2024-25
SCIENCE (033)
CLASS- IX
TOTAL MARKS- 100 ¿ 80 (Theory) + 20 (Internal Assessment)À
THEORY: 80 Marks Time: 3:00 Hrs.
Unit No. Unit Marks
I Matter- Its Nature and Behaviour 25
II Organization in the Living World 22
III Motion, Force and Work 27
IV Food; Food Production 06
Total 80
Theme: Materials
Unit I: Matter- Nature and Behaviour
Definition of matter; solid, liquid and gas; characteristics - shape, volume, density; change of state-
melting (absorption of heat), freezing, evaporation (cooling by evaporation), condensation,
sublimation.
Nature of matter: Elements, compounds and mixtures. Heterogeneous and homogenous mixtures,
colloids and suspensions. Physical and chemical changes.
Particle nature and their basic units: Atoms and molecules, Law of Chemical Combination, Chemical
formula of common compounds, Atomic and molecular masses.
Structure of Atoms: Electrons, protons and neutrons, Valency, Atomic Number and Mass Number,
Isotopes and Isobars.
Theme: The World of the Living
Unit II: Organization in the Living World
Cell- Basic Unit of life : Cell as a basic unit of life; prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, multi-cellular
organisms; cell membrane and cell wall, cell organelles and cell inclusions; chloroplast, mitochondria,
vacuoles, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus; nucleus, chromosomes - basic structure, number.
Tissues, Organs, Organ System, Organism:
Structure and functions of animal and plant tissues (only four types of tissues in animals; Meristematic
and Permanent tissues in plants).
Theme: Moving Things, People and Ideas
Unit III: Motion, Force and Work
Motion: Distance and displacement, velocity; uniform and non-uniform motion along a straight line;
acceleration, distance-time and velocity-time graphs for uniform motion and uniformly accelerated
motion, elementary idea of uniform circular motion.
Force and Newton’s laws : Force and Motion, Newton’s Laws of Motion, Action and Reaction forces,
Inertia of a body, Inertia and mass, Momentum, Force and Acceleration.
Gravitation: Gravitation; Universal Law of Gravitation, Force of Gravitation of the earth (gravity),
Acceleration due to Gravity; Mass and Weight; Free fall.
Floatation: Thrust and Pressure. Archimedes’ principle; Buoyancy.
Work, Energy and Power: Work done by a Force, Energy, power; Kinetic and Potential energy; Law of
conservation of energy.
Sound: Nature of sound and its propagation in various media, speed of sound, range of hearing in
humans; ultrasound; reflection of sound; echo.
Theme: Food
Unit IV: Food Production
Plant and animal breeding and selection for quality improvement and management; Use of
fertilizersand manures; Protection from pests and diseases; Organic farming.
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT : 20 Marks
1- Physics Practical 03 Marks
2- Chemistry Practical 03 Marks
3- Biology Practical 03 Marks
4- Sessional Work 03 Marks
5- Viva Voce 03 Marks
6- Continuous Assessment (Unit Test) 05 Marks
(There will be total 4 Unit Tests to be conducted throughout the year (two Unit Tests before half yearly
examination and two after half yearly examination). At the time of half yearly result preparation best of
two Unit Tests (I & II) marks will be taken and converted to the weightage of 05 marks. Likewise best of
two Unit Tests (III & IV) marks will be taken and converted to the weightage of 05 marks for the annual
result preparation.)
PRACTICALS
Practicals should be conducted alongside the concepts taught in theory classes.
