Set 2

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

(1 mark each)

1. If the polynomial x2−7x+12x^2 - 7x + 12x2−7x+12 is divided by x−3x - 3x−3, the remainder is:
a) 0
b) 3
c) 12
d) -3
Answer: b

2. The number of solutions for the system of equations x+y=4x + y = 4x+y=4 and 2x+2y=92x +
2y = 92x+2y=9 is:
a) No solution
b) Exactly one solution
c) Infinitely many solutions
d) Two solutions
Answer: a

3. For the polynomial x2+5x+6x^2 + 5x + 6x2+5x+6, the zeros are:

a) -2 and -3
b) -1 and -6
c) 1 and 6
d) -1 and -5
Answer: a

4. The discriminant of the quadratic equation x2−4x+4=0x^2 - 4x + 4 = 0x2−4x+4=0 is:

a) 0
b) 4
c) 8
d) 16
Answer: a

5. The nth term of the A.P. 3, 8, 13, ... is given by:

a) 3+(n−1)×53 + (n - 1) \times 53+(n−1)×5
b) 3+(n+1)×53 + (n + 1) \times 53+(n+1)×5
c) 3+n×53 + n \times 53+n×5
d) 3+(n−2)×53 + (n - 2) \times 53+(n−2)×5
Answer: a

6. For the quadratic equation x2+6x+8=0x^2 + 6x + 8 = 0x2+6x+8=0, the roots are:

a) -2 and -4
b) -4 and -2
c) 2 and 4
d) -8 and -1
Answer: a
7. The sum of the first 8 terms of the A.P. 5, 10, 15, ... is:
a) 440
b) 320
c) 360
d) 400
Answer: b

8. The standard form of a quadratic equation is:

a) ax2+bx+c=0ax^2 + bx + c = 0ax2+bx+c=0
b) a(x−h)2+k=0a(x - h)^2 + k = 0a(x−h)2+k=0
c) (x−h)2=k(x - h)^2 = k(x−h)2=k
d) a(x−h)(x−k)=0a(x - h)(x - k) = 0a(x−h)(x−k)=0
Answer: a

9. For the quadratic equation 2x2+3x−5=02x^2 + 3x - 5 = 02x2+3x−5=0, the discriminant is:

a) 29
b) 25
c) 21
d) 19
Answer: a

10. The number of terms in the A.P. 6, 11, 16, ..., 56 is:
a) 10
b) 12
c) 11
d) 15
Answer: b

11. For the polynomial p(x)=x2−8x+15p(x) = x^2 - 8x + 15p(x)=x2−8x+15, the sum of the zeros is:
a) 8
b) -8
c) 15
d) -15
Answer: a

12. The roots of the quadratic equation x2−2x−8=0x^2 - 2x - 8 = 0x2−2x−8=0 are:

a) 4 and -2
b) 2 and -4
c) -4 and 2
d) -2 and 4
Answer: a

13. The sum of the roots of the polynomial x2−5x+6x^2 - 5x + 6x2−5x+6 is:
a) 5
b) -5
c) 6
d) -6
Answer: a

14. For the quadratic equation x2−6x+9=0x^2 - 6x + 9 = 0x2−6x+9=0, the discriminant is:
a) 0
 b) 6
c) 9
d) 18
Answer: a

15. The common difference in the A.P. 4, 9, 14, ... is:

a) 5
b) 4
c) 6
d) 9
Answer: a

16. If the polynomial x2−4x+kx^2 - 4x + kx2−4x+k has roots 2 and -3, then kkk is:
a) -6
b) 6
c) 5
d) -5
Answer: a

17. For the quadratic equation x2+6x+8=0x^2 + 6x + 8 = 0x2+6x+8=0, the roots are:
a) -4 and -2
b) 2 and 4
c) -2 and 4
d) -8 and 1
Answer: a

18. The sum of the first 7 terms of the A.P. 4, 7, 10, ... is:
a) 140
b) 112
c) 105
d) 130
Answer: b

19. Assertion-Reason
Assertion: Every composite number has a unique prime factorization.
Reason: Prime factorization of a composite number is not unique.
a) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
b) Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
d) Assertion is false but reason is true.
Answer: c

20. Assertion-Reason
Assertion: A quadratic equation can have at most two real roots.
Reason: The number of real roots depends on the discriminant.
a) Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
b) Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the
 assertion.
c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
d) Assertion is false but reason is true.
Answer: a

