying, textile and paper
industries due to their reducing properties. They are especial-
ly used for vat dying, for bleaching of wood-based paper VISOCOLOR® ECO Hardness (total) Cat. No. 931 029
stuffs, sugars, sirup, gelatin, starch, molasses, saccharine Test kit for the determination of total hardness
juice, soaps, technical fats, as decolorant for textiles, for Range and gradation: 1 drop = 1 °d
desilvering of used fixing baths etc.
Following a simple special instruction, dithionite can be deter- Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests with an average hardness
mined titrimetrically with VISOCOLOR® Sulphite SU 100. of 10 °d
Shelf life: at least 18 months

MN 45
 ®
test kits for water analysis

Description of individual parameters and tests

VISOCOLOR® Hardness H 20 F (total) Cat. No. 915 005 quently the sample is in a transition state with finely dispersed
Test kit for the determination of total hardness iron oxides. In waste water and natural water containing hu-
mic acids iron is often present in the form of a complex salt.
Range and gradation: The VISOCOLOR® test kits only determine iron which is
1 syringe is sufficient for the determination of 0.5 – 20 °d or present in dissolved form as Fe2+ or Fe3+ ions. Iron complex-
0.1 – 3.6 mmol/l Ca. 1 gradation mark = 0.5 °d = 0.1 mmol/l es are not covered unless they are decomposed by oxidation
Kit contents: sufficient for 200 tests with an average hardness with nitric acid and sulphuric acid.
of 10 °d or 1.8 mmol/l Ca Reaction bases:
Shelf life: at least 18 months (a) Triazine method: iron(II) ions react with a triazine deriva-
tive to form a violet complex. Iron(III) ions are reduced and
VISOCOLOR® alpha Residual hardness Cat. No. 935 080
thus also determined.
Test kit for the determination of residual hardness
Copper(I) ions interfere forming a grey-violet complex. Nickel
Reaction basis (b): colorimetry ions cause low results. Cobalt ions and molybdate ions inter-
Range and gradation: fere forming yellow complex compounds. Nitrite ions interfere
0.00 0.04 0.08 0.15 0.30 °d because they shift the colour to yellowish-red.
NEW!
Kit contents: sufficient for 200 tests (b) DEV procedure: iron(II) ions react with 1,10-phenanthro-
Shelf life: 12 months line to form an orange coloured complex. Iron(III) ions are re-
duced and thus also determined.
VISOCOLOR® Hardness H 2 (residual)Cat. No. Oxidising agents (H2O2, Cl2, CrO42–) interfere > 30 mmol/l,
915 002 but can be eliminated with sodium sulphite or ascorbic acid.
Test kit for the determination of the residual hardness Complex iron compounds (hexacyanoferrates) are not deter-
This test kit is designed for the analysis of very soft water and mined unless they are decomposed with conc. sulphuric acid
as a function control of water softeners. In industry one often prior to the test.
needs water which is absolutely free of hardness constitu- Both methods can be used for the analysis of sea water.
ents, e. g. for many chemical processes, in textile industry, as
feed water for high pressure boilers etc. VISOCOLOR® ECO Iron Cat. No. 931 026
Range and gradation: 1 syringe is sufficient for the determi- Test kit for the determination of iron(II) and iron(III)
nation of 0.05 – 2.0 °d or 0.01 – 0.36 mmol/l Ca. 1 gradation Reaction basis (a): triazine method
mark = 0.05 °d or 0.01 mmol/l Range and gradation:
Kit contents: sufficient for 200 tests with an average hardness 0 0.04 0.07 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.30 0.50 1.0 mg/l Fe
of 1 °d Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests
Shelf life: at least 18 months Shelf life: at least 2 years
VISOCOLOR® Iron (Triazine) Cat. No. 914 039
N2H4 Test kit for the determination of iron(II) and iron(III)
Hydrazine
Reaction basis (a): triazine method
Hydrazine has been used in power plants to remove residual
oxygen from condensation and feed water. The reaction Range and gradation:
products are merely water and nitrogen so that the salt con- 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 1.0 2.0 mg/l Fe
tent of the boiler water does not increase as is the case with Kit contents: sufficient for 120 tests
other reducing agents. Due to its toxicity, however, hydrazine Shelf life: at least 2 years
is today mostly replaced by other substances like DEHA.
Reaction basis:
In acidic solution hydrazine reacts with 4-dimethylaminobenz-
aldehyde to form a yellow-orange coloured compound.
VISOCOLOR® Hydrazine Cat. No. 914 016
Test kit for the determination of hydrazine
Range and gradation:
0.1 0.3 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 mg/l N2H4
Kit contents: sufficient for 75 tests
Shelf life: at least 1 year or until reagent 2 turns brown

Hydrosulphite
see dithionite

Fe
Iron
Natural waters as well as waste waters often contain some
iron. It can be present as Fe(II) or Fe(III) ions if the pH value
of the water is below 3 or if the water is free of oxygen. At
higher pH values Fe(III) forms an insoluble oxyhydrate. Fre-

46 MN
 ®
test kits for water analysis

Description of individual parameters and tests

VISOCOLOR® Iron (DEV) Cat. No. 914 017 < 2 mg/l Cr, Co, Cu
Test kit for the determination of iron(II) and iron(III) < 10 mg/l PO43– if hardness constituents (Ca / Mg) are
present too.
Reaction basis (b): DEV procedure
The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
Range and gradation:
0.1 0.3 0.5 1.0 2.0 4.0 7.0 10 25 50 mg/l Fe VISOCOLOR® Manganese Cat. No. 914 018
Kit contents: sufficient for 200 tests Test kit for the determination of manganese
Shelf life: at least 3 years Range and gradation:
0.1 0.3 0.5 1.0 2.0 4.0 mg/l Mn
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests
Shelf life: at least 2 years
VISOCOLOR® HE Manganese Cat. No. 920 055
High sensitivity test kit for the determination of manganese
Applicability of this sensitive method for the analysis of sea
water is limited.
Range and gradation:
0.0 0.03 0.06 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.40 0.50 mg/l Mn
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests
Shelf life: at least 2 years

VISOCOLOR® HE Iron Cat. No. 920 040

High sensitivity test kit for the determination of iron(II)
and iron(III)
Reaction basis (a): triazine method
Range and gradation:
0.0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.15 0.20 mg/l Fe
Kit contents: sufficient for 300 tests
Shelf life: at least 2 years

