CHINESE GENERAL HOSPITAL COLLEGES
NSTP-CWTS 1
Module 10 – Gender Development
Definition of Terms:
• Gender – refers to the socially determined ideas and practices of what it is to be female
or male.
• Sex – refers to the biological characteristics that categorize someone as either female or
male.
• Gender Equality – refers to the principle asserting the equality of men and women and
their right to enjoy equal conditions, and with the State recognizing that all human beings
are free and equal in dignity and rights.
• Gender and Development (GAD) – refers to the development perspective and process
that are participatory and empowering, equitable, sustainable, free from violence,
respectful of human rights, supportive of self-determination and actualization of human
potentials. (RA 9710- Chapter 2, Section 4 Magna Carta of Women)
Common Issues that GAD Addresses:
• Gender discrimination – The systematic, unfavorable treatment of individuals on the basis
of their gender, which denies them rights, opportunities, or resources.
• Gender division of labor – The socially determined ideas and practices which define what
roles and activities are deemed appropriate for women and men.
• Gender violence – Any act or threat by men or male-dominated institutions that inflicts
physical, sexual, or psychological harm on women or girls because of their gender.
• Patriarchy – Systematic societal structures that institutionalize male physical, social, and
economic power over women.
Enabling Laws and Policies to Promote GAD:
• Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
(CEDAW)/International Bill of Rights of Women, 1979
• RA 7877: Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995
• RA 8353: Anti-Rape Law of 1997
• RA 9710: Magna Carta of Women, 2009
• RA 8972: Solo Parents’ Welfare Act of 2000
• RA 9262: Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act of 2004
• RA 10354: Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012
Gender Issues in Education:
• Rape, sexual harassment, and other forms of sexual abuse
• Verbal and physical abuse
• Students engaged in unsafe and risky sexual practices
• Increasing incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
• Unwanted early pregnancies
• Gender biases in curricular programs, reading materials, and pedagogical practices
• School policies, programs, and services to address gender issues
• Monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to track down cases of gender-based abuses
• Safety and security measures to eliminate physical and sexual crimes in campus
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Page 1 of 1 CGHC NSTP 101 Module 10 (Final Period)
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