2-|
Delhi Public School
Bilaspur
WRITE-UP FOR THE EXPERIMENT
SUBJECT-PHYSICS
CLASS-XI
Please follow the instructions provided to maintain the physics, practical file.
> Procedure, observation and precaution must be written in passive voice.
> Diagrams to be drawn at the left hand side híte page ofhe write up.
> Diagram should be neat and clean.
> Practical copy to be maintained neat and clean.
Please write the folowiag in your plactical file
EXPERIMENT D2
Aim
To measure diameter of a given wire andthËckress of a given sheet by using screw gauge.
Apparatus/ Material Required
Wire, irregular lamina and screw gauge.
Principle
The linear distance moved by the screw is directly proportional to the rotation given to it. The linear
distance moved by the screw when it is rotated by one division of the circular scale, is the least
distance that can be measured accurately by the instrumnent. It is called the least count of the
instrumnent.
pitch
Least count =
[Link] divislons on circular scale
For example for a screw gauge with a pitch of 1mm and 100 divisions on the circular scale. The least
count is
1 mm/100 =0.01 mm
smallest length one can measure with this screwW gauge.
This is the
The
and there are 50 divisions on the circular scale.
gauge, pitch is 0.5 mm rotations of the circular
In another type of screw gauge is 0.5 mm/50 =0,01 mm, Note that here two a least count
least count of this screw advance through a distance of 1 mm. Some screw gauges have
Scale make the screw to
therefore are called micrometer screw.
of 0.001 mm (i.e. 10 m) and
Main scaie
Circulet sCale
Stud Screw ul
Spindle SleEVE
Rolchet
Bosc Ire Holow
cyader
(TriTbO}
U-Frame
Observations and Calculations:
the linear scale = 1 mm
The length of the smallest division on
through 1 complete rotation, = 1 mm
Distance moved by the screw when it is rotated
Pitch of the screw = 1/1 =1 mm
100
Number of divisions on the circular scale n=
pitch (1/100) mm 0.01 mm
least Count (L.C.) of screw guage == No of divisions on circular scale
0.1 mm = 0.1 mm (positive)
Zero error with sign (No. of div, x L. C.) = 10x
Measurement of the diameter of the wire
Serial
number Reading along one direction (d) Reading
along
direction (da) perpendicular
Linear
Scale
reading
M (mm)
1
1
2
1
4 1
5 1
1.52
Mean diameter = 1.522 mm
Mean corrected value of diameter = measured
diameter -(zero error with sign) = 1.522
0.1mm=1.422mm
Measurement of thickness of a given sheet
Serial Linear scale reading (M) Circular scale reading (n) Thickness =t = M+nx LC
number (mm)
2.1 18 2.28
2.1 16 2.26
2.1 17 2.27
4 2.1 17 2.27
2.1 18 2.28
Mean thickness of the given sheet = 2.272mm
Mean corrected thickness
sign) = 2.272-0.1 mm
of the given sheet =observed mean thickness - (zero error with
2.172 mm
Precaution:
1. Rachet arrangement in screw gauge must be utilised to avoid undue pressure on the wire as
this may
change the diameter.
2. Move the screw in one direction else the screw may develop "backlash error".
3. Screw should move freely without friction.
4. Reading should be taken at least at four different points along the length of the wire.
5. View all the reading keeping the eye perpendicular to the scale to avoid error due to parallax.