LL.B.

3 Years Degree Course

Syllabus
(w.e.f.) 2024-25

Faculty of Law
University of Lucknow

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 LL.B. Three Years Course, 2024-25
Paper Code LL.B. I Semester Credit Nature
LL-101 Jurisprudence 04 Core
LL-102 Law of Contract-I 04 Core
LL-103 Public International Law -I 04 Core
LL-104 Family Law-I 04 Core
LL-105 Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita -I (BNS-I) 04 Core
LL-106 Constitutional Law I 04 Core
LL-107 Soft Skill-I (Yoga) Value Added

LL.B. II Semester Credit Nature

LL-201 Law of Torts 04 Core
LL-202 Law of Contract-II 04 Core
LL-203 Public International Law-II 04 Core
LL-204 Family Law-II 04 Core
LL-205 Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita -II (BNS-II) 04 Core
LL-206 Constitutional Law-II 04 Core
LL-207 Soft Skill-II (Computer Course) Value Added

LL.B. III Semester Credit Nature

LL-301 Commercial Law 04 Core
LL-302 Labour Law-I 04 Core
LL-303 Company Law-I 04 Core
LL-304 Civil Procedure Code-I 04 Core
LL-305 Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita-I (BNSS-I) 04 Core
LL-306 Interpretation of Statutes 04 Core
LL-307 Indian and Foreign Languages NC Course
(Hindi/Sanskrit/German/French)

LL.B. IV Semester Credit Nature

LL-401 Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 04 Core
LL-402 Labour Laws-II 04 Core
LL-403 Company Law-II 04 Core
LL-404 Civil Procedure Code -II 04 Core
LL-405 Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita-II (BNSS-II) 04 Core
LL-406 Property Law 04 Core

LL.B. V Semester Credit Nature

LL-501 Administrative Law 04 Core
LL-502 Land Laws-I 04 Core
LL-503 Alternative Disputes Resolution-I 04 Core
LL-504 Equity, Trust & Specific Relief 04 Core
LL-505 Elective Groups -I 04 Core
A. Constitution Law-I
B. Criminal Law -I
C. Business Law -I
LL-506 Pleading, Drafting & Conveyancing 04 Core

LL.B. VI Semester Credit Nature

LL-601 Professional Ethics and Court Craft 04 Core
LL-602 Land Laws II 04 Core
LL-603 Alternative Disputes Resolution-II 04 Core
LL-604 Environmental Laws 04 Core
LL-605 Elective Groups -II 04 Core
A. Constitution Law -II
B. Criminal Law -II
C. Business Law -II
LL-606 Moot Court Exercise and Internship 04 Core
Elective Groups-I 1. Constitutional Group: 1. Human Rights, 2. Election Law; 2. Criminal Groups-I 1. Socio-Economic Offences, 2. Criminology & Penology; 3. Business Groups:
1. Corporate Restructuring and Reconstruction. 2. Banking Law.
Elective Groups-II 1. Constitutional Group: 1. Media Law 2. Constitutional Functionaries & Challenges 2. Criminal Groups- 1. Forensic Science, 2. Cyber Law; 3. Business Groups:
1. Intellectual Property Law, 2. Taxation
Language papers: English, French, German, Hindi, Sanskrit
Note: - (a) Each registered student shall have completed minimum of 12 weeks internship for Three Year Course stream and 20 weeks in case of Five Year Course stream during the entire period
of legal studies under NGO, Trial and Appellate Advocates, Judiciary, Legal Regulatory authorities, Legislatures and Parliament, Other Legal Functionaries, Market Institutions, Law Firms,
Companies, Local Self Government and other such bodies as the University shall stipulate, where law is practiced either in action or in dispute resolution or in management. Provided that internship in
any year cannot be for a continuous period of more than Four Weeks and all students shall at least gone through once in the Entire academic period with Trial and Appellate Advocates.
(b) Each student shall keep Internship diary in such form as may be stipulated by the University concerned and the same shall be evaluated by the Guide in Internship and also a Core Faculty
member of the staff each time. The total mark shall be assessed in the Final Semester of the course.

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 LL.B.(Three years course) (First Year) I Semester
Paper Code: LL-101
Paper I
Jurisprudence
Course Outcome Credit-04
1. To familiarize the students with the basic question as to ‘what is law’
2. To create an awareness about the basic concepts of law.
3. To introduce the theories governing justice.

