SAY NO TO PLASTIC BAGS

Glossary:
1) Drain: Cause the liquid in something to run.
2) Pavements: Paved path for pedestrians beside a road, footpath.
3) Discard: To get rid of useless unwanted things.
4) Scourge: A trouble or suffering.
5) Biodegradable: Capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other
living organisms.
6) Resistant: Opposed to, unaffected by.
7) Disaster: A sudden misfortune.
8) Mind-boggling: Overwhelming, unbelievable.
9) Grumble: Complain in a tempered way.
10) Clog: Block or become blocked.
11) Junk: Use less or worthless.
12) Overwhelm: Bury or drown plastic bags beneath a huge mass,
overpower with emotion with its existence.
13) Ape: Imitate

EXERCISES:
• Answer the following questions in two/ three sentences each:

1) What type of plastic material is found on the streets?

ANS. The plastic material found on streets are used plastic bags, empty
biscuit wrappers or even empty pan masala pouches, there are
discarded plastic packets and bottles, used packaging and numerous
packets with wasted food from the surrounding eateries.
2) How is plastic an environmental hazard?
ANS. The reason why plastic is an environmental hazard is because it is
one of the few modern chemical materials that is not biodegradable
Polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene are the composition
base in the manufacture of plastics. These synthetic polymers are easily
moulded into complex shapes and have high chemical resistance.
Because of these properties they are used to manufacture several
durable or disposable goods and for packaging materials.
However, plastic is resistant to biodegradation. A discarded plastic bottle
can remain in a landfill for millions of years.
 3) Compare the use of plastics by Indians, Europeans and
Americans?
ANS. The average human in India uses 3 kg of plastic per person per
year. That's far lower than the European who consumes 60 kg per year,
and the American who consumes 80 k, because we are so populous, the
amount of plastic consumed is mind-bogging and our disposal habits
make it a health hazard.

4) How are Goa and Ooty free from plastic use?

ANS. Both cities have a very strict ban on plastic. The local population
has enforced the ban, taking personal pride in keeping their cities and
market areas free from plastic. Buy fish from local fisherwoman in the
market in Goa and if you have not carried your own cloth bags, she will
wrap your fish or prawns in newspapers and thrust it in your hands. Ooty
has stylish-looking newspaper bags in which your tea, chocolates and
spices will be handed over.

5) What measures need to be taken to avoid the use of plastic bags?

ANS. We all need to take following measures to make our city free from
plastics. Some of them are:
1. Carry a shopping bag like we did in the old days or put a basket into
the dickey of your car into which you can fill a whole shopping cart.
2. Stop buying bottled water, instead buy a food grade plastic water
bottle and carry your own water.
3. Leave packaging behind in the shop, especially of large white goods,
so it can be recycled rather than carry it home.
4. If each of us cut back on our consumption of plastic responsibly, there
will be much less floating around the garbage dumps in the city.

• Answer the following questions in about 75-80 words each:

1) What is the disastrous effect of plastics on sea?

ANS. Disastrous effects on the sea include ocean acidification, coral
bleaching, overfishing, plastic pollution, industrial and oil spills, habitat
destruction, invasive species, sea level rise, dead zones, and loss of
biodiversity. These consequences of human activity and environmental
factors harm marine ecosystems, disrupt food chains, and threaten
coastal communities and economies, with far-reaching global
environmental impacts.
 2) How has plastic spoiled the land?
ANS. Plastic has severely polluted and spoiled land environments due to
its non-biodegradable nature. Improper disposal and littering lead to
plastic waste accumulating in soil and water bodies, affecting agriculture
and wildlife. Plastic pollution in landfills can also generate harmful
greenhouse gases when it degrades. The visual and environmental
degradation caused by plastic waste is a pressing concern,
necessitating better waste management and reduced plastic
consumption to mitigate these detrimental effects on the land.

