The TORs of the Committee are given below.
1) Review the mechanism of Purdue university and other relevant universities
regarding integration of certifications with degree programs and associated
benefits.
2) Obtain the list of certifications offered by FinTech.
3) Review the content of the certifications.
4) Recommendations for Pakistani students based on situation of Pakistani
universities.
1st Industrial Revolution
The First Industrial Revolution began in the 18th century through the use of steam
power and mechanisation of production. What before produced threads on simple
spinning wheels, the mechanised version achieved eight times the volume in the same
time. Steam power was already known. The use of it for industrial purposes was the
greatest breakthrough for increasing human productivity. Instead of weaving looms
powered by muscle, steam-engines could be used for power. Developments such as the
steamship or (some 100 years later) the steam-powered locomotive brought about
further massive changes because humans and goods could move great distances in
fewer hours.
2nd Industrial Revolution
The Second Industrial Revolution began in the 19th century through the discovery of
electricity and assembly line production. Henry Ford (1863-1947) took the idea of
mass production from a slaughterhouse in Chicago: The pigs hung from conveyor belts
and each butcher performed only a part of the task of butchering the animal. Henry
Ford carried over these principles into automobile production and drastically
altered it in the process. While before one station assembled an entire automobile,
now the vehicles were produced in partial steps on the conveyor belt -
significantly faster and at lower cost.
3rd Industrial Revolution
The Third Industrial Revolution began in the ’70s in the 20th century through
partial automation using memory-programmable controls and computers. Since the
introduction of these technologies, we are now able to automate an entire
production process - without human assistance. Known examples of this are robots
that perform programmed sequences without human intervention.
4th Industrial Revolution
We are currently implementing the Fourth Industrial Revolution. This is
characterised by the application of information and communication technologies to
industry and is also known as "Industry 4.0". It builds on the developments of the
Third Industrial Revolution. Production systems that already have computer
technology are expanded by a network connection and have a digital twin on the
Internet so to speak. These allow communication with other facilities and the
output of information about themselves. This is the next step in production
automation. The networking of all systems leads to "cyber-physical production
systems" and therefore smart factories, in which production systems, components and
people communicate via a network and production is nearly autonomous.
When these enablers come together, Industry 4.0 has the potential to deliver some
incredible advances in factory environments. Examples include machines which can
predict failures and trigger maintenance processes autonomously or self-organized
logistics which react to unexpected changes in production.
And it has the power to change the way that people work. Industry 4.0 can pull
individuals into smarter networks, with the potential of more efficient working.
The digitalization of the manufacturing environment allows for more flexible
methods of getting the right information to the right person at the right time. The
increasing use of digital devices inside factories and out in the field means
maintenance professionals can be provided with equipment documentation and service
history in a timelier manner, and at the point of use. Maintenance professionals
want to be solving problems, not wasting time trying to source the technical
information that they need.
In short, Industry 4.0 is a game-changer, across industrial settings. The
digitalization of manufacturing will change the way that goods are made and
distributed, and how products are serviced and refined. On that basis, it can truly
lay claim to represent the beginning of the fourth industrial revolution.