Seventh-day Adventit Higher Secondary School,
132 f ing oad, Maninagar (eait), Ahmedabad-380008.
SUBJECT : CHEMISTRY
CLASS : VIII
UNIT 7
HYD OGEN
*OBJECTIVE EVALUATION :
A. CHOOSE THE CO ECT ANSWE :
1. Which of the following metals does not react with cold water?
a. potassium b. sodium
c. Magneiium d. calcium
2. Zinc reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to liberate
a. Hydrogen gai b. chlorine gas
c. water gas d. hydrogen and chlorine gas
3. What are the conditons under which hydrogen and nitrogen
combine to form ammonia?
a. Direct sunlight,normal atmospheric pressure
b. 450-500⁰ C, 200-900 atmoiphere preiiure
c. 1000⁰C, normal atmospheric pressure
d. passing electric current through the mixture
4. Which of the following cannot be used as a catalyst in the
hydrogenaton of vegetable oils?
[Link] b. platnum
c. Nickel d. Gold
5. Hygrogen gas prepared in the laboratory is collected by
a. upward displacement of air
b. downward displacement of air
c. downward diiplacement of water
d. none of these
6. Commercial zinc is used in the laboratory preparaton of hydrogen
gas since
i. the hydrogen obtained is pure
ii. impurites in zinc act as catalyst and speeds up thr reacton
iii. impurites in zinc prevent explosion
a. i only b. ii only
c. i and ii d. i and iii
7. Hydrogen is an essental consttuent of
a. acids b. sugar
c. starch d. all of theie
8. Which of the following metals does not react with water to liberate
Hydrogen?
a. lead b. sodium
c. potassium d. magnesium
9. Which of the following elements reacts with hydrogen to give
ammonia?
a. sulphur b. chlorine
c. nitrogen d. potassium
10. Which of the following gaseous mixtures combines with an
explosion when exposed to sunlight?
a. hydrogen and oxygen b. hydrogen and chlorine
c. hydrogen and nitrogen d. hydrogen and helium
11. While preparing ghee from edible oils, the gas used is
a. nitrogen b. oxygen
c. hydrogen d. helium
12. When dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc, the gas liberated is
a. hydrogen b. oxygen
c. nitrogen d. chlorine
13. Hydrogen is used in balloons because it is
a. heavier than air b. lighter than air
c. as heavy as air d. none of these
B. FILL IN THE BLANKS :
1. Hydrogen is the lightest of all elements.
2. Hydrogen burns with a blue fame and a pop sound is heard.
3. Actve metals react with hydrogen to form their corresponding
hydridei.
4. Hydrogen reacts with metallic oxides to form the corresponding
metal and water.
5. The process of additon of hydrogen to vegetable oils in the
presence of nickel at 200⁰C is called hydrogenaton.
6. Reducton is the removal of oxygen and additon of hydrogen .
7. The isotopes of hydrogen are protum, deuterium and tritum.
8. Water gas is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
C. COMPLETE AND BALANCE TH FOLLOWING EQUATIONS :
1. Zn+ 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂
2. K + H₂O →
2k + 2H₂O → 2KOH + H₂
3. H₂ + Cl₂ →
H₂ + Cl₂ → 2HCl
4. CuO + H₂ →
CuO + H₂ → Cu + H₂O
5. ZnO + H₂ →
ZnO + H₂ → Zn + H₂O
6. 2Al + 2H₂O + 2NaOH →
2Al + 2H₂O + 2NaOH → 2NaAlO₂ + 3H₂
7. C + H₂O →
C + H₂O → CO + H₂
D. NAME THE FOLLOWING :
1. Three metals which react with cold water to give hydrogen.
A. Sodium, potaiiium, calcium
2. One metal which liberates hydrogen only when steam is passed
through it.
A. Iron
3. The catalyst used for hydrogenaton of oils.
A. Platnum or palladium or niceel
4. A metallic oxide which can be reduced to the corresponding metal
by hydrogen.
A. CuO or PbO or ZnO
5. One non-metal which is included in the actvity series.
A. Hydrogen
6. One metal which can liberate hydrogen from dilute nitric acid.
A. Magneiium or Manganeie
E. MATCH THE FOLLOWING : (DI ECT ANSWE S)
1. A chemical reacton involving --- Redox reacton
oxidaton and reducton simultaneously
[Link] process in which vanaspat ghee --- Hydrogenaton
is prepared from vegetable oil
3. A metal which reacts with hydrogen --- Sodium
gas to form a metallic hydride
4. A metal which reacts with boiling --- Magnesium
Water to liberate hydrogen
5. The lightest known gas --- Hydrogen
SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION :
F. ANSWE THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS :
1. Briefl describee the manufacture of hldrogen bel Bosch process.
Ans. Hydrogen gas is manufactured by Bosch process. Bosch
process consists of the following steps.
STEP I : Producton of water gas.
C + H₂O → CO + H₂ - Heat
Water gas
STEP II : Reducton of steam to hydrogen by carbon monoxide .
(CO+H₂) + H₂O → CO₂ + 2H₂ + Heat
STEP III: Separaton of CO₂.
2KOH + CO₂ → K₂CO₃ + H₂O
STEP IV: Separaton of unreacted carbon monoxide.