• Vocabulary Building:
1. Write synonyms of the following words:
Hazard: Danger
Disaster: Misfortune, Calamity.
mind-boggling: Unbelievable, Astonishing.
Ban: Prohibit, Restrict.
Alarming: Concerning, Worrying.

2. Write antonyms of the following words:

Used X New
Waste X Save
Modern X Ancient
Strict X Lenient
Buy X Sell
 ROSES OF GRATITUDE
Glossary:
1) Serene: Peaceful, calm.
2) Tousle: Make (person's hair) untidy.
3) Ragged tattered: Old and torn.
4) Shield: Protect
5) Icicle: Hanging, tapering piece of ice formed when dripping water
freezes.
6) Gape: An open-mouthed stare.
7) Lilting: A gentle rhythm in tune.
8) Owe: To pay in return for something received.
9) Linger: Slow or reluctant to leave, spend a long time over.
10) Huddled: Curl one's body into small space.
11) Stride: Walk with long step.
12) Gulp: In large mouthful, swallow hastily.

EXERCISES:
• Answer the following questions in two or three sentences each:

1) How was Mrs. Kumar's look according to Ajay?

ANS. According to Ajay Mrs. Sheila Kumar was a tall, slender woman
whose face normally wore a serene smile.

2) Why pleasing Mrs. Kumar was the most important thing in Ajay's
life?
Ans. One day Mrs. Kumar had tousled Ajay’s hair in front of whole class
and told him that we knew the answer, all he had to do was simply think.
Ajay followed her advice thought hard and solved the problem from then
on, pleasing her was the most important thing in his life.

3) How did Ajay's teacher help him?

Ans. Ajay wore ragged shoes and worn-out tennis shoes. Therefore
Mrs. Kumar took Ajay into a shoe shop and purchased a pair of shoes
for him that fitted him perfectly. She also bought costly shirts and shots
for him.
 4) How did Ajay Prasad thank his teacher?
Ans. Yes, Ajay prasad could find a right moment to thank his teacher
by tracing her address in Dehradun. He went to her and thanked her
for all her help in school days. He expressed her gratitude towards her
by visiting her in person.

5) When does Ajay recall his teacher?

Ans. In early 1991, Ajay suffered a massive heart attack. Lying in a
hospital bed, he recalled his teacher of long ago.

6) How did Ajay contact Mrs. Kumar?

Ans. Ajay Prasad wrote to his old school. A few days later he got a letter
from Mrs. Kumar's son. His mother and father had retired fifteen years
ago and moved to Dehradun. He gave Ajay their telephone number.

• Answer the questions in about 75-80 words each:

1) Explain the importance of a teacher in a student's life.
Ans. Teachers play an important role in a student's life, serving as
guides and mentors. They provide essential education, instil discipline,
and inspire a love for learning. Teachers not only convey academic
subjects but also valuable life skills, values, and critical thinking abilities.
Their influence extends beyond the classroom, shaping students'
character and future prospects.

2) How did Ajay express his gratitude towards his teacher at the end?
Ans. In early 1991, Ajay suffered from a massive heart attack. This was
the time when he recalled his teacher Mrs Sheila Kumar After writing a
letter to his old school, he got her phone number from her son. Then he
called her and got her address. He went all the way to Dehradun to meet
her, right after forty years. He bought a bouquet of long- stemmed roses
and went to his teacher's residence. Mrs Kumar, his teacher, was in her
best sari, He presented the bouquet to Mrs Kumar they were trying to
catch up on forty years through their conversation. He said to her, "I
often thought about you, those shoes and the clothes." He also made
her realize how much he owed her for these things. The long-stemmed
roses were nothing but the 'Rose of Gratitude' spreading the fragrance of
gratitude everywhere in the mind of Ajay Prasad and his teacher.
• Vocabulary Building:

1) Prefix: Write five words beginning with the prefix - 'un'