Mg
Magnesium
In order to differentiate between the hardness constituents
calcium and magnesium one can determine the total hard-
ness (see VISOCOLOR® test kits Hardness (total)) and the
calcium hardness (see VISOCOLOR® test kits Calcium). The
difference of both is the magnesium content – an important Ni
parameter in food and building industries. Nickel
Nickel can be present in industrial waste water. It occurs as
the divalent ion or as a nickel complex.
Reaction basis:
Mn In ammonia solution nickel ions react with diacetyldioxime af-
Manganese ter oxidation with bromine to form a reddish-brown dye.
Natural waters contain manganese in the divalent, soluble The following quantities of ions interfere: > 3 mg/l Cu2+ (red
form as well as in colloidal tri- and tetravalent states. Valen- colour) / > 20 mg/l Fe2+, Fe3+ (yellow colour), Cr3+ (turbidity)
cies are interchanged by oxidation-reduction reactions taking Insoluble nickel compounds (e. g. nickel cyanide, nickel car-
place in the water. The test procedure determines all oxida- bonate) and the nickel cyano complexes are not determined.
tion states of manganese.
The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
Reaction basis:
In alkaline solution manganese ions react with formaldoxime VISOCOLOR® ECO Nickel Cat. No. 931 040
to form an orange-red complex. Test kit for the determination of nickel
Nickel interferes causing a yellow-green reaction colour. The Range and gradation:
following quantities of ions do not interfere: 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.2 1.5 mg/l Ni2+
< 300 mg/l Ca + Mg
Kit contents: sufficient for 150 tests
< 200 mg/l Zn, PO43– NEW!
< 20 mg/l Fe Shelf life: at least 18 months en ts
g
2 rea
only
MN 47
 ®
test kits for water analysis

Description of individual parameters and tests

VISOCOLOR® Nickel Cat. No. 914 019 Reaction basis:

Test kit for the determination of nickel In acidic solution sulphanilic acid or sulphanilamide are diazo-
tised with nitrite. The diazonium salt is then coupled with an
Range and gradation: aromatic amine, forming an intensely coloured azo dye.
0.2 0.5 1.0 2.0 5.0 10.0 mg/l Ni2+
Organic colloids, chlorine, humic acids and coloured heavy
Kit contents: sufficient for 60 tests metal ions interfere.
Shelf life: at least 3 years The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
VISOCOLOR® alpha Nitrite Cat. No. 935 066
NO3 Test kit for the determination of nitrite
Nitrate
Range and gradation:
Nitrates occur in most ground and surface waters in concen- 0.05 0.10 0.25 0.5 1.0 mg/l NO2–
trations of up to 20 mg/l. In addition to mere geological influ-
Kit contents: 1 reagent,
ences nitrate concentrations can also increase from agricul-
sufficient for 200 tests
tural sources (fertilisers). The VISOCOLOR® test kits are
intended for the determination of nitrate in surface and drink- Shelf life: at least 18 months
ing water and in industrial waste waters which do not contain
high concentrations of interfering ions. VISOCOLOR® ECO Nitrite Cat. No. 931 044
Test kit for the determination of nitrite
Reaction basis:
Nitrate is reduced to nitrite with an inorganic reducing agent. Range and gradation:
Nitrite is then diazotised with an aromatic amine and simulta- 0 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 mg/l NO2–
neously coupled to form an azo dye. Kit contents: sufficient for 150 tests
Nitrite interferes (same reaction), but can be eliminated by Shelf life: at least 18 months
boiling with amidosulphuric acid (Cat. No. 918 973). Oxidising
substances such as chlorine can lower the result or complete-
ly inhibit the reaction depending on their concentration.
VISOCOLOR® alpha Nitrate Cat. No. 935 065
Test kit for the determination or nitrate
Range and gradation:
2 8 15 30 50 mg/l NO3–
NEW!
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests
Shelf life: 18 months
This test kit can be used for the analysis of sea water.
VISOCOLOR® ECO Nitrate Cat. No. 931 041
Test kit for the determination of nitrate
Range and gradation:
0 4 10 20 30 50 70 90 120 mg/l NO3–
Kit contents: sufficient for 120 tests
Shelf life: at least 18 months
This test kit can be used for the analysis of sea water.
VISOCOLOR® Nitrite Cat. No. 914 020
VISOCOLOR® Nitrate 50 Cat. No. 914 045
Test kit for the determination of nitrite
Test kit for the determination of nitrate
Range and gradation:
Range and gradation: 0.05 0.1 0.25 0.50 1.0 2.0 mg/l NO2–
1 2 5 10 20 50 mg/l NO3–
Kit contents: sufficient for 60 tests
With the syringe included in the kit the range can be extended
up to 500 mg/l nitrate. Shelf life: at least 18 months
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests VISOCOLOR® HE Nitrite Cat. No. 920 063
Shelf life: at least 18 months High sensitivity test kit for the determination of nitrite ac-
This test kit cannot be used for the analysis of sea water. cording to DIN EN 26 777
Range and gradation:
0.0 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.02 0.03 0.04
0.06 0.08 0.10 mg/l NO2–
NO2 Kit contents: sufficient for 150 tests
Nitrite
Shelf life: at least 2 years
In surface waters nitrite ions are generally present in low concen-
trations. Their presence in ground water is less common. In waste
waters nitrite frequently occurs, even in fairly high concentrations.

