Integer
An integer is a whole number that can be positive, negative, or zero. Integers do
not include fractions, decimals, or any numbers that have a fractional part. The set
of integers is typically represented by the symbol ℤ, which comes from the
German word "Zahlen," meaning "numbers."
Properties of Integers
Closed under Addition, Subtraction, and Multiplication:
Adding, subtracting, or multiplying any two integers always results in another
integer.
For example: 2+3=5, −4−6=−10, 3×(−2)=−6
Not Closed under Division:
Dividing two integers does not always result in an integer.
For example: 4÷2=2 (an integer), but 5÷2=2.55 (not an integer).
Zero:
Zero is an integer that is neither positive nor negative. It is the only integer that is
considered neutral.
Ordering:
Integers can be ordered on a number line, where positive integers are to the right of
zero, and negative integers are to the left.
Absolute Value:
The absolute value of an integer is the distance from zero on the number line,
without considering direction (always non-negative).
For example: The absolute value of −3 is 3, and the absolute value of 5 is 5.
Types of integer
Positive integers:
These are integers greater than zero. 1,2,3,4,…
Negative integers:
These are integers less than zero. Negative integers are the opposites of positive
integers.
−1,−2,−3,−4,…
Zero:
Zero (0) is an integer that is neither positive nor negative.
Even Integers
These are integers divisible by 2.
Examples: …,−4,−2,0,2,4,6,…
Odd Integers:
These are integers that are not divisible by 2; they have a remainder of 1 when
divided by 2
Examples: …,−3,−1,1,3,5,…
Prime Integers:
These are positive integers greater than 1 that have no positive divisors other than
1 and themselves.
Examples: 2,3,5,7,11,…
Composite Integers:
These are positive integers greater than 1 that are not prime; they have more than
two positive divisors.
Examples: 4,6,8,9,10,…