Work sheet of IC engine for 5th year
Exam date Saturday 23/11/2024 at 3:00 E.C
1. What are the causes of incomplete combustion?
2. A car magazine says that your car’s engine has more power when the ambient temperature is low. Do you agree?
3. When engine operating at high elevations, cars can lose power. Why?
4. The combustion in compression ignition engine is __________
5. Define what is combustion?
6. What is the difference between 'knock' in compression ignition and spark ignition engines? How can 'knock' be
eliminated in each case?
7. Air in an ideal Diesel cycle is compressed from 3 to 0.15 L, and then it expands during the constant pressure heat
addition process to 0.30 L. Under air standard conditions, the thermal efficiency of this cycle is
8. Consider a fuel that is burned with (a) 130 percent theoretical air and (b) 70 percent excess air. In which case is
the fuel burned with more air?
9. How does the thermal efficiency of an ideal Otto cycle change with the compression ratio of the engine and the
specific heat ratio of the working fluid?
10. An Otto cycle with air as the working fluid has a compression ratio of 8.2. Under cold-air-standard conditions,
the thermal efficiency of this cycle is
11. How is the rpm (revolutions per minute) of an actual four-stroke gasoline engine related to the number of
thermodynamic cycles? What would your answer be for a two-stroke engine?
12. What four processes make up the ideal Otto cycle and diesel cycles?
13. Show the ideal Diesel cycle and ideal Otto cycle by P-V and T-S diagrams.
14. In an engine working on ideal Otto cycle the temperature at the beginning and at the end of compression stroke
are 27℃ and 227 ℃ respectively. What will be the air standard efficiency of the engine?
15. A diesel engine has a compression ratio of 18 and cut of takes place at 5% of the stroke. What will be cut of ratio?
16. In an air standard Otto cycle the pressure ratio during compression is 15. What will be the compression ratio at
the ratio of specific heat is equal to 7/5?
17. Diesel engine can work on very lean air fuel ratio of the order of 30:1. A petrol engine can also work on such a
lean ratio provided__________________?
18. What are octane number and catane number of fuel?
19. In a test to determine the cetane number of a fuel, comparison was made with two reference fuels having cetane
numbers of 50 and 55. In the test the compression ratio was varied to give the same ignition delay. The
compression ratios for the reference fuels were 25.4 and 23.1 respectively. If the compression ratio for the test
fuel was 24.9, determine its cetane number.
20. What is a cycle? What is the difference between an ideal and actual cycle?
𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡 T4 −T1 T1 T4 1
21. Derive expressions of (Ƞt )otto = =1−[ ]=1− =1− =1−
𝑄𝑖𝑛 T3 −T2 T2 T3 𝑟𝑐(𝑘−1)
22. Consider a complete combustion process during which both the reactants and the products are maintained at the
same state. Combustion is achieved with (a) 100 percent theoretical air, (b) 200 percent theoretical air, and (c)
the chemically correct amount of pure oxygen. For which case will the amount of heat transfer be the highest?
Explain
23. If the compression ratio of an engine working on Otto cycle is increased from 5 to 7, the age increase in
efficiency will be
24. the knock in diesel engine occurs due to _______
25. If diesel is fed by mistake in the oil tank of a petrol engine, then engine will be