CuCl + CO + 2H₂O → [Link].2H₂O
Thus hydrogen gas is lef behind.
2. Briefl describee the labeoratorl preparaton of hldrogen. Draw
a neat labeelled diagram. Give bealanced equaton for the
reacton. How is hldrogen gas collected!
Ans.
AIM : To prepare hydrogen gas in laboratory.
APPA ATUS EQUI ED : Round botom fask, thistle funnel,
delivery tube, beehive shelf, trough, gas jar.
CHEMICALS EQUI ED: Granulated zinc, dilute
hydrochloric acid.
P OCEDU E : Take a few pieces of granulated zinc in a
round botom fask. Now pour some dilute hydrochloric acid
through the thistle funnel. A brisk efervescence takes place.
This indicates the liberaton of hydrogen gas. Allow the frst few
bubbles of the gas to escape since it contains air from the fask
mixed with it. Now invert a gas jar completely flled with water
over the beehive shelf. Hydrogen displaces water and gets
collected in the gas jar. This method of collectng the gas is said
to be by the downward displacement of water.
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂↑
(Draw fig. 7.1, page no. 92 of textbooe)
3. Write two equatons to show that hldrogen acts as a
reducing agent.
Ans. When hydrogen gas is passed through red hot metallic
oxides like copper oxide, lead oxide and zinc oxide, it removes
oxygen from the metallic oxides and reduces them to the
corresponding metals.
CuO + H₂ → Cu + H₂O
ZnO + H₂ → Zn + H₂O
4. Write two tests for hldrogen gas.
Ans.
1) Pure hydrogen is a colourless gas which is neutral to litmus.
2) Pure hydrogen gas burns silently with a blue fame.
5. Under what conditons do nitrogen and hldrogen react
together to form ammonia! Write bealanced chemical
equaton for the same.
Ans. When hydrogen gas reacts with nitrogen gas in the rato
1:3 by volume in presence of iron catalyst at 450-500⁰C and at
200-900 atmospheric pressure, ammonia is formed. This
process is known as Haber’s Process.
N₂ + 3H₂ ⇋ 2NH₃↑
6. State four uses of hldrogen.
Ans. Four uses of hydrogen are :
1. For the hydrogenaton of coal
2. As a fuel
3. In the extracton of metals
4. In welding and cutng of metals
7. How can lou show that hldrogen is
a. LIGHTER THAN AIR!
be. NON-SUPPORTER OF COMBUSTION!
Ans.
a. LIGHTE THAN AI : To show that hydrogen gas is lighter than
air.
(Draw fig. 7.3, page no.94 from textbooe)
Collect some hydrogen gas in a jar. As the gas is insoluble in
water, it can be collected by the downward displacement of
water. Mark this jar as ‘A’. Place another jar marked ‘B’ mouth
to mouth with jar ‘A’ and quickly invert their positons holding
them in tght contact. Afer few seconds remove jar ‘B’ and
bring lighted matchstck near its mouth. It extnguishes with a
pop sound. This indicates that hydrogen has now moved
upward to jar ’B’ from jar ‘A’.
b. NON-SUPPO TE OF COMBUSTION:
(Draw fig.7.4, page no.94 from textbooe)
Take a gas jar flled with hydrogen gas. Introduce a burning
paper in it. You will see that the gas in the jar burns and the
paper extnguishes. This shows that hydrogen is combustble,
but it does not support combuston.
8. Whl is hldrogen not used as a fuel!
Ans. Hydrogen is not used as a fuel because it is highly
combustble, even a small contact with a burning agent may
cause a blast.
9. Give reason whl:
a. K, Na and Ca are not used for the labeoratorl preparaton of
hldrogen.
Ans. Sodium and potassium catch fre instantly. Calcium is very
expensive.
be. Commercial zinc is used for the labeoratorl preparaton of
hldrogen.
Ans. It contains impurites like copper which have a slight
catalytc efect on the reacton and speeds up the reacton.
c. Dilute nitric acid is not used for the labeoratorl preparaton
of hldrogen.
Ans. Dilute nitric acid is not used for the preparaton of
hydrogen as it is a very strong oxidising agent. The liberated
hydrogen is oxidised to produce water and oxides of nitrogen
are liberated.
d. Lead does not libeerate hldrogen from dilute acids.
Ans. As the salts thus produced form an insoluble coatng over
the metal surface preventng further reacton.
10. What are amphoteric metals! Give two examples.
Ans. Metals like zinc, aluminium and lead are amphoteric in
nature i.e. they react both with acids and alkalis to liberate
hydrogen gas.
EXT A NOTES:
STATE T UE O FALSE :
1. Hydrogen is the lightest of all elements. (T UE)
2. Hydrogen is a poisonous gas. (FALSE)
3. Hydrogen is very slightly soluble in water. (T UE)
4. A promoter is a substance which decreases the efciency of a
catalyst. (FALSE)
5. The substance which help in reducton is called an oxidizing
agent.(FALSE)
6. Pure hydrogen gas burns silently with a blue fame. (T UE)
MATCH THE FOLLOWING :(DI ECT ANSWE )
1. Potassium --- very actve metal
2. Zinc --- amphoteric metal
3. Water gas --- carbon monoxide and hydrogen
4. Haber’s process --- Ammonia
5. Oxyhydrogen fame --- welding and cutng of metals