Sure Shot Questions

Chapter – 01
Solutions
MCQ 7. Considering the formation, breaking and strength
of hydrogen bond, predict which of the following
1. Which of the following units is useful in relating mixtures will show a positive deviation from Raoult
concentration of solution with its vapour pressure? s law?
(a) Mole fraction (b) Parts per million (a) Methanol and acetone
(c) Mass percentage (d) Molality (b) Chloroform and acetone
2. On dissolving sugar in water at room temperature (c) Nitric acid and water
solution feels cool to touch. Under which of the (d) Phenol and aniline
following cases dissolution of sugar will be most 8. Colligative properties depend on _________.
rapid? (a) the nature of the solute particles dissolved in
(a) Sugar crystals in cold water solution
(b) Sugar crystals in hot water (b) the number of solute particles in solution
(c) Powdered sugar in cold water (c) the physical properties of the solute particles
(d) Powdered sugar in hot water dissolved in solution
3. At equilibrium the rate of dissolution of a solid (d) the nature of solvent particles
solute in a volatile liquid solvent is ________. 9. Which of the following aqueous solutions should
(a) Less than the rate of crystallisation have the highest boiling point?
(b) Greater than the rate of crystallisation (a) 1.0 M NaOH (b) 1.0 M Na2SO4
(c) Equal to the rate of crystallisation (c) 1.0 M NH4NO3 (d) 1.0 M KNO3
(d) Zero 10. The unit of ebullioscopic constant is _________.
4. A beaker contains a solution of substance ‘A’. (a) K kg mol-1 or K (molality)-1
Precipitation of substance ‘A’ takes place when (b) Mol kg K-1 or K-1 (molality)
small amount of ‘A’ is added to the solution. The (c) Kg mol-1 K-1 or K-1 (molality)-1
solution is ___________. (d) K mol kg-1 or K (molality)
(a) saturated (b) supersaturated 11. In comparison to a 0.01 M solution of glucose, the
(c) unsaturated (d) concentrated depression in freezing point of a 0.01 M MgCl2
5. Maximum amount of a solid solute that can be solution is
dissolved in a specified amount of a given liquid (a) the same (b) about twice
solvent does not depend upon ________. (c) about three times (d) about six times.
(a) temperature (b) nature of solute 12. An unripe mango placed in a concentrated salt
(c) pressure (d) nature of solvent solution to prepare pickle, shrivels because
6. Low concentration of oxygen in the blood and _________.
tissues of people living at high altitude is due to (a) It gains water due to osmosis
________. (b) It loses water due to reverse osmosis
(a) Low temperature (c) It gains water due to reverse osmosis
(b) Low atmospheric pressure (d) It loses water due to osmosis
(c) High atmospheric pressure 13. At a given temperature, osmotic pressure of a
(d) Both low temperature and high atmospheric concentrated solution of a substance ________.
pressure
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 (a) Is higher than that at a dilute solution (a) A – B interactions are stronger than those
(b) Is lower than that of a dilute solution between A – A or B – B
(c) Is same as that of a dilute solution (b) Vapour pressure of solution increases because
(d) Cannot be compared with osmotic pressure of more number of molecules of liquids A and B
dilute solution can escape from the solution
14. The values of van’t Hoff factors for KCl, NaCl and (c) Vapour pressure of solution decreases because
K2SO4, respectively, are __________ less number of molecules of only one of the
(a) 2, 2 and 2 (b) 2, 2 and 3 liquids escape from the solution
(c) 1, 1 and 2 (d) 1, 1 and 1 (d) A – B interactions are weaker than those
15. Value of Henry’s constant KH __________. between A – A or B – B
(a) Increases with increase in temperature 19. 4 L of 0.02 M aqueous solution of NaCl was diluted
(b) Decreases with increase in temperature by adding one litre of water. The molality of the
(c) Remains constant resultant solution is ___________.
(d) First increases then decreases (a) 0.004 m (b) 0.008 m
16. Two beakers of capacity 500 mL were taken. One (c) 0.012 m (d) 0.016 m
of these beakers, labelled as “A”, was filled with 20. K H values for Ar(g) , CO2(g) , HCHO(g) and
400 mL water whereas the beaker labelled “B” was
filled with 400 mL of 2 M solution of NaCl. At the CH 4(g) are 40.39, 1.67, 1.83 x 10-5 and 0.413
same temperature both the beaker were placed in respectively. Arrange these gases in the order of
closed containers of same material and same their increasing solubility.
capacity as shown in figure.
(a) HCHO  CH 4  CO2  Ar
(b) HCHO  CO2  CH 4  Ar
(c) Ar  CO2  CH 4  HCHO
(d) Ar  CH 4  CO2  HCHO
At a given temperature, which of the following
21. 50 mL of an aqueous solution of glucose C6H12O6
statements is correct about the vapour pressure of
(Molar mass : 180 g/mol) contains 6.02 x 1022
pure water and that of NaCl solution.
molecules. The concentration of the solution will
(a) Vapour pressure in container (A) is more than
be [2020]
that in container (B).
(a) 0.1 M (b) 0.2 M
(b) Vapour pressure in container (A) is less than
(c) 1.0 M (d) 2.0 M
that in container (B).
22. On dissolving ammonium chloride in water at
(c) Vapour pressure is equal in both the
room temperature, the solution feels cool to
containers.
touch. Under which of the following conditions
(d) Vapour pressure in container (B) is twice the
does salt dissolve faster? [2023]
vapour pressure in container (A).
(a) Powdered salt in cold water
17. We have three aqueous solutions of NaCl labelled
(b) Powdered salt in hot water
as ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ with concentrations 0.1 M, 0.01
(c) Salt crystals in cold water
M and 0.001 M, respectively. The value of van’t
(d) Salt crystals in hot water
Hoff factor for these solutions will be in the order
23. Low concentration of oxygen in the blood and
(a) iA  iB  iC (b) iA  iB  iC tissues of people living at high altitude is due to
[2023]
(c) iA  iB  iC (d) iA  iB  iC
(a) High atmospheric pressure
18. If two liquids A and B form minimum boiling (b) Low temperature
azeotrope at some specific composition then (c) Low atmospheric pressure
_________.

