Page 1-2: Introduction to Journalism
Introduction
Journalism means gathering, evaluating, creating, and presenting information and
news to the public. The purpose of journalism is to inform, make aware, and bring
out the views of different sections of society.
Importance
Journalism educates and empowers society. It keeps people aware of events and
helps them to take right decisions. The purpose of journalism is not only to give
news but also to create awareness in the society.
Scope
The scope of journalism extends to print media, electronic media, and digital
media. In today's time, every medium of journalism fulfills the needs of different
audiences and works to deliver information in a comprehensive manner.
Page 3-4: History of Journalism in India
Ancient period
India has had various means of exchanging information since ancient times.
Manuhaadi (making announcements), personal exchange of news etc. were
prevalent in ancient Indian society.
Colonial period
Modern journalism in India started in the 18th century. In 1780, Bengal Gazette
was the first newspaper of India. After this, during the Indian freedom struggle,
journalism played an important role in making the public aware.
Post independence
After 1947, journalism in India took a new direction. Television, radio, and print
media expanded, and later digital media emerged through the Internet. Today the
field of journalism has become very large and it reaches all sections of society.
Page 5-6: Types of Journalism
Print Journalism
Print media includes newspapers, magazines, and journals. Even today print
media is relevant due to its versatility and durability.
Electronic Journalism
Through electronic media such as TV and radio, news can be delivered quickly and
widely. It is an accessible and powerful medium.
Online Journalism
In the digital age, online journalism has gained a new momentum. Today people
can access news quickly through the internet and social media.
Investigative Journalism
This is the field of journalism in which in-depth research is done on a particular
issue. It is helpful in exposing corruption and injustice.
Yellow Journalism
It is a form of highly coloured reporting designed to impress readers but lacking
facts. It is against the basic principles of journalism.
Page 7-8: Role of media in society
Informing the public
The biggest function of media is to inform the public. This keeps people aware of
the events happening in society and the world.
Education
Awareness is spread in the society through journalism on issues such as health,
environment, education.
Public opinion formation
Media has a deep impact on the society and it influences people's opinion on
social issues.
Watchdog role
Journalism acts as a watchdog in the society. It helps in raising voice against the
corruption and injustice of the people in power.
Page 9-10: Ethics in Journalism
Honesty and Accuracy
Journalists should present facts without any distortion so that society gets a
correct idea of the truth.
Objectivity
Objectivity is important in journalism. Reporters should present facts without any
bias.
Transparency
Accountable journalism discloses the sources and publicly apologizes to correct
any mistakes.
Social Responsibility
The job of journalism is to promote peace, harmony, and public interest in
society, not to spread social conflict and misleading information.
Page 11-12: Challenges in Journalism
Fake News
Fake news has become a major problem today. It creates confusion in society and
has a negative impact on society.
Sensational reporting
Some news stories are exaggerated to attract attention. This can misinform the
public.
Political and business pressure
Journalists often face pressure from politicians or businesses that affects their
objectivity.
Safety of journalists
Journalists often face personal threats because of reporting on various issues,
especially in conflict zones.
Page 13-14: Impact of technology on journalism
Digital revolution
Technology has completely changed the delivery and access of news. Now people
can get information instantly through mobile or computer.
Social media
In today's era, social media platforms like Twitter and Facebook have become the
fastest medium of journalism.
Challenges
However, instant reporting sometimes increases the risk of spreading false news
without verification. This increases the risk of spreading misinformation in the
society.