Ans. Unhappy
Unfit
Uncover
Unfold
Unravel

2) Suffix: Write five words ending with the suffix - 'ly

Ans. Quickly
Happily
Carefully
Loudly
Softly
 INTERVIEW OF DR. APJ ABDUL KALAM
Glossary:
1) Vibrant: Full of activity or energy.
2) Octogenarian: Someone who is between 80 and 89 years old.
3) Infectious: That spreads quickly from one person to another
4) Free-wheeling: Act without constraint.
5) Access: Opportunity to reach.
6) Commitment: Dedication.
7) Encounter: To experience something, especially problems or
opposition.
8) Unemployable: Not having the skills or qualities needed to get a job
9) Integration: The combining of two or more things so that they work
together effectively.
10) Deadline: The date or time by which you have to do or complete a
given task.
11) Entrepreneurship: Someone who starts a new business or arranges
business deals in order to make money often in a way that involves
financial risks.
12) Persevere: To continue trying to do something in a very determined
way in spite of difficulties.
13) Mission: Something that you feel you must do because it is your
duty.
14) Transform: So completely change the appearance, form or character
of something or someone, especially in a way that improves it.

EXERCISES:
• Answer the following questions in two/three sentences each:
1) What is Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam's views on dreams?
Ans. According to Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, dreams are nothing but goals or
mission in life. We dream of those things which we want in our life.
Hence, we should convert our goals admission into success in spite of
problems in our life.
2) What does Dr. Kalam think about failures?
Ans. Dr. Kalam thinks about failures in a positive manner. He himself
faced many failures in life. He said that many successful people in the
world go through failure before they become successful.
3) How does Dr. Kalam explain the problem of unemployment of India's
Engineering graduates?
Ans. What India’s engineering graduates learned in the classroom; they
don't get the chance to apply in the industries immediately like students
of Canada. Therefore, sometimes they don't understand clearly how
their learning fits into a productive system. Sometimes students don’t
know system design, system integration, system management,
entrepreneurship skills. Therefore, they don't get the job easily.

4) Which incident taught Dr. Kalam the value of planning, teamwork and
time?
Ans. Kalam and his friend had to complete a workable project of
designing low — level (low attitude) attack fighter aircraft within six
months. If they were failed to do that his scholarship would be stopped.
They worked hard together day night Saturdays and Sundays; and
complete the project within time. This incident taught him the value of
planning, teamwork, and time.

5) What four qualities, according to Dr. Kalam, are important for success
in life?
Ans. According to Dr. Kalam, a clear aim in life, acquiring knowledge in
multiple ways, hard work with devotion and perseverance are four
qualities are important for success in life.

6) What is the advice of Dr. Kalam to the new generation?

Ans. As human beings the next generation should have great thoughts,
great aims and when thoughts get transformed into actions, performed
with perseverance and devotion success has to follow. This advice is
given by Dr. kalam to the new generation.

7) ) Why does Dr. Kalam stress on the importance of acquisition of

usable skills?
Ans. Dr. Kalam stresses on the importance of acquiring of usage of skills
because they are not taught in classrooms. According to him they have
to be acquired by training and efforts.

• Answer the following questions in about 75-80 words each:

1) How does the success story of Dr. Kalam inspire the new generation?
Ans. Abdul Kalam also known as a Missile Man. His life story is very
inspiring for new generation. Aval Pakir Jainalabdeen Abdul Kalam
commonly referred as A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. He was born in poor middle-
class family on October 15, 1931 in Rameshularam in Tamil Nadu. His
father Jainalabadeen was a boatman who earned very little due to which
they had to face utter hardship. He spent most of his childhood in
financial problems. He had seven brother and sisters.

His father and mother weren't educated but they wanted he should be
educated. As a child he was very hard worker. Kalam would get up at 4
am bath and then go for this maths class. After his morning class along
with his cousin Shamsuddin he went around the town distributing
newspaper. As the town had no electricity between 7 pm to 9 pm he
used to study in kerosene lamp. The flight of birds had fascinated him
since his childhood but it was years later, he realised that he wanted to
fly aircraft.