(LIST OF EXPERIMENTS)
1. Preparation of: Unit-I
a) a true solution of common salt, sugar and alum
b) a suspension of soil, chalk powder and fine sand in water
c) a colloidal solution of starch in water and egg albumin/milk in water and distinguish between these on the
basis of
transparency
filtration criterion
stability
2. Preparation of Unit-I
a) A mixture
b) A compound
using iron filings and sulphur powder and distinguishing between these on the basis of:
(i) appearance, i.e., homogeneity and heterogeneity
(ii) behaviour towards a magnet
(iii) behaviour towards carbon disulphide as a solvent
(iv) effect of heat
3. Perform the following reactions and classify them as physical or chemical changes: Unit-I
a) Iron with copper sulphate solution in water
b) Burning of magnesium ribbon in air
c) Zinc with dilute sulphuric acid
d) Heating of copper sulphate crystals
e) Sodium sulphate with barium chloride in the form of their solutions in water
4. Preparation of stained temporary mounts of (a) onion peel, (b) human cheek cells & to record observations and
draw their labeled diagrams. Unit-II
5. Identification of Parenchyma, Collenchyma and Sclerenchyma tissues in plants, striped,smooth and cardiac muscle
fibers and nerve cells in animals, from prepared slides. Draw their labeleddiagrams. Unit-II
6. Determination of the melting point of ice and the boiling point of water. Unit-I
7. Verificationof the Laws of reflection of sound. Unit-III
8. Determination of the density of solid (denser than water) by using a spring balance and a measuring [Link]-III
9. Establishing the relation between the loss in weight of a solid when fully immersed in- Unit-III
a) Tap water
b) Strongly salty water with the weight of water displaced by it by taking at least two differentsolids.
10. Determination of the speed of a pulse propagated through a stretched string/slinky (helicalspring).Unit-III
11. Verification of the law of conservation of mass in a chemical reaction. Unit-III
CLASS- X
TOTAL MARKS- 100 ¿ 80 (Theory) + 20 (Internal Assessment)À
THEORY: 80 Marks Time: 3:00 Hrs.
Unit No. Unit Marks
I Chemical Substances-Nature and Behaviour 25
II World of Living 25
III Natural Phenomena 12
IV Effects of Current 13
V Natural Resources 05
Total 80
Theme: Materials
Unit I: Chemical Substances- Nature and Behaviour
Chemical reactions: Chemical equation, Balanced chemical equation, implications of a balanced
chemical equation, types of chemical reactions: combination, decomposition, displacement, double
displacement, precipitation, endothermic exothermic reactions, oxidation and reduction.
Acids, bases and salts: Their definitions in terms of furnishing of H+ and OH– ions, General
properties, examples and uses, neutralization, concept of pH scale (Definition relating to logarithm
not required), importance of pH in everyday life; preparation and uses of Sodium Hydroxide,
Bleachingpowder, Baking soda, Washing soda and Plaster of Paris.
Metals and Non-metals: Properties of metals and non-metals; Reactivity series; Formation and
properties of ionic compounds; Basic metallurgical processes; Corrosion and its prevention.
Carbon and its compounds: Covalent bonding in carbon compounds. Versatile nature of carbon.
Homologous series. Nomenclature of carbon compounds containing functional groups (halogens,
alcohol, ketones, aldehydes, alkanes and alkynes), difference between saturated hydro carbons and
unsaturated hydrocarbons. Chemical properties of carbon compounds (combustion, oxidation,
addition and substitution reaction). Ethanol and Ethanoic acid (only properties and uses), soaps and
detergents.
Theme: The World of the Living
Unit II: World of Living
Life processes: ‘Living Being’. Basic concept of nutrition, respiration, transport and excretion in plants
and animals.
Control and Coordination: Tropic movements in plants; Introduction of plant hormones; Control and
co-ordination in animals: Nervous system; Voluntary, involuntary and reflex action; Chemical co-
ordination: animal hormones.
Reproduction: Reproduction in animals and plants (asexual and sexual) reproductive health- need
and methods of family planning. Safe sex vs HIV/AIDS. Child bearing and women’s health.
Heredity: Heredity; Mendel’s contribution- Laws for inheritance of traits: Sex determination: brief
introduction:
Theme: Natural Phenomena
Unit III: Natural Phenomena
Reflection of light by curved surfaces; Images formed by spherical mirrors, centre of curvature,
principal axis, principal focus, focal length, mirror formula (Derivation not required), magnification.
Refraction; Laws of refraction, refractive index.
Refraction of light by spherical lens; Image formed by spherical lenses; Lens formula (Derivation
not required); Magnification. Power of a lens.
Functioning of a lens in human eye, defects of vision and their corrections, applications of spherical
mirrors and lenses.
Refraction of light through a prism, dispersion of light, scattering of light, applications in daily
life.