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 (d) Both low temperature and high atmospheric 31. The colligative property used for the determination
pressure of molar mass of polymers and proteins is
24. An unknown gas ‘X’ is dissolved in water at 2.5 bar (a) osmotic pressure
pressure and has mole fraction 0.04 in solution. (b) depression in freezing point
The mole fraction of ‘X’ gas when the pressure of (c) relative lowering in vapour pressure
gas is doubled at the same temperature is (c) elevation in boiling point. [2023]
[Term I, 2021 – 22] 32. Out of the following 1.0 M aqueous solutions
(a) 0.08 (b) 0.04 which one will show largest freezing point
(c) 0.02 (d) 0.92 depression? [2023]
25. Which of the following formula represents Raoult’s (a) NaCl (b) Na2SO4
law for a solution containing non-volatile solute? (c) C6H12O6 (d) Al2(SO4)3
[Term I, 2021 – 22]
psolute  psolute
0
.xsolute
Assertion-Reasoning
(a)
33. Assertion(A): Molality of a solution in liquid state
(b) p  K H .x
changes with temperature.
(c) Ptotal  psolvent Reason (R): The volume of solution changes with the
change in temperature.
(d) psolute  psolvent
0
 xsolvent
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct
26. Which one of the following pairs will form an ideal statements, and Reason (R) is the correct
solution? explanation of Assertion (A).
(a) Chloroform and acetone (b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct
(b) Ethanol and acetone statements, but Reason (R) is not the correct
(c) n-Hexane and n-heptane explanation of Assertion (A).
(d) Phenol and aniline (c) Assertion (A) is correct, but Reason (R) is incorrect
27. On mixing 20 mL of acetone with 30 mL of statement.
chloroform, the total volume of the solution is (d) Assertion (A) is incorrect, but Reason (R) is correct
[Term I, 2021 – 22] statement. [2020C]
(a) < 50 mL (b) = 50 mL 34. Assertion (A): Elevation in boiling point is a
(c) > 50 mL (d) = 10 mL colligative property.
28. An azeotropic solution of two liquids has a boiling Reason (R) : Elevation in boiling point is directly
point lower than either of the two when it proportional to molarity.
(a) shows a positive deviation from Raoult's law (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct
(b) shows a negative deviation from Raoult's law statements, and Reason (R) is the correct
(c) shows no deviation from Raoult's law explanation of the Assertion (A).
(d) is saturated. [Term I, 2021 – 22] (b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct
29. The boiling point of a 0.2 m solution of a non- statements, but Reason (R) is not the correct
electrolyte in water is [Term I, 2021 – explanation of the Assertion (A).
22] (c) Assertion (A) is correct, but Reason (R) is wrong
(a) 1000C (b) 100.520C statement.
(c) 100.1040C (d) 100.260C (d) Assertion (A) is wrong, but Reason (R) is correct
30. In the following diagram point ‘X’ represents statement.
[Term I, 2021 – 22] 35. Assertion(A): A raw mango placed in saline
(a) Boiling point of solution solution loses water and shrivel into pickle.
(b) Freezing point of solvent Reason (R): Through the process of reverse osmosis
(c) Boiling point of solvent. raw mango shrivel into pickle.
(d) Freezing point of solution.