Unit I: Introduction to Jurisprudence (Lectures10)

Definition, Nature and Scope of Jurisprudence.
Sources of law
Natural Law School

Unit II: Schools of Legal Theory (Lectures 10)

Legal Positivism.
Historical School, Realist School, Sociological School.
Critical Legal School.

Unit III: Basic Concepts of Law (Lectures 10)

Rights and Duties
Ownership and possession.
Legal personality and its Theories.

Unit IV: Justice and Contemporary issues (Lectures 10)

Theories of Justice: Aristotle’s Theory of Justice, Utilitarian Theory of Justice, Rawlsian theory of
Justice, Robert Nozick’s views.
Relation of Modernism and Post Modernism to Law. Relation between Law and Morality

References
Text Books:
1. R W Dias’ Jurisprudence, LexisNexis publication.
2. Raymond Wacks, Understanding Jurisprudence, Oxford Publication.
3. Wayne Morrison, Understanding Jurisprudence: From Greeks to Post Modernism, (Routledge
Publication).
4. N.E. Simmonds, Central Issues in Jurisprudence, Eastern Book Co.
5. SalmondOn Jurisprudence , Universal Law Publishing Co. Pvt. Limited
6. Anirudh Prasad, Principles of Jurisprudence, Eastern Book Publication

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 LL.B. (Three years course) (First Year) I Semester
Paper Code: LL-102
Paper II
Law of Contract-I
Course outcome Credit-04
1. To develop understanding of formation of contract;
2. To expose students about basic legal principles of vitiating factors in formation of contract;
3. To develop general and special knowledge of remedies for breach of contract & enforcement of
contract

Unit I: Formation of Contract (Lectures 10)

Meaning and nature of contract, E-Contract
Offer/Proposal: Definition, Communication, Revocation, General/Specific offer, Invitation of treat
Acceptance: Definition, Communication, Revocation, Provisional acceptance, Tenders/Auctions

Unit II: Consideration and Capacity (Lectures 10)

Consideration: Definition, Essentials, Privity of Contract, Exception under section 25
Capacity to enter into a contract; Minor’s Position, Nature/effect of minor’s agreements.

Unit III: Validity, Discharge and Performance of Contract (Lectures 10)

Free Consent
Coercion, Undue influence, Misrepresentation, Fraud, Mistake
Unlawful consideration and object
Effect of void, voidable, valid, illegal, unlawful and uncertain agreement/contracts
Discharge of Contracts
Performance
Time and Place of performance
Agreement, Contract Deed
Impossibility of performance and frustration
Breach: Anticipatory & Present

Unit IV: Remedies and Quasi Contracts (Lectures 10)

Remedies: Damages, Kinds of damages, Remoteness of damages etc., Injunction, Specific
Performance, Quantum Meruit.
Quasi Contract (Section 68-72)

Act
Indian Contract Act, 1872

References
Text Books:
1. Beatsen (ed.)-Anson's Law of Contract: (27th Ed. 1998)
2. Anson-Law of Contract (1998), Universal, Delhi
3. Pollock and Mulla-Indian Contract Act
4. Avtar Singh-Law of Contract, Eastern Book Co.(Lucknow)
5. S.K. Kapoor- Samvidha Vidhi (Hindi)
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 LL.B. (Three years course) (First Year) I Semester
Paper Code: LL-103
Paper III
Public International Law I
Course Outcomes Credit-04
 The paper focuses on international branch of public law and its fundamental principles and application.
 The paper enables student to develop understanding and application of various concepts and principles of Public
International Law like recognition, state territory, succession and intervention.

Unit I: International Law; Nature & Definition (Lectures 10)