Theme: How Things Work
Unit IV: Effects of Current
Electric current, potential difference and electric current. Ohm’s law; Resistance, Resistivity, Factors
on which the resistance of a conductor depends. Series combination of resistors, parallel
combination of resistors and its applications in daily life. Heating effect of electric current and its
applications in daily life. Electric power, Interrelation between P, V, I and R.
Magnetic effects of current: Magnetic field, field lines, field due to a current carrying conductor, field
due to current carrying coil or solenoid; Force on current carrying conductor, Fleming’s Left Hand
Rule, Direct current. Alternating current: frequency of AC. Advantage of AC over DC. Domestic
electric circuits.
Theme: Natural Resources
Unit V: Natural Resources
Our environment: Eco-system, Environmental problems, Ozone depletion, waste production and
their solutions. Biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances.
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT : 20 Marks
1- Physics Practical 03 Marks
2- Chemistry Practical 03 Marks
3- Biology Practical 03 Marks
4- Session Work 03 Marks
5- Viva Voce 03 Marks
6- Continuous Assessment (Unit Test) 05 Marks
(There will be total 3 Unit Tests (two Unit Tests before half yearly examination and one after half yearly
examination) and a pre-board examination to be conducted throughout the year. At the time of half
yearly result preparation best of two Unit Tests (I & II) marks will be taken and converted to the
weightage of 05 marks. In annual board examination, marks of the best out of 3 Unit Tests will be taken
and converted to the weightage of 05 marks for the result preparation.)
PRACTICALS
Practical should be conducted alongside the concepts taught in theory classes.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. A. Finding the pH of the following samples by using pH paper/universal indicator: Unit-I
(i) Dilute Hydrochloric Acid
(ii) Dilute NaOH solution
(iii) Dilute Ethanoic Acid solution
(iv) Lemon juice
(v) Water
(vi) Dilute Hydrogen Carbonate solution
B. Studying the properties of acids and bases (HCl & NaOH) on the basis of their reaction with: Unit-I
a) Litmus solution (Blue/Red)
b) Zinc metal
c) Solid sodium carbonate
2. Performing and observing the following reactions and classifying them into: Unit-I
A. Combination reaction
B. Decomposition reaction
C. Displacement reaction
D. Double displacement reaction
(i) Action of water on quicklime
(ii) Action of heat on ferrous sulphate crystals
(iii) Iron nails kept in copper sulphate solution
(iv) Reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride solutions
3. Observing the action of Zn, Fe, Cu and Al metals on the following salt solutions: Unit-I
i) ZnSO4(aq)
ii) FeSO4(aq)
iii) CuSO4(aq)
iv) Al2 (SO4)3(aq)
Arranging Zn, Fe, Cu and Al (metals) in the decreasing order of reactivity based on theabove result.
4. Studying the dependence of potential difference (V) across a resistor on the current (I) passing through it and
determine its resistance. Also plotting a graph between V and I. Unit-IV
5. Determination of the equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in series and [Link]-IV
6. Preparing a temporary mount of a leaf peel to show stomata. Unit- II
7. Experimentally show that carbon dioxide is given out during respiration. Unit-II
8. Study of the following properties of acetic acid (ethanoic acid): Unit- I
i) Odour
ii) solubility in water
iii) effect on litmus
iv) reaction with Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate
9. Study of the comparative cleaning capacity of a sample of soap in soft and hard water. Unit- I
10. Determination of the focal length of: Unit-III
i) Concave mirror
ii) Convex lens
by obtaining the image of a distant object.
11. Tracing the path of a ray of light passing through a rectangular glass slab for different angles of incidence. Measure
the angle of incidence, angle of refraction, angle of emergence and interpret the result. Unit - III
12. Studying (a) binary fission in Amoeba, and (b) budding in yeast and Hydra with the help of prepared [Link]-II
13. Tracing the path of the rays of light through a glass prism. Unit-III
14. Identification of the different parts of an embryo of a dicot seed (Pea, gram or red kidney bean). Unit-II
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PRESCRIBED BOOKS:
foKku (Science)-Textbook for class IX-NCERT Publication
foKku (Science)-Text book for class X- NCERT Publication
Laboratory Manual-Science-Class IX, NCERT Publication
Laboratory Manual-Science-Class X, NCERT Publication
Exemplar Problems Class IX – NCERT Publication
Exemplar Problems Class X – NCERT Publication
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