Understanding Culture
Society and Politics
Quarter 2 - Module 11
Prepared by: Daniel A. Ranoy
WAYS TO ADDRESS LOCAL,
NATIONAL, AND GLOBAL
INEQUALITIES
At the end of this lesson you should be able to:
a. Identify the social inequalities prevalent in our
society;
b. Identify and describe the ways to address local,
national, and global inequalities.
S O C I A L I N EQ UA L I T Y
Social Inequality is the difference in the
distribution of social desirables such as wealth,
power, and prestige.
Also refers to the unequal opportunities of
individual's based on their social class or status.
Social inequalities
1. Access to social, political, and symbolic capital
2. Gender Inequality
3. Ethnic Minorities
4. Other Minorities
5. Global Inequality
6. International Inequality
1. Access to social, political, and symbolic capital
*The distance between masses and the decision
makers, the more layers of authority and the
decision, the greater the political inequality.
2. Gender Inequality
*In some countries, women are paid relatively
lower than men due to their sexuality and
biological differences.
*The LGBT community has always been treated
indifferently and discriminatively because they do
not fall within a biologically gender group.
3. Ethnic Minorities
*Because some minorities live traditionalistic lives
far away from the city and technology, and some
may appear differently than usual, they have been
consistently labeled and treated as people with
minimal knowledge and capabilities.
4. Other Minorities
*This may include people with disabilities or
people with religions that are less prevalent in
society.
*Persons with Disability (PWD) are those who
have long-term physical, mental, intellectual or
sensory impairments which in interaction with
various barriers may hinder their full effective
participation in society on an equal basis with
others.
5. Global Inequality
*Relationship between states and non-state
actors in the global Community
o State actor is the institution implementing the
functions of the government.
o Non-State actor is an individual or
organization that has powerful economic,
political, and social power.
6. International Inequality
*Refers to the idea of inequality between
countries. This can be compared to global
inequality between people across countries.
*This may refer to economic as well as medical
care and education differences between countries
Inequality does not only exist in our community,
in our society, in our country but also among
countries.
There are countries which are economically
matured and more powerful than other countries
and ends up to become influential in the global
community.
This leads to a condition of global inequality
where developing countries end up being
controlled and influenced by the developed
countries.
Developing country refers a nation with a less
developed industrial base and a sovereign state
with less human development indicators (HDI)
than other developed countries. Per capita
income or gross domestic product (GDP) is also
includes in defining a developing country.
Human Development Indicators (HDI) – life
expectancy, education, and purchasing power
parity.
A developed country- also called an industrialized
country- has a mature and sophisticated
economy, usually measured by gross domestic
product (GDP) and/or average income per
resident. Developed countries have advanced
technological infrastructure and have diverse
industrial and service sectors.
Per capita income – is a measure of the amount of
money earned per person in a nation or
geographic region.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) – is the final value
of goods and services produced within the
geographic boundaries of a country during a
specified period of time.
The case of the Philippines and the United States
is a good example of this, where, culturally,
economically, and politically, the Philippines is
perceived to be under the strong influence of the
United States due to the colonization in the past.
Inequality can also be an outcome of the relative
strength of a state as compared with another in
terms of strategic importance or development
assistance.
Countries with many resources tend to have more
power.
Countries that send official development
assistance (ODA) in the form of loans and grants
are in the position to dictate their policy
conditions.
Official Development Assistance (ODA) –
international financing development, particularly
for the poorest countries.
Military strength is also a source of inequality
where countries with superior military
competence are able to bully the weaker ones,
just in the issue of West Philippine Sea between
China and the Philippines.
Global inequality can also be manifested through
transnational business corporations and
organizations that operate globally.
These private corporations have enormous power
to influence the economy of the countries where
they have investments.
Transnational business corporations – is involved
with the international production of goods or
services, foreign investments, or income and asset
management in more than one country. It sets up
manufacturing factories in developing countries as
land in cheaper there.
Happy learning everyone!!!
Prepared by: Daniel A. Ranoy