Reviewer on FOLLOWERSHIP

Introduction to Followership
 Followership is essential in organizations, yet often overshadowed by leadership.
 Effective followers play vital roles by supporting causes, ideas, and objectives,
sometimes even more effectively than leaders.
Types of Followers
 Dedicated Followers: Those who choose followership as their primary role and find
satisfaction in supporting a larger mission.
 Situational Followers: Individuals who may lead in some settings but adopt the follower
role when it aligns with a particular context.
 Both types value followership as a legitimate and virtuous role.

Essential Qualities of Effective Followers

1. Self-Management
o Think independently, exercise control, and perform without close supervision.
o Leaders can delegate tasks to them safely, knowing they’ll anticipate needs within
their authority.
o See themselves as equals of leaders in terms of influence, avoiding a subservient
mindset.
o Self-managed followers reduce organizational costs by lessening the need for
extensive supervision, which also boosts morale.
2. Commitment
o Effective followers are dedicated to a cause, organization, or idea beyond
personal interests.
o Commitment is powerful and can be contagious but needs alignment with
organizational goals to prevent discord.
o Followers with misaligned goals can create issues, even potentially undermining
leadership.
3. Competence and Focus
o Effective followers possess strong skills that benefit their organization.
o They set high performance standards, often exceeding expectations, and
continuously engage in self-improvement.
o Tend to view coworkers as collaborators rather than competitors, fostering a
cooperative work environment.
4. Courage
o Effective followers demonstrate credibility, honesty, and courage.
o They are independent thinkers, reliable, and capable of constructive criticism.
o They own their actions, admit mistakes, share successes, and uphold ethical
standards.

Cultivating Effective Followers

Organizations can take steps to develop effective followers, as these traits mirror those of
effective leaders. By fostering initiative, self-control, commitment, talent, honesty, credibility,
and courage among followers, organizations can build a foundation for success.
Conclusion
 Followership is a cornerstone of organizational success, with qualities that often overlap
with leadership.
 By nurturing effective followership, organizations can achieve a balanced and supportive
workforce capable of meeting collective goals.
REVIEWER FOR MILLITARY COURTESY AND DISCIPLINE
Introduction
Courtesy in the Armed Forces is essential for maintaining discipline. Military courtesy, like
civilian courtesy, involves good manners and respect but is shaped by the military environment.
For example, soldiers address superiors as “sir” or “ma’am,” similar to how respect is shown in
civilian life. Military courtesy has become integral to serving in uniform, as it fosters respect and
strong relationships within the ranks.
Key Terms
 Military Courtesy: A show of respect and professionalism between ranks, including acts and
ceremonial practices, showing respect for others’ rights.
 Discipline: The combination of values, skills, and behavior that encourages soldiers to uphold
military standards willingly, even without direct orders.
 Military Discipline: A state of order that requires subordination of personal will for the benefit
of the group, aiming for consistent and reasoned obedience.
Hand Salute
The salute is a key form of military courtesy, symbolizing respect and trust among soldiers.
Historically, it evolved as a gesture to show one was unarmed. Today, it signifies commitment to
duty and mutual respect. A well-executed salute reflects a soldier’s pride and respect for their
responsibilities.
Saluting Procedure: With headgear, raise the right hand to the brow; without headgear, follow
the same movement to the eyebrow. Fingers should be straight, forming a line from elbow to
fingertip. Salute all senior officers unless impractical (e.g., indoors, when working).

When to Salute
 National anthem, flag raising, ceremonial occasions, and while reporting.
 Do not salute when indoors (unless reporting), in combat, in civilian attire, or when it’s
impractical.
Courtesy with Officers and Senior NCOs
 Stand at attention when speaking with superiors.
 Salute upon dismissal or departure of officers.
 Address NCOs with appropriate titles and offer respectful greetings.
National Flag Protocol
The flag is a symbol of the nation, displayed from reveille to retreat. During flag ceremonies,
stand at attention and salute. Civilians place their right hand over their heart. These honors also
apply to foreign national anthems during ceremonies.
Titles and Forms of Address
 Commissioned Officers: Address by rank, with “Ma’am” for females.
  Cadets: Address as “Cadet.”
 Non-Commissioned Officers: Address by rank, such as “Sergeant Major” or “Corporal.”
 Retired Personnel: May use their titles socially and professionally, with some limitations.
General Courtesy and Discipline
 Being punctual shows respect.
 Military personnel should conduct themselves with dignity.
 Address others formally, avoiding first names or nicknames in formal settings
MILITARY TITLES

Military Customs and Traditions Reviewer

Core Values of the Military:
1. Valor: Courage and bravery in the face of danger or enemies.
2. Honor: Respect earned through good deeds and exemplary behavior.
3. Duty: Responsibility and self-sacrifice for public service.
4. Loyalty: Obedience to laws, the Constitution, and lawful superiors.
5. Solidarity: Unity and teamwork among all AFP members to accomplish missions.