i. Public International Law: Nature & Historical Development, Relationship between International Law and
International Politics .
ii. Definitions of Public International Law.
iii. Sources of Public International Law.
iv. Relationship and difference between Public International Law and Municipal Law
v. Subjects of Public International Law : States, Individuals and international organization .
vi. Sanctions in International Law.
vii. Enforcement of International Law.
viii. Sovereignty in International Law: Historical development and Recent Challenges (Sovereignty as Responsibility,
Subsidiary and the impact of Globalization )
Unit II : Succession, Intervention, Jurisdiction (Lectures 10)
i. Recognition-Definition of State Recognition, Recognition of Government, Theories of Recognition, Recognition De
Jure and De Facto, The Duty to Recognize, Legal Effect of Recognition, Withdrawal of Recognition, Retroactive effect of
Recognition.
ii. States Succession: Definition and Kinds of Succession, Consequences of States Succession, Succession in respect of
International organization.
iii. Intervention: Definition, Grounds of Intervention, Intervention by Invitation, Prohibition on Intervention,
Humanitarian Intervention and Responsibility to Protect (R2P).
iv. Jurisdiction: Meaning , Nature , Difference between sovereignty and jurisdiction.
v. State Responsibility
Unit III State Territory & Law of Sea (Lectures 10)
i. State Territory: Concepts, Modes of Acquisitions, The Principle of utipossidites and Self Determination .
ii. Air Space: Various Theories, Aerial Navigation ( Five Freedoms of Air ), Outer Space 1967 .
iii. Law of Sea : Historical Development , Grotius’ Mare Liberum and The Concept of Open Sea and Closed Sea ,
Territorial Sea, Contiguous Zone , Continental Shelf , EEZ , High Seas , Land Locked States , Piracy, ITLOS .
Unit IV Extradition& International Criminal Law (Lectures 10)
i. Extradition : Definition , Purpose of Extradition , Legal Duty to Extradite Duty , Extradition of Political offender ,
Doctrine of Double Criminality , Rule of Specialty .
ii. Diplomatic Agent: Meaning and Functions, Immunities and Privileges, Waiver of Immunity, Termination of
Diplomatic Mission.
iii. Consuls: Meaning, function, privileges and immunities.
iv. Basic Principles of International Criminal Law.

Books :
1. Public International Law by Malcolm Shaw 7thEdition , Cambridge Publications.
2. Cases and Materials on Public International Law by D J Harris , Sweet Maxwell Publications.
3. Modern Introduction to International Law (edited by Peter Malanczuk) ,Routledge Publications , 1997.
4. Theory of International Law by Robert Kolb , Hart Publications , 2016 .
5. Textbook on Public International Law, Dr. [Link]. Singh , Universal Publications
6. Introduction to International Relations : Theories and Approaches , Robert Jackson Oxford University Press , 1973.
7. Collective Security under International Law by Hans Kelsen , Law Books Exchange Ltd, 1957.
8. Humanitarian Intervention : The United Nations in An Evolving World Order by Sean Murphy , University of
Pennsylvania Press , 1996 .
9. The Public International Law Theory of Hans Kelsen : Believing in Universal Law by Jochen Von Bernstorff ,
Cambridge Publications 2010 .
10. Law of Extradition In India by V K Bansal , Buttersworth Publications.

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 LL.B. (Three years course) (First Year) I Semester
Paper Code: LL-104
Paper IV
Family Law-I

Course outcome Credit-04

1. To expose the students about concepts and idea of Hindu & Muslim Law;
2. To apprise the students about the Family in Hindu & Muslim Law and its matrimonial issues like divorce,
maintenance and guardianship under both codified and uncodified law
3. To expose the students about maintenance and legitimacy.
Hindu Law

Unit-I: Sources and Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 (Lectures 10)

Nature, Who is Hindu & Sources of Hindu Law
Nature, Source and application of Hindu Law
Hindu Marriage Act, 1955: (Sec.5-23)

Unit –II: Maintenance, Adoption and Guardianship (Lectures 10)

Maintenance under Hindu Marriage Act (Sec.24 & 25)
Maintenance under Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956 (Sec.18, 19 & 20)
Adoption: Essential & Effect (Sec.6 to 12 of HA&MA, 1956)
Kinds and Powers of guardian under Hindu Minority & Guardianship Act, 1956 (Sec.6-13)
Muslim Law
Unit –III: Sources and Marriage (Lectures 10)
Nature & Sources of Muslim Law, Who is Muslim?
Application of Muslim Law
Muslim Marriage: Essentials, Option of puberty, Kinds of Marriage under Sunni Law & Shia Law
Mehr : Definition, Concept, Kinds of Dower, Rights of Wife in case of Unpaid Mehar

Unit-IV: Divorce, Maintenance, Legitimacy and Guardianship (Lectures 10)

Classification of Divorce
Maintenance of Wife Under Muslim personal law, Cr.P.C and Muslim Women (Protection of Right on Divorce)
Act, 1986
Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019
Parentage and Legitimacy
Kinds and Powers of guardian

Acts
1. Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
2. Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956
3. Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956
3. Muslim Women (Protection of Right on Divorce) Act, 1986
4. Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019

References
Text Books:
1. J.D.M. Derrett- Hindu Law
2. Mulla -Hindu Law, (18th Ed. 2002) Butterworth Publication
3. Paras Diwan, Hindu Law, Allahabad Law Agency
4. [Link] Kr. Singh, Hindu Law, Universal Law Publishers, Allahabad
5. [Link] Kr. Singh, Textbook on Muslim Law, 3 rd Edi.2017, LexisNexis
6. Kusum & [Link], Lecture on Hindu Law, Butterworthe Publication

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 LL.B. (Three years course) (First Year) I Semester
Paper Code: LL-105
Paper V
Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita -I

Course Outcome Credit-04

1. To expose students about concept & elements of crimes;

2. To apprise the students about the justified crimes and general exceptions;
3. To expose the students about inchoate offences, punishment and newly introduced offences etc.