48 MN
 ®
test kits for water analysis

Description of individual parameters and tests

Note: in combination with the BOD5 accessories package
(Cat. No. 916 918) and the BOD5 nutrient mixture without N-
O2 allylthiourea (ATU) (Cat. No. 918 994) or the BOD5 nutrient
Oxygen mixture Plus with ATU (Cat. No. 918 995) this test kit can also
The solubility of oxygen in water depends on the temperature, be used for determination of the BOD5 (sufficient for 25 – 50
the pressure and the other components of the water. The ox- samples). Preparation of the samples is performed using the
ygen content of a water at the time of sampling is often quoted so-called dilution principle according to DIN ISO 1899-1-H51.
as the percentage of the possible saturation. If you want to determine the BOD5 with VISOCOLOR® Oxy-
gen SA 10 please ask for our special instructions.
Reaction basis:
Oxygen determination according to Winkler: in alkaline solution VISOCOLOR® Oxygen consumption Cat. No. 915 012
dissolved oxygen oxidises manganese(II) ions to higher-valent Organic substances in surface and waste waters are mostly
manganese hydroxides. In a strongly acidic medium these mineralised by bacteria under oxygen consumption. Under
form manganese(III) ions which can be determined either titri- unfavourable conditions, and if pollutant concentrations are
metrically or colorimetrically after addition of a colour reagent. high, this results in an oxygen deficit with negative conse-
Most oxidising and reducing compounds interfere, as for ex- quences for higher organisms (fish). The oxygen consump-
ample active chlorine, sulphite, sulphide, higher-valent man- tion is evaluated by an oxygen determination immediately
ganese compounds. Organic compounds interfere, if the after sampling and another oxygen determination after 1 to
potassium permanganate consumption exceeds 60 mg/l. 5 days. This procedure additionally requires the test kit
This interference can be circumvented by subsequent addi- VISOCOLOR® Oxygen SA 10.
tion of ammonium hydrogen carbonate solution. Kit contents: 5 sample bottles, 1 thermometer, 1 titration sy-
1 mg/l Fe2+ simulates 0.14 mg/l O2. ringe, 1 titration tube, no reagents
The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
VISOCOLOR® ECO Oxygen Cat. No. 931 088
Test kit for the colorimetric determination of dissolved pH
oxygen in water pH value
Range and gradation: The pH value indicates whether a water reacts acidic, alkaline
0 1 2 3 4 6 8 10 mg/l O2 or neutral. It is determined by the concentration of hydrogen
Kit contents: sufficient for 50 tests ions. All biological processes in water are tied to specific pH
ranges. For municipal and industrial applications, too, the
Shelf life: at least 12 months
control of specific pH limits is important since e. g. the effi-
Note: when ordering this test kit for the first time, you also ciency of sewage plants or the corrosive action of tap water
need an oxygen bottle, Cat. No. 915 498 on the pipes depend in the pH value. Contrary to pH indicator
papers VISOCOLOR® pH test kits can also be used to deter-
VISOCOLOR® Oxygen SA 10 Cat. No. 915 009
mine accurate pH values in unbuffered sample solutions.
Test kit for the titrimetric determination of dissolved
oxygen in water according to DIN EN 25 813 Reaction basis:
A special mixture of indicator dyes assumes a characteristic
Range and gradation: colour for every pH value within the range of the kit.
1 syringe is sufficient for the determination of 0.2 – 10 mg/l
O2. 1 gradation mark = 0.2 mg/l The favourable ratio between sample volume and amount of
indicator minimises the indicator error (acid-base-error). This
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests with an average oxygen allows reliable pH measurements in weakly buffered solu-
content of 9 mg/l tions as well.
Shelf life: at least 18 months High contents of neutral salts and colloids as well as organic
solvent concentrations above 10 % can cause wrong results.
The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
For test kits for the neutral pH range (pH 6.5 – 8.2) refer to
VISOCOLOR® Swimming pool
VISOCOLOR® alpha pH 5 – 9 Cat. No. 935 075
Test kit for determination of the pH value
Range and gradation:
pH 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5
8.0 8.5 9.0
Kit contents: sufficient for 200 tests
Shelf life: at least 3 years
VISOCOLOR® ECO pH 4.0 – 9.0 Cat. No. 931 066
Test kit for determination of the pH value
Range and gradation:
pH 4.0 5.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0
Kit contents: sufficient for 400 tests
Shelf life: at least 3 years

MN 49
 ®
test kits for water analysis

Description of individual parameters and tests

Larger amounts of oxidising compounds inhibit the formation of
the blue colour complex and have to be destroyed prior to the
test. H2S interferes in concentrations above 2 mg/l, but can be
expelled after acidification of the water sample. Heavy metals
in excess of 10 mg/l can slightly decrease the colour intensity,
vanadium causes an increase in colour. Silicate ions above 20
mg/l interfere. Arsenates react like phosphates. Citrate,
oxalate, tartrate etc. reduce the sensitivity of the phosphate
test
The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
VISOCOLOR® alpha Phosphate Cat. No. 935 079
Test kit for the determination of phosphate
Range and gradation:
2 5 10 15 20 mg/l PO43–
Kit contents: sufficient for 70 tests
NEW!
Shelf life: 2 years
VISOCOLOR® ECO Phosphate Cat. No. 931 084
Test kit for the determination of phosphate
Range and gradation:
0 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 1 2 3 5 mg/l PO4-P
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests
Shelf life: at least 3 years
VISOCOLOR® Phosphate Cat. No. 914 023
Test kit for the determination of phosphate
Range and gradation:
VISOCOLOR® pH 4.0 – 10.0 Cat. No. 914 022 2 4 7 10 15 25 mg/l PO43–
Test kit for determination of the pH value Kit contents: sufficient for 60 tests
Range and gradation: Shelf life: at least 3 years
pH 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 10.0
Kit contents: sufficient for 500 tests
Shelf life: at least 3 years

VISOCOLOR® HE pH 4.0 – 10.0 Cat. No. 920 074

High sensitivity test kit for the determination of the pH
value in unbuffered systems
Range and gradation:
pH 4.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 10.0
Kit contents: sufficient for 500 tests
Shelf life: at least 2 years

PO4
Phosphate
The phosphate content in a surface water has direct conse- VISOCOLOR® Phosphate (DEV) Cat. No. 914 037
quences for its ability to support the growth of certain organisms.
Test kit for the determination of phosphate
Since ever increasing quantities of phosphates are being fed
through domestic waste waters into rivers and lakes, these wa- Range and gradation:
ters have a tendency towards eutrophication. Exact data about 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.7 1.0 1.5 mg/l P
the phosphate content are important for boiler water and feed Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests
water. Precise dosing of phosphates in these waters can inhibit Shelf life: at least 2 years
formation of boiler scale. Pyro-, meta- and polyphosphates are
not determined with VISOCOLOR® test kits. The determination VISOCOLOR® HE Phosphate Cat. No. 920 082
of total phosphate requires a decomposition prior to the test. High sensitivity test kit for the determination of phosphate
Reaction basis: Range and gradation:
Ammonium molybdate reacts with phosphate ions to form 0.0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 mg/l P
phosphomolybdic acid which is reduced to molybdenum blue.
The tests with the designation DEV use the same reagents as Kit contents: sufficient for 300 tests
the German Standard Methods. Shelf life: at least 2 years