National Colors and Anthem:

 Philippine Flag: Represents democratic ideals and honors sacrifices for independence.
o Salute during ceremonies and when passing in parades.
o Dispose of tattered flags by burying them respectfully.
 National Anthem: Show respect by standing and saluting toward the music source.

Military Seniority and Protocols:

 Ranks: Officers are senior to enlisted personnel; higher-ranking NCOs are respected accordingly.
 RHIP (Rank Has Its Privileges):
o Salute: Render respectfully to officers and NCOs.
o Titles: Use “Sir,” “Ma’am,” or rank-appropriate addresses.
o Position of Honor: Stand or sit to the left of senior officers.
o Commands: Follow a commander’s expressed wishes as orders.
NCO Ranks and Addressing Protocol:
 Technical Sergeants: Address as “Tech”; “Master” for Senior/Master Sergeants.
 Privates and Specialists: May be addressed as “Warrior,” “Trooper,” or “Sarge.”
 First Names: Used only among peers or juniors, never for superiors.

Traditions in Ceremonies:
 Funerals: Military funeral honors include “Taps” and flag presentation to the deceased’s family.
 Military Weddings:
o Background Investigation (BI): Required for soldiers marrying, for security
considerations.
o Draw Swords Ceremony: A traditional sword arch at military weddings.

Visitations and Socials:

 Hospital and Field Visits: Show support for military personnel.
 Unit Anniversaries and Happy Hours: Bonding events that foster camaraderie.

Military Honors and Parades:

 Parades: Held to honor high-ranking officials and showcase military discipline.
 Full Complement Honors: Gun salutes, music, and unit formations for dignitaries.
 Sideboys and Plane Side Honors: Special ceremonies for welcoming high-ranking officials and
dignitaries.
APF Core Values Reviewer
1. Honor
o The most essential virtue for a soldier, seen as even more valuable than life. Honor
involves integrity, truthfulness, sincerity, and a commitment to ethical codes. A soldier
with honor is dignified, honest, and morally upright.
2. Loyalty
o Unwavering commitment to the national interest and the Constitution. Soldiers must
obey orders, support leaders, and prioritize the well-being and security of the country.
3. Valor
o A combination of courage, strength, and the will to overcome fear. Valor involves
bravery, calmness, and the strength to stand for what is right, even in dangerous
situations.
4. Duty
o Soldiers perform tasks with responsibility, discipline, and obedience, even in the face of
difficulty and danger. Duty is fulfilling assignments to the best of one's ability.
5. Solidarity
o The bond that unites soldiers, fostering a sense of unity and strength within the
organization.
AFP Organizational Principles
1. The AFP Organization
o The AFP must function effectively, avoid duplication, and support national defense,
particularly in emergencies. Reforms include creating auxiliary and volunteer groups to
enhance the AFP’s capability.
 2. Supremacy of Civilian Authority
o Soldiers must obey laws and directives from the civilian government, respecting civilian
authority as paramount.
3. Chain of Command
o Orders are passed through each level of command from lowest to highest without
bypassing any authority.
4. Military Leadership
o Leaders in the AFP must inspire and guide their units to complete missions and fulfill
their roles.
5. People’s Support
o Respect and protect civilians’ rights. Soldiers need public support for peace and order,
so they must exercise justice in their interactions with the public.
6. National Development
o The AFP should actively support national progress and serve as a catalyst for positive
change.
7. Partisan Politics
o Soldiers should refrain from political involvement, except voting, to ensure impartiality
and integrity.
8. Democracy
o The AFP supports democratic principles, valuing the government as the voice of the
people.
9. National Interest
o Protecting the national interest is central to the AFP’s mission, as it reflects the common
good.
10. Peace
o Peace and order are essential for development; the AFP aims to maintain stability.
11. War
o War is a last resort, used only when all peaceful means to resolve conflicts have failed.
12. Use of Armed Force
o Force must be used responsibly, with restraint, and authorized by the government.
13. Social Justice
o The AFP promotes equality, upholding every citizen's rights and opportunities.
14. Human Rights
o Soldiers respect individual rights and protect civilians’ lives and property.
15. Enemy of the State
o Enemies include foreign aggressors, insurgents, separatists, criminals, and groups
undermining national unity.
Professional Standards and Conduct
1. Professionalism
o Military professionalism involves competence, integrity, and strict adherence to ethical
standards, ensuring public safety.
2. Standard of Loyalty
o Absolute loyalty to the Republic, Constitution, AFP, and the people.
3. Standard of Competence
 o Soldiers must be skilled and able to perform duties effectively.
4. Standard of Ethics
o Soldiers should follow societal principles of right conduct, respecting both military and
civilian standards.
5. Standard of Morals
o Soldiers distinguish right from wrong, doing the right thing and avoiding wrong actions.
6. Unprofessional Acts
o Disloyalty, incompetence, unethical behaviors, and corrupt acts fall short of the AFP’s
professional standards. Examples include desertion, disrespect to superiors,
incompetence in duty, misuse of authority, and dishonesty.