MIDTERMS: PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
WEEK 7: VARIETIES AND REGISTERS OF SPOKEN AND ETHNOLECT – A lect spoken by a specific
WRITTEN LANGUAGE ethnic group. Also known as a minority
dialect, it is where they have their own variety
which they use as a marker of identity.
LANGUANGE VARIETIES
o Ex. African American Vernacular
English, London Jamaican, Aboriginal
“a specific set of linguistic items” or “human
English
speech patterns (sounds, words, grammatical features)
IDIOLECT – The language or languages spoken
which can be associated with some external factor
by each individual.
(geographical area or a social group) (Wardhaugh, 1986)
o Ex. If you are multilingual and can
speak in different registers and styles,
SPEECH VARIETIES your idiolect comprises several
languages, each with multiple
the concept of domain which is of importance
registers and styles.
as it signifies the class of situation within which
a certain speech variety is used
INDIGENIZED VARIETY – spoken mainly as
a domain is also referred to as ‘a social second languages in ex-colonies with
situation’ multilingual populations.
o Ex. Singlish (Singaporean English),
KINDS Indian-English, Filipino-English
DIALECT – A dialect is a regional or social PIDGIN
variety of a language distinguished by
pronunciation, grammar, and/or vocabulary. A new language which develops in situations
Came from Greek terms: where speakers of different languages need to
o "dia" – across/between communicate but don't share a common
o "legein" – speak language.
The vocabulary of a pidgin comes mainly from
REGISTER – is defined as the way a speaker one particular language (called the 'lexifier').
uses language differently in accordance to A blend of several different languages spoken
factors such as context, purpose, and audience by a multicultural population into one
of a situation. This could be based on word mutually understood language.
choice, tone, and body languge. The speakers create a mutual language using
words from the speakers' mother tongues and
JARGON – is a specialized language of a an extremely flexible, simplified grammar.
professional or occupational group that are
often meaningless to outsiders. Ex. CONYO
TYPES OF LECTS "Let's make tusok-tusok of the fish balls."
Let us pierce/get the fish balls using our sticks.
REGIONAL DIALECT – A variety of a language
spoken in a particular area/region of a country. "I'm so init na. Please make paypay naman me."
o Ex. Tagalog, Bicolano, Waray, Ilocano, I'm feeling hot. Please fan me.
Kapampangan
SOCIOLECT – A variety of language (or register) "You make hintay here while I make sundo my
used by a socioeconomic class, a profession, an kaibigan"
age group, or any other social group. You stay here while I fetch my friend.
o Ex. Slang, Beki Language, Iyengar and
Mudaliyar (Brahmin and non-Brahmin)
CREOLE CONSULTATIVE REGISTER – A standard form
of communications. Users engage in a two-
A mixture of multiple languages, but in this way, mutually accepted structure of
case, the new mixed language becomes the communication and is considered as a
native language for the majority of its speakers. professional discourse since it is respectful in
Vocabulary is extensively borrowed from other nature.
languages, but the grammar often shares few o Ex. student-teacher, lawyer-client,
traits with the languages that contributed doctor-patient, employer-employee
vocabulary. CASUAL REGISTER – This is informal language
Grammar and syntax are as fully developed as used by peers and friends. Slang, vulgarities
any other long-established tongue. and colloquialisms are normal.
Unlike a pidgin, however, a creole is not o Ex. DMs/PMs, chats, text messages,
restricted in use, and is like any other language blogs, talking with peers, chats and
in its full range of functions. GCs
INTIMATE REGISTER – This communications is
Ex. CHAVACANO private. It is reserved for close family
(Spanish-Based Philippine Creole) members or intimate people.
o Ex. significant others, spouses,
"Nuestro deseo un ciudad sin enfermedad" siblings, best friends
Our desire is a city free of illness.
WEEK 8:
"Oficina de Turismo Local" MULTIMODAL TEXT
City Tourism Office
MULTIMODAL
"No Te Vayas de Zamboanga"
Don't go to Zamboanga A dynamic convergence of two or more
communication modes within the same text. All modes
PIDGIN VS. CREOLE are attended to as part of meaning-making.