50 MN
 ®
test kits for water analysis

Description of individual parameters and tests

VISOCOLOR® HE Phosphate (DEV) Cat. No. 920 080

High sensitivity test kit for the determination of phosphate
Si
Range and gradation: Silica / silicon
0.0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 mg/l P
Natural water contains silica in different amounts, depending
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests on the geological conditions the water encounters during its
Shelf life: at least 2 years course. The silica occurs partly as soluble silicate, partly col-
loidal as polysilicic acids. The silica content in water for medi-
um and high pressure boilers may not exceed certain limits;
K in power plants therefore constant measurement of the silica
Potassium content is required.
The natural potassium content in ground water is generally about 1 – 2 Reaction basis:
mg/l K. Higher values may indicate faecal contaminations, but can also In acidic solution soluble silica or silicates react with ammoni-
originate from potassium fertilisers. For the growth of plants and ani- um molybdate to form yellow silicomolybdic acid, which is re-
mals potassium is an essential factor. Especially in agriculture the de- duced to silico-molybdenum blue with a reducing agent.
termination of potassium therefore gains increasing importance. Phosphates interfere only in high concentrations.
Reaction basis: The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
Potassium reacts with sodium tetraphenylborate to form a
precipitate. Under defined conditions this turbidity can be
used for concentration measurements. VISOCOLOR® Silica Cat. No. 914 024
Turbidities interfere and have to be filtered prior to the test. Good Test kit for the determination of silica / silicon
reproducibility is obtained for drinking, surface and ground water.
For polluted waste waters low potassium values are measured. Range and gradation:
0.2 0.5 1.0 2.0 3.0 5.0 mg/l SiO2
The method can be used for the analysis of sea water after
dilution (1:10). Kit contents: sufficient for 80 tests
Shelf life: at least 3 years
VISOCOLOR® Potassium Cat. No. 914 044
Test kit for the determination of potassium
Range and gradation: VISOCOLOR® HE Silicon Cat. No. 920 087
2 3 4 6 8 10 15 mg/l K+ High sensitivity test kit for the determination of silica / sil-
Kit contents: sufficient for 60 tests icon
Shelf life: at least 3 years Range and gradation:
0.0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.30 mg/l Si
Kit contents: sufficient for 70 tests
°d Shelf life: at least 2 years
Residual hardness
see Hardness (total)

MN 51
 ®
test kits for water analysis

Description of individual parameters and tests

Na S2–
Sodium Sulphide
About 2.43% of the uppermost crust of the earth, with a thick- In water sulphides can be present as dissolved hydrogen sul-
ness of 16 km, consist of chemically bonded sodium; this is phide or as hydrosulphide or sulphide ions.
place 6 in the frequency list of elements. In rocks and miner- Reaction basis:
als it is mostly present as silicate (e.g. soda feldspar or albite) N,N-Dimethyl-1,4-phenylene diamine reacts with hydrogen
and as sodium chloride (rocksalt), but also as carbonate, ni- sulphide to form an unstable compound which rearranges to
trate (especially chile salpeter) and cryolite as well as in many leucomethylene blue. Oxidation with iron(III) ions yields meth-
other minerals. Each ton of sea water contains an average of ylene blue.
27 kg common salt (10.6 kg sodium), this is 77% of all salts
present in sea water. Under the assumption, that in natural Thiocyanate and nitrite above 5 mg/l cause low results.
waters beside sodium mainly calcium and magnesium can The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
occur as cations, it is easily possible to determine the sodium
content using VISOCOLOR® titration test kits. Please ask for VISOCOLOR® Sulphide Cat. No. 914 033
the respective special instructions. Test kit for the determination of sulphide
Range and gradation:
0.05 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.7 1.0 mg/l S2–
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests
SO4
Sulphate Shelf life: at least 3 years
The determination of sulphate ions is of special importance to
evaluate the aggressiveness of a water towards concrete.
Sulphate, a component of natural water, is formed in many
manufacturing processes and is found in waste waters even SO3
after neutralisation. Sulphite
Reaction basis: Sulphite ions are not present in natural unpolluted waters, how-
Sulphate reacts with barium ions forming a precipitate of bar- ever they often appear in large quantities in industrial waste
ium sulphate. Under defined conditions this turbidity can be waters (e. g. paper mills, dye works).
used for concentration measurements. Reaction basis:
Turbidities of the sample interfere and have to be filtered. Titrimetric determination with addition of iodine solution and
Good reproducibility is obtained for drinking, surface and reverse titration of unused iodine with sodium thiosulphate
ground water. For polluted waste waters low concentrations Larger concentrations of sulphide and nitrite ions interfere.
are measured.
The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.
The method can be used for the analysis of sea water.

VISOCOLOR® Sulphate Cat. No. 914 035 VISOCOLOR® Sulphite SU 100 Cat. No. 915 008
Test kit for the determination of sulphate Test kit for the determination of sulphite, hydrogen sul-
Range and gradation: phite and sulphurous acid
25 30 35 40 50 60 70 80 100 120 150 200 mg/l SO42– Range and gradation: 1 syringe is sufficient for 2 – 100 mg/l
Application of the test kit for concentrations up to 4000 mg/l SO32–. 1 gradation mark = 2 mg/l
SO42– is described in detail in the instructions for use. Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests with an average sulphite
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests content of 100 mg/l SO32–
Shelf life: at least 3 years Shelf life: at least 18 months
For determination of dithionite (hydrosulphite) please ask for
our special instructions.

Cl2 pH
Swimming pool
Chlorination of water in swimming pools with chlorine or chlo-
rine compounds takes place within certain limits. One distin-
guishes between free chlorine and bound chlorine
(chloroamines); the sum of both is called total chlorine. The
content of free chlorine should be between 0.3 and 0.6 mg/l.
Chlorination alters the pH value of the swimming pool water.
The ideal pH value is pH 7.4. This prevents formation of mal-
odorous pollutants and irritants to the mucus membrane, and
prevents damage to the water treatment system.

52 MN
 ®
test kits for water analysis

Description of individual parameters and tests

Reaction basis:
Free chlorine reacts with N,N-diethyl-1,4-phenylene diamine
(DPD) to form a red-violet dye. The pH value is determined Zn
with phenol red as indicator. Zinc
The method can be used for the analysis of sea water. Zinc is one of the most often used metals for surface finishing.
For test kits for the determination of chlorine alone see Its content in waste water from e. g. electroplating companies
VISOCOLOR® Chlorine has to be regularly checked.
Reaction basis:
At a pH of 8.5 – 9.5 zinc ions react with zincon to form a blue
VISOCOLOR® ECO Swimming pool Cat. No. 931 090 colour complex. Acidic, alkaline and buffered samples have
Test kit for the determination of free chlorine and pH to be adjusted to pH 9 for the test. The following ions do not
interfere: < 25 mg/l Cu, Cr (III, VI); < 10 mg/l Co, Ni, Fe, Al,
Range and gradation: Ag, Hg; < 1 mg/l Cd; < 0.2 mg/l Mn
Chlorine: 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.9 1.2 2.0 mg/l Cl2
pH: 6.9 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.8 8.2 VISOCOLOR® Zinc Cat. No. 914 041
Kit contents: sufficient for 150 tests each Test kit for the determination of zinc
Shelf life: at least 18 months CAUTION: test kit contains very toxic reagents!
Range and gradation:
0 0.25 0.5 1.0 2.0 3.0 mg/l Zn2+
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests
Shelf life: at least 1 year