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(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct molecules through the porous membrane from a
statements, and Reason (R) is the correct dilute solution to a more concentrated one. The
explanation of the Assertion (A). osmotic pressureπ depends on molar
concentration of the solution (π = CRT). If two
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct
solutions are of equal solute concentration and,
statements, but Reason (R) is not the correct hence, have the same osmotic pressure, they are
explanation of the Assertion (A). said to be isotonic. If two solutions are of unequal
(c) Assertion (A) is correct, but Reason (R) is incorrect osmotic pressures, the more concentrated solution
statement. is said to be hypertonic and the more diluted
(d) Assertion (A) is incorrect, but Reason (R) is correct solution is described as hypotonic.
statement. Osmosis is the major mechanism, for transporting
water upward in the plants. Transpiration is the
36. Assertion (A): Osmotic pressure is a colligative
leaves supports the transport mechanism of water.
property. The osmotic pressure of seawater is about 30 atm;
Reason (R): Osmotic pressure is directly proportional to this is the pressure that must be applied to the
molarity. seawater (separated from pure water using a semi -
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct permeable membrane) to get drinking water.
statements, and Reason (R) is the correct Answer the following questions:
explanation of the Assertion (A). a. What will happen if a plant cell kept in a
hypertonic
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct
solution?
statements, but Reason (R) is not the correct
b. Glucose solution to be injected into the
explanation of the Assertion (A). bloodstream must have same as that of the
(c) Assertion (A) is correct, but Reason (R) is incorrect bloodstream.
statement. c. What are the factors on which osmotic rise of a
(d) Assertion (A) is incorrect, but Reason (R) is correct solution depends?
statement. [2020] d. What type of solution has the same molarity?
e. Which mechanisms helps in the transportation of
Directions : In the following questions, a statement of water in a plant?
assertion is followed by a statement of reason.
Mark the correct choice as: 41. The properties of the solutions which depend only
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is on the number of solute particles but not on the
the correct explanation of assertion. nature of the solute are called colligative
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is properties. Relative lowering in vapour pressure is
not the correct explanation of assertion. also an example of colligative properties. For an
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false. experiment, sugar solution is prepared for which
(d) If both assertion and reason are false. lowering in vapour pressure was found to be 0.061
mm of Hg. (Vapour pressure of water at 20o C is
37. Assertion: The first part of the dicot embryo to 17.5 mm of Hg.)
appear above ground is the leaf. a. Mole fraction of sugar in the solution is:
Reason: Leaves increase the size of plants. a) 0.061 b) 0.00348
38. Assertion: Insects visit flowers to gather honey. c) 1.75 d) 0.9965
Reason: Attraction of flowers prevents the insects b. If the weight of sugar taken is 5 g in 108g of water
from damaging the parts. then molar mass of sugar will be:
39. Assertion-The embryo with 8 to 16 blastomeres is a) 358 b) 400
called a morula. c) 120 d) 240
Reason-The morula continuously divides to c. The vapour pressure (mm of Hg) of water at 293 K
transform into trophoblast. when 25 g of glucose is dissolved in 450 g of water is:
a) 17.02 b) 17.2
Case Study c) 17.4 d) 17.120