PIDGIN CREOLE MULTIMODAL TEXT
No native speaker Native speaker exist
Mixing of language Mixed language A multimodal text combines two or more
associated with cultural semiotic systems.
and often racial mixture o For example, a picture book, in which
Reduced grammar and Have parents who use the textual and visual elements are
vocabulary pidgin arranged on individual pages that
contribute to an overall set of bound
LANGUAGE REGISTER pages.
o A webpage, in which elements such
STATIC REGISTER – This style of as sound effects, oral language,
communications RARELY or NEVER changes. It written language, music and still or
is “frozen” in time and content. moving images are combined.
o Ex. pledge of allegiance, Bible verses, o Another is live performance, in which
laws, national anthems, Alma Mater gesture, music, and space are the
hymn main elements.
FORMAL REGISTER – This language is used in It can be delivered via different media or
formal settings and is one-way in nature. It technologies.
usually follows a commonly accepted format. It
is usually impersonal and formal.
o Ex. business letters, professional
emails, announcements, formal
speeches, thesis, police reports
5 SEMIOTIC SYSTEMS SOFTWARE FOR CREATING MESSAGES
WRITTEN OR LINGUISTIC MEANING – For When creating messages, it involves planning,
spoken and written language through the use collecting, analyzing, organizing, and writing
of vocabulary, generic structure and grammar. information.
AUDIO MEANING – For music, sound effects, PLANNING – is where the brainstorming and
noises, ambient noise, and silence, through use creating of the content happens. One can use
of volume, pitch and rhythm. softwares such as Xmind, iMindMap, Google
Calendar, etc.
VISUAL MEANING – For still and moving images COLLECTING OF DATA – is gathering facts or
through the use of color, saliency, page layouts, data needed for the message. It can be done
vectors, viewpoint, screen formats, visual through using online catalogues or search
symbols; shot framing, subject distance and engines such as Google and Mozilla Firefox.
angle; camera movement, subject movement. ANALYZING AND ORGANIZING – enables one
to organize and do an outline of his thoughts.
GESTURAL MEANING – For movement of body, An example of a tool to be used is Google
hands and eyes; facial expression, demeanors, Sheets or Microsoft Excel.
and body language, and use of rhythm, speed,
stillness and angles. SOFTWARE FOR WRITING DOCUMENTS
SPATIAL MEANING – For environmental and Software for writing documents help us in
architectural spaces and use of proximity, styles and templates. It refers to how we can format
direction, layout, position of and organization documents. As for revising and editing, these tools can
of objects in space. aid in polishing the document made.
WEEK 10: SOFTWARE FOR PRESENTING DOCUMENTS
TOOLS OF TECHNOLOGY (TOOLS FOR LEARNING)
After doing the previous processes, it is time
These days, the rapid advances of technology to present the documents made. In addition,
gave us various tools that we can use to communicate these materials can have graphics, design and
easily and effectively. However, such progress always sound elements.
comes with advantages and disadvantages. Examples of tools for these are: Microsoft
PowerPoint, PDF, HTML, and others.
Some of the advantages are: speed and
efficiency; vividness; plenty of resources; lots of tools for TECHNOLOGY BASED COMMUNICATION TOOLS
revising, editing, and formatting; and others to name a
few. EMAIL – It is said to be the cheapest way for a
business to use in communicating internally
On the other hand, some of its disadvantages and externally. Emails make communication
are: system failures; fatigue; information overload; effective and efficient in terms of sharing
difficulty of Information selection; blurring of official and information.
personal lines in lives etc.
TEXTING/SMS – SMS stands for short
TOOLS FOR ANALYSIS message service, it is a shortened
communication between people.
Analysis and simulation tools support o Since it has limitation in length, users
knowledge construction by allowing learners to often shorten words and phrases.
manipulate information and visualize information in
different ways. INSTANT MESSAGING – A platform where
1. Software for Creating Messages specific groups of people interact with each
2. Software for Writing Documents other and receive notifications. They have
3. Software for Presenting Documents shared topics or characteristics.
SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES – These are places
where informal approaches happen. It is where
different friends gather virtually.
DISCUSSION FORUMS – A public discussions
where people can converse about or exchange
different ideas, opinions, or topics about
anything.
TWEETING – Tweeting is done on Twitter when
one is allowed to broadcast very short
messages to people.
BLOG – Short for web logs, blogs are a good
way to share one' opinion, knowledge or idea
about anything and everything. However, in
terms of businesses, companies create blogs so
that customers could have easier access to
them. It is informal and quick.
VIDEO CONFERENCING – Face-to-face meeting
without having to be in one location. This is an
effective tool since it can incorporate physical
gestures and facial expressions.