Unit-I : Introduction to Substantive Criminal Law & its Basics & Punishments (Lectures 10)
 Brief History of Criminal Law of India.
 Mens Rea: Meaning, Concept, Applicability & Non-applicability
 Crime: Meaning, Concept, Elements, Importance
 Stages: Stages of commission on Crime & Theories of Commission of Crime
 Organised Crime (sec-111)
 Petty Organised Crime (sec-112)
 Crime of Terrorism and Terrorist act (sec-113)
 Punishment-Definition, Kinds, Theories

Unit-II: General Exceptions & Private Defence (Lectures 10)

 General Exception: Meaning, Nature, Scope, Applicability

 Excusable Offences: Statutory Provisions (secs-14-33)
 Private Defence: Meaning, Object, Significance
 Justifiable Offences: Statutory Provisions (secs-34 to 44)

Unit-III: General Explanations, Offences against public tranquility and offence against state
(Lectures 10)
 Group Liability/Joint Liability: Common Intention (sec-3(5) to (9))
 Unlawful Assembly (sec-189)
 Common Object (sec-190)
 Rioting (sec-191)
 Affray (sec-194)
 Promoting enmity between different groups (sec-196)
 Act endangering sovereignty, unity and integrity of India (sec-152)

Unit-IV: Abetment Criminal Conspiracy and Offences Affecting Public Health and Safety (Lectures 10)
 Abetment (sec- 45-57)
 Criminal Conspiracy (sec-61)
 Public Nuisance (sec-270)
 Rash Driving (sec-281)

References
Text Books:
1. Pillai, PSA, Criminal Law
2. Jeroma Hall, Principles of Criminal Law
3. [Link], Criminal Law
4. Ratan Lal & Dhiraj Law, Indian Penal Code
5. [Link], Criminal Law cases and materials
6. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (Replacing Indian Penal Code, 1860)

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 LL.B. (Three years course) (First Year) I Semester
Paper Code: LL-106
Paper VI
Constitutional Law of India-I

Course outcome Credit-04

1. To expose students about concepts in Constitutional Law;
2. To apprise the students about the basic cannons of constitutional law like Rule of Law and
separation of powers;
3. To expose the students about organs of state, Emergency Provisions;
4. To apprise the students about Contractual and Tortious liability of state

Unit-I: Constitution (Lectures 10)

Definition and Classification
Sources of Constitution
Nature of Indian Constitution
Salient features of Indian Constitution
Separation of powers

Unit-II: Distributive of Powers between Center and States (Lectures 10)

Legislative Powers - Administrative Powers - Financial Power
Doctrine of Territorial Nexus–Doctrine of Harmonious Construction-Doctrine of Pith and Substance-Doctrine
of Repugnancy

Unit-III: President- Election Power & Function (Lectures 10)

Parliament
Parliamentary Privileges
Anti-Defection Law
Executive Power
Collective Responsibility of Cabinet
Judiciary appointment of judges and Jurisdiction of Supreme Court and High Courts
Independence of Judiciary
Doctrine of Political Question

Unit-IV: (Lectures 10)

Emergency Provisions, Amendment of Constitution, Doctrine of Basic Structure, Contractual and Tortious
Liability of State, and Freedom of Trade & Commerce
Act: The Constitution of India, 1950
References
Text Books:
1. [Link], Shorter Constitution of India, 2001 Wadhwa, Nagpur
2. [Link], Constitution of India, Tripathi Bombay
3. [Link], Constitution of India, Eastern Book Co. Lko.
4. [Link], Constitution of India, Wadhwa Nagpur
5. [Link], Introduction to Constitution of India, Prentice Hall.
6. [Link], “Right to Information and Administration of Justice”, Published by ACUMEN Publishers, The
Netherlands, First Edition(2019).

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LL.B. (Three years course) (First Year) I Semester
Paper Code : LL-107
Paper VII
Soft Skill-II (Yoga/NCC)

As per University Guideline