He is graduated from the St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli, Kalam

studies an Aeronautical Engineering in the Madras of Technology after
that he joined the Directorate of Technical Development and Production
of the Ministry of Defence. When he got admission in IIT he didn’t have
admission fees which was around 1000/-. He became shoeless but his
sister Zohara mortgaged her bangles and necklace and gave the money
to Kalam.

After finishing his education, he was involved in the development of

India's First indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV- III), he worked as
an aeronautical Engineering in DRDO and ISRO, he played important
role in India's Pokhran II nuclear test in 1998. He was the chief scientific
adviser to the prime minister and the secretary of Defence research and
development organisation from July 1992 to December 1999. Before
president he got various awards such as Padma-Bhushan in 1981,
Padma-Vibhushan in 1990 and the highest civilian award Bharat-Ratna
in 1997. Kalam rose to the highest pedestal of his career when he was
sworn in as the 11th President of India on July 25th 2002 at the age of
71. He is one of the famous Presidents of India who always talks about
young Indian. He has great affection towards kids.

2) Describe the qualities and achievements of a successful person that

you know
Ans. Aim is like a mission. Dr. Kalam, Kalpana Chawala had a clear aim
in her life. A successful acquires knowledge through a number of ways.
She worked very hard with devotion. Dedication towards work or mission
helped her to achieve success. Perseverance is another quality of
Kalpana Chawala. She had struggled a lot to become a successful
astronaut. She is synonymous for all these four qualities. A man can do
anything if the possesses all these qualities.
• Vocabulary Building:

1) Suffix: Write two words ending with suffixes words-

Ans. Ment – Management
Ness – Sadness
Ful – Wonderful

2) Prefix: Write two words beginning with prefix –

Ans. Dis – Dislike
Pre – Preview
Post – Postpone
 MAXIMUM ACHIEVEMENTS

Glossary:
1) Ingredient: A component part or element
2) Guilt: A feeling of having committed wrong.
3) Resentment: Bitterness.
4) Abundance: Plentifulness.
5) Radiant: Glowing brightly.
6) Integrate: Combined to form a whole.
7) Essence: The intrinsic nature of something.
8) Sour: Become less pleasant.
9) Harmonious: Free from conflict, in tune with somebody or something
10) Potential: Having the capacity to develop into something in future.

EXERCISES:
• Answer the following questions in two/three sentences each:

1) What should be the state of mind to experience happiness and

peace?
Ans. To experience happiness and peace of mind whenever you are free
from the destructive emotions of fear, anger, doubt, guilt. resentment and
worry. In the absence of negative emotions, you enjoy peace of mind
naturally effortlessly.

2) State the importance of laughter for a long-lasting relationship.

Ans. How much two people of a family, laugh together are a proof of
their healthy relationship. When a relationship is truly happy people
laugh a lot when they are together and when a relationship turns sour,
the very first thing gets disappear is the laughter.

3) What are the effects of 'greed for money’?

Ans. Most worry, stress, anxiety and lost peace of mind are caused by
money. Worries Unending want of money causes many health problems
such as stress and worry. One of the main causes of divorce is
arguments over money so be aware of this problem.
 4) State the seven keys to success.
Ans. The Seven keys of success are:
1. Peace of Mind
2. Health and energy
3. Loving relationships
4. Financial freedom
5. Worthy goals and ideals
6. Self-knowledge and self-awareness
7. Personal fulfilment

5) What is self-awareness?
Ans. Self-awareness means know who we are and why we think and
feel the way we do we need end bn to understand the forces and
influences that have shaped our character from earliest childhood we
need to know why we react and respond the way we do the people
situations.

6) State the steps to be taken to achieve a mature and integrated

personality?
Ans. Personal fulfilment is the step when you can learn how to achieve
and maintain a positive, optimistic and cheerful mental attitude under
almost all circumstances. You can learn how to develop a fully
integrated, fully functioning, fully mature personality.