Section B: Very Short Answer (VSA)

(2 marks each)

21. Find the sum of the squares of the roots of the equation x2−4x+3=0x^2 - 4x + 3 =
0x2−4x+3=0.

Answer:
The roots are 111 and 333.
Sum of the squares:

12+32=1+9=101^2 + 3^2 = 1 + 9 = 1012+32=1+9=10

22. Find the equation of the line passing through the points (1,2)(1, 2)(1,2) and (3,4)(3, 4)(3,4).

Answer:
Slope mmm:

m=4−23−1=1m = \frac{4 - 2}{3 - 1} = 1m=3−14−2=1

Using the point-slope form y−y1=m(x−x1)y - y_1 = m(x - x_1)y−y1=m(x−x1):

y−2=1(x−1) ⟹ y=x+1y - 2 = 1(x - 1) \implies y = x + 1y−2=1(x−1)⟹y=x+1

So, the equation is y=x+1y = x + 1y=x+1.

23. Find the sum of the roots of the quadratic equation x2−3x+2=0x^2 - 3x + 2 = 0x2−3x+2=0.

Answer:
Sum of the roots:

−−31=3-\frac{-3}{1} = 3−1−3=3

24. Find the distance between the points (3,4)(3, 4)(3,4) and (7,1)(7, 1)(7,1).

Answer:
Using the distance formula:

Distance=(7−3)2+(1−4)2=16+9=25=5\text{Distance} = \sqrt{(7 - 3)^2 + (1 - 4)^2} = \sqrt{16 + 9} = \

sqrt{25} = 5Distance=(7−3)2+(1−4)2=16+9=25=5

25. Find the ratio in which the line x+y=7x + y = 7x+y=7 divides the line segment joining (2,3)(2,
3)(2,3) and (4,5)(4, 5)(4,5).

Answer:
Let the line divide the segment in the ratio k:1k:1k:1. Using the section formula:

2+4k1+k=7and3+5k1+k=7\frac{2 + 4k}{1 + k} = 7 \quad \text{and} \quad \frac{3 + 5k}{1 + k} =

71+k2+4k=7and1+k3+5k=7

Solving these equations:

2+4k1+k=7 ⟹ 2+4k=7+7k ⟹ −5k=5 ⟹ k=−1\frac{2 + 4k}{1 + k} = 7 \implies 2 + 4k = 7 + 7k \
implies -5k = 5 \implies k = -11+k2+4k=7⟹2+4k=7+7k⟹−5k=5⟹k=−1

Thus, the ratio is −1:1-1:1−1:1 or 1:−11:-11:−1.

Section C: Short Answer (SA)

(3 marks each)

26. Prove that if two triangles are similar, then their corresponding sides are proportional.

Let △ABC\triangle ABC△ABC and △DEF\triangle DEF△DEF be similar triangles. By the definition of
Answer:

similarity:

ABDE=BCEF=CAFD\frac{AB}{DE} = \frac{BC}{EF} = \frac{CA}{FD}DEAB=EFBC=FDCA

Hence, the corresponding sides are proportional.

27. Find the area of a sector of a circle with radius 7 cm and central angle 60°.

Answer:
The formula for the area of a sector is:

Area of sector=θ360×πr2\text{Area of sector} = \frac{\theta}{360} \times \pi r^2Area of sector=360θ

×πr2

For θ=60∘\theta = 60^\circθ=60∘ and r=7r = 7r=7:

Area=60360×π×72=16×π×49=49π6≈25.72 cm2\text{Area} = \frac{60}{360} \times \pi \times 7^2 = \

frac{1}{6} \times \pi \times 49 = \frac{49\pi}{6} \approx 25.72 \text{ cm}^2Area=36060×π×72=61
×π×49=649π≈25.72 cm2

28. Prove that the tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the
point of contact.

Answer:
Let OOO be the center of the circle and PPP be the point of contact of the tangent PTPTPT. If
OPOPOP is the radius and PTPTPT is the tangent, then by definition:

OP⊥PTOP \perp PTOP⊥PT

This is proved by considering the right triangle △OPT\triangle OPT△OPT where OTOTOT is the radius
and PTPTPT is tangent. By Pythagoras’ theorem in △OPT\triangle OPT△OPT, OT2=OP2+PT2OT^2 =
OP^2 + PT^2OT2=OP2+PT2. Thus, OP⊥PTOP \perp PTOP⊥PT.