40. Many chemical and biological processes depend on

osmosis, the selective passage of solvent

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Question
42. What type of azeotropic mixture will be formed by a solution of acetone and chloroform? Justify on the basis of
strength of intermolecular interactions that develop in the solution.

43. Give reasons for the following : (a) Measurement of osmotic pressure method is preferred for the
determination of molar masses of macromolecules such as proteins and polymers. (b) Elevation of boiling
point of 1 M KC1 solution is nearly double than that of 1 M sugar solution.

44. 51. Blood cells are isotonic with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. What happens if we place blood cells in a
solution containing (i) 1.2% sodium chloride solution? (ii) 0.4% sodium chloride solution?
45. Define the following term: Mole fraction

46. Some liquids on mixing form ‘azeotropes’. What are ‘azeotropes’?

OR
Define the following term: Azeotrope

47. Nalorphine (𝐶19 𝐻21 𝑁𝑂3 ) ,Similar to morphine is used to combat withdrawal symptoms in narcotic users
.dose of nalorphine generally given is 1.5 mg .Calculate the mass of 1.5 × 10−3 in aqueous solution required
for the above dose

48. Derive an equation to express that relative lowering of vapour pressure for a solution is equal to the mole
fraction of the solute in it when the solvent alone is volatile.
49. Blood cells are isotonic with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. What happens if we place blood cells in a solution
containing
(i) 1.2% sodium chloride solution?
(ii) 0.4% sodium chloride solution?
[2/5, Delhi 2016]

50. Non-ideal solutions exhibit either positive or negative deviations from Raoult’s law. What are these
deviations and why are they caused? explain with one example for each type.

51. Calculate the mass percentage of aspirin (𝐶9 𝐻8 𝑂4 ) in acetonitrile (𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑁) when 6.5 𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝐶9 𝐻8 𝑂4 is
dissolved in 450 g of 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑁.

52. An antifreeze solution is prepared from 222.6 g of ethylene glycol, 𝐶2 𝐻4 (𝑂𝐻)2 and 200 g of water Calculate
the molality of the solution. If the density of the solution is 1.072 g 𝑚𝐿−1, then what shall be the molarity of
the solution?

53. Henry’s law constant for the molality of methane in benzene at 298 K is 4.27 × 105 mm hg. Calculate the
solubility of methane in benzene at 298 K under 760 mm Hg.

54. What is van’t Hoff factor? What types of values can it have if in forming the solution the solute molecules
undergo
(i) van’t Hoff factor (i) > 1 for solutes undergoing dissociation
(ii) van’t Hoff factor (i) < 1 for solutes undergoing association

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55. Give Reason:
Aquatic Species are more comfortable in cold water than warm water
If 𝑁2 gas is bubbled through water at 293 K ,how many millimoles of nitrogen gas would dissolve in 1 litres
of water .Assume that nitrogen exert a partial pressure of 0.987 bar .Given the Henry’s law constant for
nitrogen at 293 K is 76.48k

56. Some ethylene glycol, HOCH2CH2OH, is added to your car’s cooling system along with 5 kg of water. If the
freezing point of water – glycol solution is -15.00C, what is the boiling point of the solution?
(Kb = 0.52 K kg mol-1 and Kf = 1.86 K kg mol-1).