• Answer the following questions in about 75-80 words each:

1) What is your aim in life? How have you planned to achieve it?
Ans. I am an engineering student, technocrat my aim in life is to become
a successful person in all walks of life personal as well as professional. It
is possible only if I get properly educated and guided throughout my
career as a student. I have set long mid and short terms goals my
immediate goal is to score good marks in each semester. My mid-term
goal is to get admitted in one of the reputed engineering colleges of
Maharashtra. Then long-term goal is to have high salaried job in a
multinational company, then using that knowledge. I will try to start my
own business. While setting Toying these goals I have given a thought to
all the seven keys mentioned in the article "Maximum Achievements"
which are related with happiness success. I have seen that there will be
peace of mind experienced me. Thought will strive for my financial
freedom it will never disturb my personal and professional life. Not only
this have my goals given me and my well-wishers a satisfaction that I
have done in my life.
 2) How can a person with a positive attitude contribute to society?
Ans. People with a positive attitude in life can contribute a lot to the
welfare of the society by making a difference in their work and way of
working. They can motivate and encourage the people to serve the
society. Such people keep the society happy by their positive thinking.
They can help the people to develop peace of mind in them. They are
always ready to help the needy people of the society.
Social reformers such as Anna Hazare inspire people to join are the
drive for social cause positive attitude of a person maintains healthy
relations amongst each other which is very necessary now a days to
stay away from stress. In this way a person with a positive attitude is
really an important asset to any society.

• Vocabulary Building:

➢ Collocations:
Make sentences using the following collocations:
1. Make a difference:
Ans. She wanted to make a difference in her community, so she
volunteered at the local shelter.

2. Make an effort:
Ans. Despite the challenges, he was determined to make an effort to
improve his grades.

3. Make money:
Ans. By starting a small business, he hoped to make money while
pursuing his passion.

4. Make a mess:
Ans. When he attempted to fix the plumbing, he accidentally made a
mess in the kitchen.
 BE REMARKABLE

Exercise:
• Give the contextual meanings of the following sample
words using the dictionary.

1) Scary: Frightening
2) Terrific: Extremely good, excellent, or fantastic.
3) Revealed: To make something known that was secret or unknown
before
4) Interviewees: A person who is questioned in an interview
5) Recruited: Ro find new people to join a company, an organization,
the armed forces, etc.
6) Turmoil: A state of great noise or confusion.
7) Composure: The state of being calm and having your feelings under
control
8) Vigorous: Vigorous describes something that is characterized by
strength, intensity, or robustness.
9) Victorious: Victorious means having achieved a victory or success in
a competition, battle, or endeavour.
10) Hurdle: Obstacle.

• Answer the following sample questions.

1) Write the meaning of the word:

Ans. Recruitment - The process of finding people to work for
company or become a new member of an organization.

2) Write the full form of the abbreviations: IQ, EQ, SO.

Ans. IQ - Intelligence Quotient
EQ - Emotional Intelligence Quotient
SQ - Situational Intelligence Quotient

3) Change into indirect speech:

Naren says, "Nurture the company of people whose presence, whose
comments, whose life style makes you believe you can be remarkable
 Ans. Naren advises nurturing the company of individuals whose
presence, comments, and lifestyle instil the belief that you can be
remarkable.

4) Change the voice:

When faced with difficult situations, you must carry 'Self-Belief.
Ans. In difficult situations, 'Self-Belief' must be carried by you.

• Answer the following in 4 to 6 sentences

1) State the importance of situational intelligence.

Ans. 1. To select a person on the basis of higher marks obtained by
candidate is not the correct way of selection.
2. Hence HR people realized their mistakes to recruit people only on
marks are no fair.
3. Besides IQ and EQ test for recruitment, HR people introduced SQ.
4. It stands for situational intelligence quotient. It is needed when
decisions must be taken on the spot.
5. In critical situations if you are not the decision maker, you don't
have enough data, you need to make your choice and take
decisions.
6. You must know how to calm down people in tragic situations, how
to establish positively able to rule with composure during huge
losses, identify and present solutions to problems.

