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Mechanical Engineering Worksheet on Humidity

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15 views1 page

Mechanical Engineering Worksheet on Humidity

Uploaded by

Nathi
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Addis Ababa University

Addis Ababa Institute of Technology


School of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
Worksheet Two
Instructions: Attempt all questions.
1. Can the water vapor in air be treated as an ideal gas? Explain.
2. A tank contains 15 kg of dry air and 0.17 kg of water vapor at 30°C and 100 kPa total
pressure. Determine:
a. the specific humidity,
b. the relative humidity, and
c. the volume of the tank.
3. A 5-m × 5-m × 3-m room contains air at 25°C and 100 kPa at a relative humidity of 75
percent. Determine:
a. the partial pressure of dry air,
b. the specific humidity,
c. the enthalpy per unit mass of the dry air, and
d. the masses of the dry air and water vapor in the room.
4. The dry- and the wet-bulb temperatures of atmospheric air at 1 atm are measured with
a sling psychrometer and determined to be 25oC and 15oC, respectively. Determine:
a. the specific humidity,
b. the relative humidity, and
c. the enthalpy of the air.
5. Consider a room that contains air at 1 atm, 35oC, and 40 percent relative humidity. Using
the psychrometric chart, determine
a. the specific humidity,
b. the enthalpy,
c. the wet-bulb temperature,
d. the dew-point temperature, and
e. the specific volume of the air.
6. An air-conditioning system is to take in outdoor air at 10oC and 30 percent relative
humidity at a steady rate of 45 m3/min and to condition it to 25oC and 60 percent relative
humidity. The outdoor air is first heated to 22oC in the heating section and then
humidified by the injection of hot steam in the humidifying section. Assuming the entire
process takes place at a pressure of 100 kPa, determine:
a. the rate of heat supply in the heating section and
b. the mass flow rate of the steam required in the humidifying section.
7. Air enters a window air conditioner at 1 atm, 30oC, and 80 percent relative humidity at a
rate of 10 m3/min, and it leaves as saturated air at 14oC. Part of the moisture in the air
that condenses during the process is also removed at 14oC. Determine the rates of heat
and moisture removal from the air.

Common questions

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Specific humidity can be calculated using psychrometric relationships involving the differences between wet- and dry-bulb temperatures. Enthalpy is determined using the specific humidity and knowing air properties at the reference state, considering both sensible and latent heat .

To determine the specific humidity, calculate the mass of water vapor divided by the total mass of dry air. Relative humidity can be found by comparing the actual vapor pressure to the saturation vapor pressure at the same temperature. The vapor pressure can be derived from the total pressure and partial pressures using Dalton’s law .

Calculate the partial pressure of dry air by subtracting the partial pressure of water vapor from the total atmospheric pressure. The water vapor pressure can be deduced using the known temperature and relative humidity .

Calculate the heat supply rate by determining the enthalpy change needed to raise the air temperature to the set point. The mass flow rate of steam is determined by the water vapor addition needed to reach the desired humidity, considering steam as an energy carrier changing the air's specific humidity .

First, use the ideal gas law to find the number of moles of air in the room using total pressure and volume. From the specific humidity, determine the mass of water vapor and, subsequently, the mass of dry air by using the molar mass of air and water vapor .

Calculate the specific volume using the ideal gas law, which relates pressure, temperature, and specific volume. Adjust calculations for humidity effects where mass composition and moisture content alter volume due to the difference between individual gas weights .

Dew-point temperature can be found using the psychrometric chart, where you correlate the given specific humidity or relative humidity with the temperature scale to locate the dew-point. This temperature reflects when air will begin to condense moisture .

Wet-bulb temperature is found with a psychrometer or chart by aligning known temperature and relative humidity values, which correlate to a point where latent heat due to evaporative cooling equals ambient conditions .

Water vapor in air can be approximated as an ideal gas under conditions where the vapor pressure is low compared to the total pressure and the temperature is not near the condensation point. This assumption simplifies calculations by allowing the use of the ideal gas law to relate pressure, volume, and temperature, which are critical for solving air conditioning and humidity problems .

Determine the heat removal rate by finding the difference in enthalpy between inlet and outlet air. For moisture, calculate mass using specific humidity changes and the airflow rate. Heat removed includes both sensible and latent heat corresponding to temperature and moisture reduction .

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