29. Solve the pair of linear equations x+y=5x + y = 5x+y=5 and 2x−y=12x - y = 12x−y=1 using the
substitution method.

Answer:
From x+y=5x + y = 5x+y=5:

y=5−xy = 5 - xy=5−x

Substituting yyy in the second equation:

2x−(5−x)=1 ⟹ 2x−5+x=1 ⟹ 3x=6 ⟹ x=22x - (5 - x) = 1 \implies 2x - 5 + x = 1 \implies 3x = 6 \
implies x = 22x−(5−x)=1⟹2x−5+x=1⟹3x=6⟹x=2

Substituting x=2x = 2x=2 in y=5−xy = 5 - xy=5−x:

y=5−2=3y = 5 - 2 = 3y=5−2=3

So, the solution is (2,3)(2, 3)(2,3).

30. Find the volume of a right circular cylinder with radius 3 cm and height 5 cm.

Answer:
The formula for the volume of a cylinder is:

Volume=πr2h\text{Volume} = \pi r^2 hVolume=πr2h

For r=3r = 3r=3 cm and h=5h = 5h=5 cm:

Volume=π×32×5=45π≈141.37 cm3\text{Volume} = \pi \times 3^2 \times 5 = 45\pi \approx 141.37 \

text{ cm}^3Volume=π×32×5=45π≈141.37 cm3

31. Find the median of the following grouped data:

Class Intervals: 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50
Frequencies: 3, 7, 15, 8, 2

Answer:
Total number of observations = 3+7+15+8+2=353 + 7 + 15 + 8 + 2 = 353+7+15+8+2=35.
Median class is the class with cumulative frequency greater than or equal to 35/2=17.535/2 =
17.535/2=17.5.
Cumulative frequencies: 3, 10, 25, 33, 35.
The median class is 20-30.
Using the median formula:

Median=L+(N2−CF)f×h\text{Median} = L + \frac{\left(\frac{N}{2} - CF\right)}{f} \times

hMedian=L+f(2N−CF)×h

where L=20L = 20L=20, CF=10CF = 10CF=10, f=15f = 15f=15, h=10h = 10h=10:

Median=20+17.5−1015×10=20+7.515×10=20+5=25\text{Median} = 20 + \frac{17.5 - 10}{15} \times

10 = 20 + \frac{7.5}{15} \times 10 = 20 + 5 = 25Median=20+1517.5−10×10=20+157.5×10=20+5=25

Section D: Long Answer (LA)

(5 marks each)

32. Solve the quadratic equation x2−6x+8=0x^2 - 6x + 8 = 0x2−6x+8=0 by factorization and verify
the solution by substituting the roots in the equation.

Answer:
Factoring the quadratic equation:

x2−6x+8=(x−2)(x−4)=0x^2 - 6x + 8 = (x - 2)(x - 4) = 0x2−6x+8=(x−2)(x−4)=0

Thus, x=2x = 2x=2 and x=4x = 4x=4.

Verify by substituting: For x=2x = 2x=2:
22−6×2+8=4−12+8=02^2 - 6 \times 2 + 8 = 4 - 12 + 8 = 022−6×2+8=4−12+8=0

For x=4x = 4x=4:

42−6×4+8=16−24+8=04^2 - 6 \times 4 + 8 = 16 - 24 + 8 = 042−6×4+8=16−24+8=0

Both roots satisfy the equation.

33. Find the ratio of the lengths of the tangents drawn from an external point to a circle with
radius 5 cm and where the point is 13 cm away from the center of the circle.

Answer:
The length of the tangent LLL can be found using the Pythagorean theorem:

L2+r2=d2L^2 + r^2 = d^2L2+r2=d2

where r=5r = 5r=5 cm, d=13d = 13d=13 cm:

L2=132−52=169−25=144 ⟹ L=144=12 cmL^2 = 13^2 - 5^2 = 169 - 25 = 144 \implies L = \sqrt{144} =

12 \text{ cm}L2=132−52=169−25=144⟹L=144=12 cm

Since the lengths of the tangents are equal, the ratio is 1:11:11:1.