57. Heptane and octane form an ideal solution. At 373 K, the vapour pressures of the two liquid components are
105.2 kPa and 46.8 kPa, respectively. What will be the vapour pressure of a mixture of 26.0 g of heptane and
35.0 g of octane?

58. Henry’s law constant for 𝐶𝑂2 in water is 1.67 × 108 𝑃𝑎 at 298 K .Calculate the quantity of 𝐶𝑂2 in 500 ml of soda
water when packed under 2.5 atm 𝐶𝑂2 pressure at 298 K

59. In non-ideal solution, what type of deviation shows the formation of minimum boiling azeotropes?

60. Calculate the freezing point depression expected for 0.0711 m aqueous solution of 𝑁𝑎2 𝑆𝑂4 . If this solution
actually freezes at – 0.320𝑜 C, what would be the value of van’t Hoff factor? (𝐾𝑓 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 1.86 𝐾 𝑘𝑔 𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1 ).

61. State Raoult’s law for the solution containing volatile components.

62. Define molal elevation constant or ebullioscopic constant

63. 𝐻2 𝑆, a toxic gas with rotten egg-like smell, is used for qualitative analysis. If the solubility of𝐻2 𝑆 in water a STP
is 0.195 m, calculate Henry’s law constant.

64. (i) Out of 1 M glucose and 2 M glucose, which one has a higher boiling point and why?
(ii) What happens when the external pressure applied becomes more than the osmotic pressure of solution?

65. Calculate the mass of Ascorbic acid(Vitamin C , 𝐶6 𝐻8 𝑂6 ) to be dissolved in 75 g of acetic acid to lower its melting
point by 1.5 ℃ 𝐾𝑓 = 3.9𝐾𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1

66. Calculate the depression in the freezing point of water when 10 g of 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝐻2 𝐶𝐻𝐶𝐼𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 is added to 250 g of
water; 𝐾𝑎 = 1.4 × 10−3 , 𝐾𝑓 = 1.86𝐾 𝑘𝑔 𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1.

67. (a) State Henry's law and mention its two applications.
(b) 5% aqueous solution of a non-volatile solute was made and its vapour pressure at 373 K was found to be
745 mm. Vapour pressure of pure water at this temperature was 760 mm. Calculate the molar mass of solute.

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 68. A 10 % solution (by mass) of sucrose in water has a freezing point of 269.15 K. Calculate the freezing point of
10 % glucose in water if the freezing point of pure water is 273.15 K Molar mass of sucrose =342 g𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1
molar mass of Glucose =180 g𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1

69. At 300 K , 36 g of glucose present in a litre of its solution has an osmotic pressure of 4.98 bar .If the osmotic
pressure of the solution is 1.52 bars at the same temperature , what would be its concentration?

70. Define azeotropes. What type of azeotrope is formed by negative deviation from Raoult’s law? Give an
example.

71. Nisha took two aqueous solutions - one containing 7.5 g of urea (Molar mass = 60 g/mol) and the other
containing 42.75 g of substance Z in 100 g of water, respectively. It was observed that both the solutions froze at
the same temperature. Calculate the molar mass of Z.

72. Calculate the amount of 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 (Molar masss=-111 g𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1) which must be added to 500 g of water to added to
500 g of water to lower its freezing point by 2K , assuming 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 is completely dissociated .(𝐾𝑓 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 =
1.86 𝐾 𝐾𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1

73. A 10% solution (by mass) of sucrose in water has freezing point of 269.15 K. Calculate the freezing point of 10%
glucose in water, if freezing point of pure water is 273.15 K. (Given : Molar mass of sucrose = 342 g 𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1molar
mass of glucose = 180 g 𝑚𝑜𝑙 −1)

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