VISOCOLOR® Swimming pool Cat. No. 914 230

Refill pack for the determination of chlorine and pH
After addition of iodide ions the total chlorine can be deter-
mined, too.
Range and gradation:
Chlorine: 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.3 2.0 mg/l Cl2
pH: 6.9 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.8 8.2
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests each
Shelf life: at least 18 months

VISOCOLOR® pH 6.5 – 8.2 Cat. No. 914 251

Refill pack for the reagent case ”Swimming pool”
reagents for determination of the pH value
Range: pH 6.5 – 8.2
Kit contents: sufficient for 100 tests
Shelf life: at least 18 months

MN 53
 ®
reagent cases

Combinations of several VISOCOLOR® test kits

Programme of VISOCOLOR® reagent cases

Type for the determination of Cat. No.
Reagent cases without photometer
Reagent case for soil phosphate, potassium, nitrogen (ammonium, nitrite and nitrate), pH, soil structure, 914 601
analysis incl. all requisite equipment and accessories
ECO reagent case ammonium, carbonate hardness, total hardness, nitrate, nitrite, pH, phosphate 931 001
Reagent case alkalinity, ammonium, total hardness, nitrite, pH, phosphate, oxygen, temperature 914 302
Reagent cases with the photometer PF-11
Reagent case ammonium, carbonate hardness, iron, total hardness, nitrate, nitrite, pH, phosphate, 914 304
”Environmental analysis” incl. photometer PF-11
Reagent case chlorine, chromate, cyanide, copper, nickel, sulphate, zinc, incl. photometer PF-11 914 400
”Electroplating industry”
Reagent case chlorine, pH, incl. photometer PF-11 914 502
”Swimming pool”
Reagent cases for individual combination of test kits (without test kits)
Reagent case for individual combination of 6 – 8 VISOCOLOR® test kits 914 307
ECO reagent case for individual combination of up to 7 VISOCOLOR® ECO test kits 931 100
Reagent case with PF-11 for individual combination of up to 8 VISOCOLOR® / VISOCOLOR® ECO test kits 914 309

NEW!

Soil analysis
For its many ecological functions a biologically active soil, VISOCOLOR® reagent case for soil analysis
which is extensively used for agriculture, has to be main- Cat. No. 914 601
tained and supported. The best, economically and ecological- The VISOCOLOR® reagent case for soil analysis contains all
ly most meaningful procedure is to first analyse the important reagents, instruments and accessories required for the prep-
parameters of the soil before planning measures such as fer- aration of soil extracts and the subsequent determination of
tilization, liming etc. ✓ phosphate (P) ✓ soil structure
The VISOCOLOR® reagent case for soil analysis has been ✓ potassium (K) ✓ pH
developed for the rapid, convenient and reliable determina- ✓ ammonium, nitrite, nitrate (N)
tion of the soil condition, even in the field.
The soil extracts are either prepared with Calcium-Acetate-
Lactate (CAL) solution (prior to the determination of P and K)
or with CaCl2 solution (prior to the determination of N and
pH).
If required by national regulations for soil analysis or because
of local geological conditions, the VISOCOLOR® reagent
case for soil analysis can also be used together with extrac-
tion solutions other than CaCl2 or CAL. Please consult in-
struction leaflets for possible interferences.
Reagents are sufficient for 110 CaCl2 extractions, 7 CAL ex-
tractions and 60 – 100 tests.
Shelf life of reagents: at least 18 months

As refills the following reagents can be used.

CaCl2 stock solution, for 300 soil samples 914 612
CAL stock solution, for 10 soil samples 914 614
VISOCOLOR® HE pH 4-10 920 174
VISOCOLOR® HE Phosphorus in soil 920 183
Pyrophosphate solution 914 611
VISOCOLOR® Potassium 914 244
QUANTOFIX® Ammonium 913 15
QUANTOFIX® Nitrate/Nitrite 913 13
pH-Fix 2 – 9 921 18
Folded filters MN 616 1/4, 18.5 cm 532 018
In addition to the reagent case, various VISOCOLOR® rea-
gents can also be used for soil analysis. Please request infor-
mation about suitable extraction solutions.

54 MN
 ®
reagent cases

Reagent cases for water analysis

Reagent cases with VISOCOLOR® test kits give fish breed- VISOCOLOR® reagent case Cat. No. 914 302
ers, anglers and other interested parties the possibility to car- This VISOCOLOR® reagent case contains the following test
ry out fast and simple analyses of the most important kits:
constituents which are important for evaluation of the water ✓ Alkalinity AL 7 (total) accuracy: 0.2 mmol/l or 0.5 °d
quality. No previous knowledge of chemistry is required for
proper performance of the tests.
✓ Ammonium (DEV) 0.2 – 10 mg/l NH4+
✓ Hardness H 20 F (total) accuracy: 0.1 mmol/l or 0.5 °d
The different VISOCOLOR® reagent cases contain a thermo- ✓ Nitrite 0.05 – 2.0 mg/l NO2–
formed lining which holds all requisite reagent, comparators,
and accessories. Colour coding of reagent bottles prevents
✓ Oxygen SA 10 accuracy: 0.2 mg/l O2
confusion of reagents. VISOCOLOR® ECO reagent bottles (oxygen deficit)
are identified by unambiguous symbols. Reagents are suffi- ✓ pH 4.0–10.0 pH 4.0 – 10.0
cient for at least 60 tests. ✓ Phosphate (DEV) 0.1 – 1.5 mg/l P
VISOCOLOR® test kits for reagent cases are intended for in- ✓ Temperature –10 to +60 °C
dividual combinations in a VISOCOLOR® reagent case. Refill Additionally the case can hold one VISOCOLOR® compara-
packs are meant for replacement of used reagents in the re- tor test kit (Cat. No. 914 5...).
agent cases. Shelf life of reagents: at least 18 months
The high sensitivity VISOCOLOR® HE test kits cannot be
placed in a VISOCOLOR® reagent case.
As refill for this VISOCOLOR® reagent case you can use the
VISOCOLOR® ECO reagent case Cat. No. 931 001 following test kits:
This VISOCOLOR® ECO reagent case contains the following Alkalinity AL 7 (total) 915 207 Oxygen SA 10 915 209
test kits: Ammonium (DEV) 914 238 pH 4.0 – 10.0 914 222
✓ Ammonium 0.2 – 3 mg/l NH4+ Hardness H 20 F (total) 915 205 Phosphate (DEV) 914 237
✓ Carbonate hardness 1 drop = 1 °d Nitrite 914 220
✓ total Hardness 1 drop = 1 °d
✓ Nitrate 4 – 120 mg/l NO3–
✓ Nitrite 0.02 – 0.5 mg/l NO2–
✓ pH pH 4.0 – 9.0
✓ Phosphate 0.2 – 5 mg/l P
Shelf life or reagents: at least 18 months
As refill for the VISOCOLOR® ECO reagent case you can use
the following test kits:
Ammonium 931 008 Nitrite 931 044
Carbonate hardness 931 014 pH 4.0 – 9.0 931 066
Hardness (total) 931 029 Phosphate 931 084
Nitrate 931 041