34. In a right triangle, if one angle is 45∘45^\circ45∘ and the hypotenuse is 10 cm, find the
lengths of the other two sides.

Answer:
In a 45°-45°-90° triangle, the sides are in the ratio 1:1:21:1:\sqrt{2}1:1:2.
Let each leg be xxx:

x2=10 ⟹ x=102=52 cmx\sqrt{2} = 10 \implies x = \frac{10}{\sqrt{2}} = 5\sqrt{2} \text{ cm}x2

=10⟹x=210=52 cm

Thus, both legs are 525\sqrt{2}52 cm each.

35. Find the area of a triangle with sides 7 cm, 24 cm, and 25 cm.

Answer:
Use Heron's formula:

s=a+b+c2=7+24+252=28s = \frac{a + b + c}{2} = \frac{7 + 24 + 25}{2} = 28s=2a+b+c=27+24+25=28

Area:

Area=s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)=28×(28−7)×(28−24)×(28−25)\text{Area} = \sqrt{s(s - a)(s - b)(s - c)} = \sqrt{28 \

times (28 - 7) \times (28 - 24) \times (28 - 25)}Area=s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)=28×(28−7)×(28−24)×(28−25)
Area=28×21×4×3=7056=84 cm2\text{Area} = \sqrt{28 \times 21 \times 4 \times 3} = \sqrt{7056} = 84
\text{ cm}^2Area=28×21×4×3=7056=84 cm2

Section E: Case Study-Based Integrated Questions

(4 marks each)
 36. Case Study:
A company is designing a new cylindrical storage tank with a radius of 8 meters and height of
12 meters. Find the volume and the total surface area of the tank.

Answer:
Volume:

Volume=πr2h=π×82×12=768π≈2411.2 m3\text{Volume} = \pi r^2 h = \pi \times 8^2 \times 12 = 768\

pi \approx 2411.2 \text{ m}^3Volume=πr2h=π×82×12=768π≈2411.2 m3

Total Surface Area:

Surface Area=2πr(r+h)=2π×8×(8+12)=2π×8×20=320π≈1005.3 m2\text{Surface Area} = 2\pi r (r + h) =

2\pi \times 8 \times (8 + 12) = 2\pi \times 8 \times 20 = 320\pi \approx 1005.3 \
text{ m}^2Surface Area=2πr(r+h)=2π×8×(8+12)=2π×8×20=320π≈1005.3 m2

37. Case Study:

A rectangular field has a length of 60 meters and a width of 40 meters. A path of uniform
width xxx meters is constructed around the field. The total area of the field and the path is
3600 square meters. Find the width xxx of the path.

Answer:
Area of the field including the path:

(60+2x)(40+2x)=3600(60 + 2x)(40 + 2x) = 3600(60+2x)(40+2x)=3600

Expanding and solving:

4x2+200x+2400=3600 ⟹ 4x2+200x−1200=04x^2 + 200x + 2400 = 3600 \implies 4x^2 + 200x - 1200

2400+120x+80x+4x2=36002400 + 120x + 80x + 4x^2 = 36002400+120x+80x+4x2=3600

= 04x2+200x+2400=3600⟹4x2+200x−1200=0

Dividing by 4:

x2+50x−300=0x^2 + 50x - 300 = 0x2+50x−300=0

Solving the quadratic equation:

x=−50±502+4×3002=−50±2500+12002=−50±37002x = \frac{-50 \pm \sqrt{50^2 + 4 \times 300}}{2}

= \frac{-50 \pm \sqrt{2500 + 1200}}{2} = \frac{-50 \pm \sqrt{3700}}{2}x=2−50±502+4×300
=2−50±2500+1200=2−50±3700 x=−50+602=5x = \frac{-50 + 60}{2} = 5x=2−50+60=5

So, the width of the path is 555 meters.

38. Case Study:

A cube has a side length of 4 cm. Calculate the surface area and the volume of the cube.

Answer:
Volume:

Volume=a3=43=64 cm3\text{Volume} = a^3 = 4^3 = 64 \text{ cm}^3Volume=a3=43=64 cm3

Surface Area:

Surface Area=6a2=6×42=96 cm2\text{Surface Area} = 6a^2 = 6 \times 4^2 = 96 \

text{ cm}^2Surface Area=6a2=6×42=96 cm2
4o mini