2) Express the views of author about the scoring marks for the
career.
Ans. 1. According to author considering scoring marks for the
career is a misleading parameter.
2. Because only scoring better marks for career is not enough for
the world.
3. Students with good marks revealed the surprising truth that who
scored good marks are because of good memory rather than
intelligence.
4. In some cases, good score was just luck as what they studied
was asked in the exams
5. Very few students do studies properly and understanding the
matter thoroughly.
6. Candidates of such category are required by HR and the
member should be increased.
 3) State the realization of HR Department after selecting candidates
with good with marks.
Ans.1. After selecting candidates with good marks and offering
opportunities to get experience HR department found that most of them
were not qualified for work.
2. To recruit candidates merely on mark scoring was their mistake.
Candidates were able to remember but not to solve.
3. They were not emotionally stable and lacking decision-making skills in
critical situations
4. HR realised that they will not accept persons who are Panics, who
have fears, who are jealous and becomes angry fast. Such person can
never work as a Team Member nor can they give their 100% to their
work. Neither will they progress nor will the organization progress.

4) State the meaning of the word, 'Remarkable', according to author.

Ans. According to the author, 'Remarkable' does not mean only qualities
of a person that are to be noted or enlisted on the basis of mark scoring,
but remarkable is more than mark. A remarkable person means who is:
(a) Really exceptional (R+E)
(b) It includes abilities of (IQ, EQ and SQ) to complete the word.
(c) Have really exceptional marks for a great pedestal and be very Able
for take-off with abilities of IQ, EQ, and SQ. Be RE MARK ABLE. Live a
remarkable life.

5) List the qualities of emotionally stable people/describe the reaction

of emotionally
Ans. Qualities of emotionally stable people to stress and change are:
1. When there are emotional turmoil EQ comes in to picture.
2. Emotionally stable person is not panic, fearful about the outcome,
not jealous about team members as he knew the best results are
created due to great team work.
3. He is not angry at first sight always works as a TEAM player. They
give their hundred percent to their own works. The lead 'self-
progress' as well as 'organizational progress'.
4. The accept stress and change as an opportunity to further
progress.
5. They believe in 'self-belief' know how to calm down angry people.
Able to establish positivity in tense/tragic moments.
6. Able to rule with composure during huge losses.
7. Able to find out solutions and to make important well thought of
choices in critical situations.

6) State the reasons of introducing IQ, EQ and SQ test by HR

department.
Ans. At initial stages HRD made recruitments on good marks scoring
basis. But candidates selected from this category, later revealed that
most of them were not qualified for 'work'. No organization will recruit
the candidate who is panic, fearful, jealous, angry fast, never work as
a team player, cannot give their hundred percent to their own works.
Neither will they progress nor will the organisation progress. Hence
test like IQ, EQ, and SQ were introduced by HRD to recruit right
persons in organization, tested their calibres on the yard sticks of
Intelligent Quotient, Emotional Quotient and situational Intelligent
Quotient rather than recruiting candidates only on the basis of good
mark scoring.
 ARUNIMA SINHA

Exercise:
• Give the contextual meanings of the following sample
words using the dictionary.
1. Amputee - A person who has had an arm or a leg amputated
2. Paramilitary - Organized in the same way as, but not belonging to,
an official army
3. Resist - To try to stop something happening or to stop somebody
from doing something
4. Overpowered - To be too strong for somebody
5. Immensely - extremely; very much
6. Conquering - To take control of a country or city and its people by
force
7. Rigorous - Done very carefully and with great attention to detail
8. Full-fledged - Completely developed or established
9. Suffocate - To die because there is no air to breathe
10. Conquer - To take control of a country or city and its people.

• Answer the following sample questions.

1) Write the meaning of the word:
Ans. Expedition - a long journey for a special purpose

2) Write the meaning of the word:

Ans. Robber - A person who steals from a place or a person.

3) Name the academy started by Arunima and state its motto.