VISOCOLOR® reagent case without test kits

Cat. No. 914 307
This VISOCOLOR® reagent case allows the individual com-
bination of up to 9 test kits from the complete range of
VISOCOLOR® comparator and titration test kits; e.g. for ap-
plications in
boiler water conditioning cooling water conditioning
water treatment irrigation
beverage industries breweries
printing industries education
VISOCOLOR® ECO reagent case without test kits
Cat. No. 931 100 corrosion prevention surface finishing
construction industry aquaculture
This VISOCOLOR® ECO reagent case allows the individual
combination of up to 7 test kits from the VISOCOLOR® ECO and others
programme. To get your personal selection of specific test kits, please
contact us prior to ordering.

MN 55
 ®
reagent cases

Reagent cases for water analysis

VISOCOLOR® reagent cases with the photometer PF-11

Reagent cases with the photometer PF-11 give persons inter- In addition to the photometric measurement, all colorimetric
ested in water analysis the possibility to obtain very precise tests can also be evaluated with the large colour comparison
and meaningful analytical results for the evaluation of a water chart. Carbonate hardness (p/m alkalinity) and total hardness
sample in a short time using VISOCOLOR® test kits or are determined titrimetrically, pH only by visual colorimetry,
NANOCOLOR® tube tests. No previous knowledge of chem- i. e. not with the photometer.
istry is required for proper performance of the tests. Additionally, the photometer PF-11 can be used for the eval-
The different VISOCOLOR® reagent cases contain a thermo- uation of all other VISOCOLOR® comparator tests, for the
formed lining which holds the photometer PF-11, all requisite VISOCOLOR® ECO tests with colour comparator scale and
reagents and accessories. Colour coding of the reagent bot- for NANOCOLOR® tube tests.
tles prevents confusion of reagents. The reagents are suffi- As refill packs for the VISOCOLOR® reagent case ”Environ-
cient for at least 60 tests. mental analysis” you can use the following test kits:
In addition to the tests in the respective reagent case certain ➜ Ammonium (DEV) 914 238
other VISOCOLOR® tests or NANOCOLOR® tube tests can ➜ Carbonate hardness C 20 915 203
be used and evaluated directly. ➜ Iron (triazine) 914 239
VISOCOLOR® refill packs can be used to replace used rea- ➜ Hardness H 20 F (total) 915 205
gents in the reagent cases. ➜ Nitrate 50 914 245
The high sensitivity VISOCOLOR® HE test kits cannot be ➜ Nitrite 914 220
used in VISOCOLOR® reagent cases. ➜ pH 4.0–10.0 914 222
➜ Phosphate (DEV) 914 237

VISOCOLOR® reagent case ”Environmental analysis”

Cat. No. 914 304 VISOCOLOR® reagent case ”Electroplating industry”
Cat. No. 914 400
This VISOCOLOR® reagent case is intended for the ecologi-
This VISOCOLOR® reagent case is intended for the analysis
cal evaluation of very different types of water and contains the
of parameters which frequently occur in waste waters from
photometer PF-11 and the following VISOCOLOR® tests:
electroplating factories. It contains the photometer PF-11 and
✓ Ammonium (DEV) 0.2 – 10 mg/l NH4+
the following VISOCOLOR® tests:
✓ Carbonate hardness C 20 accuracy: 0.1 mmol/l or 0.5 °d ✓ Chlorine 0.10 – 2.00 mg/l Cl2
✓ Hardness H 20 F (total) accuracy: 0.1 mmol/l or 0.5 °d ✓ Chromate 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l CrO42–
✓ Iron (triazine) 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l Fe ✓ Copper 0.1 – 3.0 mg/l Cu2+
✓ Nitrate 50 1 – 50 mg/l NO3– ✓ Cyanide 0.05 – 1.0 mg/l CN–
✓ Nitrite 0.05 – 2.0 mg/l NO2– ✓ Nickel 0.2 – 10.0 mg/l Ni2+
✓ pH 4.0–10.0 pH 4.0 – 10.0 ✓ Sulphate 20 – 200 mg/l SO42–
✓ Phosphate (DEV) 0.1 – 1.5 mg/l P ✓ Zinc 0.2 – 3.0 mg/l Zn2+
Reagents are sufficient for 60 – 120 tests. Reagents are sufficient for 60 – 120 tests.
Shelf life of reagents: at least 18 months Shelf life of reagents: at least 1 year

