Prayer
Attendance
Ice break(4 pics and 1 word)
Review of the past lesson
Title: Atoms, molecules and Ions
(Atomic theory, structure of atoms, atomic number, mass number and isotopes)
Atoms are the smallest building blocks of matter and make up everything around us. Every atom has a
center called a nucleus, which is made of particles called protons and neutrons. Electrons move in
electron shells around the nucleus. Atoms can bond to one another to form solids, liquids, or gases.
A molecule is the smallest unit of a substance that has all the properties of that substance. For instance,
a. water molecule is the smallest unit that is still water. A water molecule can be divided into tiny parts
called atoms.
ion is a particle like an atom that has lost or gained electrons. Because electrons are negative and
protons are positive, differing amounts create a charge. Oppositely charged ions attract just like a
magnet and form bonds.
Atomic Theory
Atomic theory is the scientific theory that matter is composed of particles called atoms.
The term "atom" comes from the Greek word atomos, which means "uncuttable". John Dalton applied
the term to the basic units of mass of the chemical elements under the mistaken belief that chemical
atoms are the fundamental particles in nature; it was another century before scientists realized that
Dalton's so-called atoms have an underlying structure of their own. Particles which are truly indivisible
are now referred to as "elementary particles".
Structure of Atom
electron orbit - the path of an electron around the nucleus of an atom.
The nucleus (plural, nuclei) is a positively charged region at the center of the atom. It consists of two
types of subatomic particles packed tightly together. The particles are protons, which have a positive
electric charge, and neutrons, which are neutral in electric charge.
A proton is a subatomic particle with a positive electric charge. Protons are found in the nucleus of every
atom. In fact, the number of protons in each atom is its atomic number.
The neutron is one of the three subatomic particles that make up an atom. It exists in the nucleus of the
atom alongside protons and makes up an atom's atomic mass with protons. While a proton is positively
charged and an electron is negatively charged, a neutron is neutral; it doesn't have a charge.
electrons the electron is a negatively charged particle that spins around the outside of the nucleus.
Electrons spin so fast around the nucleus, scientists can never be 100% sure where they are located, but
scientists can make estimates of where electrons should be
What is Atomic Number?
The total number of protons in the nucleus of an atom gives us the atomic number of that atom.
How to get atomic number
What is Mass Number?
The number of protons and neutrons combine to give us the mass number of an atom.
Assessment
What are isotopes?
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. They
share almost the same chemical properties, but differ in mass and therefore in physical properties.
Assessment
[Link] me at least three of sparts of atoms.
2. are the smallest building blocks of matter and make up everything around us?
3. is a particle like an atom that has lost or gained electrons