Ans. The academy started by Arunima is Shahid Chandrashekhar
Azad Viklang Khel Academy (Freedom Fighter Chandrashekhar Azad
Sports Academy for disabled children). The motto of this institute is to
provide the very best sports facility to handicap children, especially
the poor ones.

4) Name the awards won by Arunima Sinha.

Ans. In 2015, Arunima Sinha was awarded the Padma Shri, the 4th
highest civilian award in India.
 5) Express your views/ideas on: Positive thinking.
Ans. Positive thinking is like wearing a pair of bright glasses that help
you focus on the good in life. It's about being hopeful and looking for
solutions, even when things get tough. It can make you feel happier
and less stressed. Positive thinkers often find creative ways to solve
problems. However, it's important to be realistic too, so you don't
ignore real issues. Overall, positive thinking is a powerful tool that
can lead to personal growth and better relationships, making life
more enjoyable.

6) Express your views/ideas on: Reaction to criticism.

Ans. When you face criticism, it's essential to stay calm and not take
it personally. Listen carefully to the feedback, as it might offer
valuable insights. Don't let it upset you, as criticism is about actions,
not your worth. Use it as a chance to learn and grow. If you choose to
respond, do so respectfully and without arguing. Seek support from
friends or mentors if needed. Handling criticism is a skill that helps us
become better and more open-minded individuals.

7) Name the peaks climbed by Arunima Sinha.

Ans. The peaks climbed by Arunima Sinha are:
1. Mount Everest in Asia (May 2013)
2. Mount Kilimanjaro in Africa (May 2014)
3. Mount Elbrus in Europe (July 2014)
4. Mount Kosciuszko in Australia (April 2015)
5. Mount Aconcagua in South America (Dec 2015)
6. Mount Carstensz (July 2016)

8) Describe the preparations of Arunima Sinha for the Everest

Expedition.
Ans. Arunima Sinha has undergone rigorous training for 18 months to
prepare
herself for the Everest Expedition. She climbed various smaller peaks,
including Island Peak to prepare herself before conquering the Mount
Everest. Tata Steel Adventure Foundation offered her scholarship to
meet all her financial requirements so that she can fully focus on her
mountaineering task.
 9) Describe the accident of Arunima Sinha.
Ans. On the night of 11th April, 2011, while on her way to Delhi from
Lucknow from Padmavati Express train, she was attacked by a group of
local robbers. They tried to snatch her gold chain which was gifted by
her mother. She tried to resist them; she gave them a tough time. But,
being a lonely girl, she could not resist them for longer and eventually,
she was overpowered by them. Those inhuman guys threw her out of
the running train. Another train coming on the parallel track run over her
legs.

10) Narrate the experience of Arunima during Mount Everest

Expedition.
Ans. She started her expedition on 1st April, 2013 and reached the
summit of Mount Everest on 21st May 2013- exactly after 52 days.
When she entered the death zone- 3500 feet from the top of Mount
Everest- the most difficult terrain started. She saw dead bodies of
mountaineers scattered all around. A Bangladeshi mountaineer took his
last breath in front of my eyes whom she met not so long before. She
was frightened, but she kept on moving anyhow. She told herself that
neither she can go back from here nor she can die before reaching the
summit. Seeing her struggling immensely with the artificial leg, her
Sherpa kept on advising her to return. But she overturned his advice.
She told him that she just can't die before conquering this mountain.
Thereafter, he started motivating me for the rest of the expedition.
Once she reached the top, everything changed. It was something as if
she got a new lease of life despite of the fact that she literally ran out of
all the oxygen supply. She raised the Indian tricolour and placed some
pictures of her idol (Swami Vivekananda) next to it. Then, she took some
pictures and videos of herself to produce the visual proofs of her
achievement in case she didn't return alive.
Just after a few steps on the way back, my oxygen supply finished.
When she fell down suffocating for oxygen, she came across an extra
cylinder of oxygen from nowhere. Her Sherpa immediately latched it on
her and finally, we returned to the base.