56 MN
 ®
reagent cases

Reagent cases for water analysis

As refill packs for the VISOCOLOR® reagent case ”Electro- Additionally the following important parameters for swimming
plating industry” you can use the following tests: pools can be evaluated with the photometer PF-11 included
➜ Chlorine 914 232 in this case:
➜ Chromate 914 211 Ammonium (ECO) 0.1 – 1.5 mg/l NH4+
➜ Copper 914 234 Ammonium (DEV) 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l NH4+
➜ Cyanide 914 242 Ammonium 3 0.05 – 3.00 mg/l NH4+
➜ Nickel 914 219 Carbonate hardness 1.0 – 15.0 °d
➜ Sulphate 914 235 Chloride 50 0.5 – 50 mg/l Cl–
➜ Zinc 914 241 Chloride 200 5 – 200 mg/l Cl–
Chlorine (ECO) 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l Cl2
Additionally other important parameters for electroplating in- Chlorine 2 0.05 – 2.50 mg/l Cl2
dustry can be evaluated with the photometer PF-11 included Chlorine dioxide 5 0.2 – 5.0 mg/l ClO2
in this case, e. g. Cyanuric acid (ECO) 10 – 100 mg/l Cya
Ammonium (ECO) 0.1 – 1.5 mg/l NH4+ Nitrate 50 2 – 70 mg/l NO3–
Ammonium (DEV) 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l NH4+ Oxygen (ECO) 1 – 10 mg/l O2
AOX 3 0.01 – 3.0 mg/l AOX Oxygen 12 0.5 – 12.0 mg/l O2
Lead 5 0.1 – 5,0 mg/l Pb2+ Ozone 2 0.05 – 2.00 mg/l O3
Cadmium 2 0.05 – 2.00 mg/l Cd2+ Peroxide 2 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l H2O2
Chlorine (ECO) 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l Cl2
Chromium(VI) (ECO) 0.02 – 0.50 mg/l Cr(VI)
total Chromium 0.1 – 4.0 mg/l Cr
COD 160 15 – 160 mg/l O2
COD 1500 100 – 1500 mg/l O2
org. Complexing agents 10 0.5 – 10.0 mg/l IBiC
Copper (ECO) 0.2 – 1.5 mg/l Cu2+
Fluoride 2 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l F–
Iron (ECO) 0.04 – 1.00 mg/l Fe
Iron (triazine) 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l Fe
Nickel (ECO) 0.1 – 1.5 mg/l Ni2+
pH 6.5–8.2 pH 6.5 – 8.2
Phosphate (DEV) 0.1 – 1.5 mg/l P
Sulphide 0.05 – 1.0 mg/l S2–
Turbidity 10 – 400 FAU

VISOCOLOR® reagent case ”Swimming pool”

Cat. No. 914 502
This VISOCOLOR® reagent case was developed for the anal-
ysis of swimming pool water and control of a sufficient poten-
tial for disinfection. Its advantages are the rapid procedure
and the direct display of results even under unfavourable light
conditions (e. g. in indoor swimming pools).
The VISOCOLOR® reagent case for the analysis of swim-
ming pool water contains the photometer PF-11 and the fol-
lowing VISOCOLOR® tests:
✓ Chlorine, free and total 0.10 – 2.00 mg/l Cl2
✓ pH pH 6.5 – 8.2 VISOCOLOR® reagent case with photometer PF-11,
Reagents are sufficient for 100 tests. without test kits Cat. No. 914 309
This VISOCOLOR® reagent case contains the photometer
Shelf life of reagents: at least18 months
PF-11 and allows the individual combination of up to
8 test kits from the VISOCOLOR® and VISOCOLOR®
As refill packs for the VISOCOLOR® reagent case ”Swim- ECO range for photometric and titrimetric evaluation,
ming pool” you can use the following tests: e.g. for applications in
boiler water conditioning NEW!
➜ Chlorine, free and total 914 232 cooling water conditioning
➜ pH 914 251
water treatment irrigation
beverage industries breweries
printing industries education
corrosion prevention surface finishing
construction industry aquaculture
and others
To get your personal selection of specific test kits, please
contact us prior to ordering.

MN 57
 Photometer for water analysis

Photometer PF-11

Portable photometer for field and laboratory use

The photometer PF-11 offers an easy start into photometric Technical specifications of the PF-11
water analysis. When evaluated with PF-11 our economically
priced VISOCOLOR® reagents, which have been successful- Type: Single beam filter photometer
ly used in our colorimetric test kits for years, give rapid and Optics: Filter wheel with 6 coloured glass filters,
accurate results, which are even more precise than visual manual wavelength adjustment
evaluation. Wavelengths 380/405/470/520/605/720 nm
If there is a need for more accurate results, a lower detection Light source: Tungsten lamp
limit, or if simply a large variety of test kits with different meas- Detector: Silicon photoelement
uring ranges is required, the use of NANOCOLOR® tube tests
Display: LC display 2 x 16 characters, 5 mm high
is the choice.
Operation: 3 foil-covered keys
Features of PF-11 are Measuring <2E
Portable multiparameter photometer range:
Field and laboratory use Stability: < 0.01 E/h
Interface: Serial RS 232
Battery and mains operable
Power 4 NC rechargeable batteries 1.2 V
More than 100 preprogrammed calibrations: supply: for at least 1000 measurements;
15 VISOCOLOR® ECO calibrations preinstalled plug for mains adaptor
25 VISOCOLOR® calibrations Dimensions: 195 x 100 x 40 mm
66 NANOCOLOR® calibrations Weight: 470 g incl. rechargeable batteries
Direct reading in mg/l
Extinction measurement
Cuvette slot for 16 mm round tubes
Easy use
Large display with clear user guidance in six languages
Photometric pH measurement
e
itabl
Interface for data transfer to a PC
s u
ow also ss and
N
h a rdne sts
for nity te
li
alka

Ordering information

Description Cat. No.

Photometer PF-11, complete in a case, incl. 919 05
manual, 4 rechargeable batteries, charger,
2 empty test tubes and funnel for sampling
External mains adaptor (100 – 240 V) 919 06
9 V / 1.5 A
GB plug for mains adaptor 919 [Link]
USA plug for mains adaptor 919 [Link]

58 MN
 Photometer for water analysis

Photometer PF-11

Test Range Cat. No.

VISOCOLOR® ECO test kits
Ammonium 0.1 – 1.2 mg/l NH4-N 0.1 – 1.5 mg/l NH4+ 931 208
Chloride 1 – 40 mg/l Cl– 931 218
Chlorine 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l Cl2 931 215
Chromium(VI) 0.02 – 0.50 mg/l Cr(VI) 0.04 – 1.00 mg/l CrO42– 931 220
Copper 0.2 – 1.5 mg/l Cu 931 237
Cyanide 0.01 – 0.20 mg/l CN– 931 222
Cyanuric acid 10 – 100 mg/l Cya 931 223
NEW!
Iron 0.04 – 1.00 mg/l Fe 931 226
Nickel 0.1 – 1.5 mg/l Ni2+ 931 240
r
Nitrate packs fo 4 – 27 mg/l NO3-N 4 – 120 mg/l NO3– 931 241
onomic refi®ll O
ec C 0.02 – 0.50 mg/l NO2–
Nitrite LOR E 0.01 – 0.15 mg/l NO2-N 931 244
Oxygen VISOCO 1 – 10 mg/l O2 931 288
Phosphate 0.2 – 5.0 mg/l PO4-P 0.6 – 15.0 mg/l PO43– 931 284
VISOCOLOR® comparator test kits
Ammonium (DEV) 0.1 – 1.6 mg/l NH4-N 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l NH4+ 914 238
Chlorine 0.10 – 2.00 mg/l Cl2 914 232
Chromate 0.1 – 1.0 mg/l Cr(VI) 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l CrO42– 914 211
Copper 0.1 – 3.0 mg/l Cu2+ 914 234
Cyanide 0.05 – 1.00 mg/l CN– 914 242
Iron (triazine) 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l Fe 914 239
Iron (DEV) 0.1 – 7.0 mg/l Fe 914 217
Manganese 0.1 – 4.0 mg/l Mn 914 218
Nickel 0.2 – 10.0 mg/l Ni2+ 914 219
Nitrate 50 0.2 – 9.0 mg/l NO3-N 1 – 40 mg/l NO3– 914 245
Nitrite 0.02 – 0.60 mg/l NO2-N 0.05 – 2.00 mg/l NO2– 914 220
Phosphate (DEV) 0.1 – 1.5 mg/l PO4-P 0.2 – 5.0 mg/l PO43– 914 237
Phosphate 0.6 – 8.0 mg/l PO4-P 2 – 25 mg/l PO43– 914 223
Potassium 2 – 15 mg/l K+ 914 244
Silica 0.1 – 2.5 mg/l Si 0.2 – 5.0 mg/l SiO2 914 224
Sulphate 20 – 200 mg/l SO42– 914 235
Sulphide 0.05 – 1.00 mg/l S2– 914 233
Zinc 0.2 – 3.0 mg/l Zn2+ 914 241
NANOCOLOR® tube tests
Extinction 0.010 – 2.500 E
Ammonium 3 0.04 – 2.30 mg/l NH4-N 0.05 – 3.00 mg/l NH4+ 918 03
Ammonium 10 0.2 – 8.0 mg/l NH4-N 0.2 – 10.0 mg/l NH4+ 918 04
Ammonium 50 1 – 40 mg/l NH4-N 1 – 50 mg/l NH4+ 918 04
Ammonium 200 30 – 160 mg/l NH4-N 40 – 200 mg/l NH4+ 985 006
AOX 3 0.01 – 3.0 mg/l AOX 985 007
BOD5 (biochem. oxygen demand) 2 – 3000 mg/l O2 985 822
BOD5-TT (biochem. oxygen demand) 2 – 3000 mg/l O2 985 825
Cadmium 2 0.10 – 2.00 mg/l Cd2+ 985 014
Carbonate hardness 15 NEW! 1.0 – 15.0 °d 0.4 – 5.4 mmol/l H+ 985 015
Chloride 50 0.5 – 50 mg/l Cl– 985 021
Chloride 200 5 – 200 mg/l Cl– 918 19
Chlorine/Ozone 2 0.05 – 2.50 mg/l Cl2 0.05 – 2.00 mg/l O3 918 17
Chlorine dioxide 5 0.2 – 5.0 mg/l ClO2 985 018
Chromate 5 0.03 – 1.80 mg/l Cr(VI) 0.1 – 4.0 mg/l CrO42– 985 024
total Chromium 0.1 – 4.0 mg/l Cr 918 253
COD 160 15 – 160 mg/l O2 918 26
COD 300 50 – 300 mg/l O2 918 33
COD 1500 100 – 1500 mg/l O2 918 29
COD 15000 1.0 – 15.0 g/l O2 918 28
Colour 10 – 500 mg/l Pt –
org. Complexing agents 10 0.5 – 10.0 mg/l lBiC 985 052

MN 59
 Photometer for water analysis

Photometer PF-11

Test Range Cat. No.

Copper 7 0.1 – 7.0 mg/l Cu2+ 985 054
Cyanide 08 0.01 – 0.80 mg/l CN– 985 031
DEHA 1 (diethylhydroxylamine) 0.05 – 1.00 mg/l DEHA 985 035
Ethanol 1000 0.10 – 1.0 g/l EtOH 0.013 – 0.13 Vol% EtOH 985 838
Fluoride 2 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l F– 985 040
Formaldehyde 8 NEW! 0.1 – 8.0 mg/l HCHO 985 041
Hardness 20 NEW! 1.0 – 20.0 °d 5 – 50 mg/l Mg2+ 985 043
0.2 – 3.6 mmol/l
HC 300 (hydrocarbons) 0.5 – 5.6 mg/l KW 30 – 300 mg/kg KW 985 057
Iron 3 0.1 – 3.0 mg/l Fe 985 037
Lead 5 0.1 – 5.0 mg/l Pb2+ 985 009
Manganese 10 NEW! 0.1 – 10.0 mg/l Mn 985 058
Methanol 15 0.2 – 15.0 mg/l MeOH 985 859
Nickel 7 0.1 – 7.0 mg/l Ni2+ 985 061
Nitrate 50 0.5 – 16.0 mg/l NO3-N 2 – 70 mg/l NO3– 918 64
Nitrite 2 0.01 – 0.45 mg/l NO2-N 0.03 – 1.50 mg/l NO2– 918 68
total Nitrogen 22 0.5 – 16.0 mg/l N 5 – 160 mg/l N 918 83
Oxygen 12 0.5 – 12.0 mg/l O2 985 082
Peroxide 2 0.1 – 2.0 mg/l H2O2 985 871
pH 6.5–8.2 6.5 – 8.2 pH 918 72
Phenolic index 5 0.2 – 5.0 mg/l 985 074
ortho- and total Phosphate 1 0.1 – 1.5 mg/l PO4-P 0.2 – 5.0 mg/l PO43– 918 76
ortho- and total Phosphate 5 0.2 – 5.0 mg/l PO4-P 0.5 – 15.0 mg/l PO43– 918 81
ortho- and total Phosphate 15 0.3 – 15.0 mg/l PO4-P 1.0 – 45.0 mg/l PO43– 918 80
ortho- and total Phosphate 50 10.0 – 50.0 mg/l PO4-P 30 – 150 mg/l PO43– 918 79
Potassium 50 2 – 50 mg/l K+ 985 045
Sulphate 200 10 – 200 mg/l SO42– 918 86
Sulphite 10 0.2 – 10.0 mg/l SO32– 985 089
Sulphite 100 5 – 100 mg/l SO32– 985 090
Thiocyanate 50 1.0 – 50.0 mg/l SCN– 985 091
Turbidity 10 – 400 FAU 2 – 70 1/ –
m
Zinc 4 0.1 – 4.0 mg/l Zn2+ 985 096

Photometer PF-11 complete

with all accessories

60 MN