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Geogebra Tutorial: Drawing Patterns

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40 views7 pages

Geogebra Tutorial: Drawing Patterns

Uploaded by

qwertymnbv
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Learning How to Use Geogebra and Using Geogebra to make Patterns

Part 1.

Learning Objectives

To open Geogebra
To have a graph paper or a plain drawing pad.
To draw polygons
To draw circles
To draw line segments
To reflect objects in a mirror line
To move and remove objects.

Geogebra is a drawing package. You launch Geogebra by double clicking the short cut on
your desktop.

This opens up the package.

For now we do not need everything we see.

Click on the x in the left hand box to close the left hand box.
Click the View menu at the top, uncheck Axes and check Grid. See how the drawing pad
changes when you do this.

Click on Options at the top, and then on Labelling, now check “No new objects”

To start with make sure you have a drawing pad with a grid on it, but no axes.
The tool icons across the top are the tools we use to draw objects. There are 10 icons. As
you click on each icon the text at the right hand end tells you what this icon does

The right hand one allows you to drag the pad to place your object where you want it.

The fifth one along draws a polygon.

Use this to draw a polygon with 4 sides. Click on the drawing pad in three places and then on
the first one again to finish the polygon. To remove the polygon use the Edit menu at the top
and “Undo”.

Try drawing several other polygons.


Use the grid and the polygon tool to draw a square.
When you have drawn a polygon use the Undo command to remove it.

In the bottom right hand corner of this polygon icon is a white arrow. Click on this and you
can now change the icon to regular polygon remove it by using the “Undo” command from
the Edit Menu.

This tool bar draw a line. Just click on two different places on the drawing pad and a line is
drawn through these points.

In the bottom right hand corner of this tool there is a white arrow. Click this and then select
the tool that draws a line segment.

Draw a line segment between any two points on the drawing pad. Notice that this line only
goes between the points.

Use this tool to draw a circle. Your first click on the drawing pad selects the centre, and the
second a point on the circumference.
The Arrow tool allows you to select and drag objects. Draw a circle and then use the Arrow
tool to move the centre or the point on the circumference around and see what happens.

Before we start to draw some complicated shapes make sure you have achieved these
learning objectives.

To open Geogebra
To have a graph paper or a plain drawing pad.
To draw polygons
To draw circles
To draw line segments

Islamic Patterns.

Islam art often consists of complex patterns repeated over and over again. The mathematical term
for this is tessellation. Here are some examples.

One common pattern is the Maze.

Learning Objectives

To use Geogebra to draw complicated patterns


To extend the patterns outwards
To be able to use more tools in Geogebra
To be able to export a drawing to a Word Document
To identify geometric properties on a pattern

Use Geogebra with a grid drawing pad to draw this, using the following steps.
Steps

Draw a square with the polygon tool and then the diagonals with the line segment tool.
Draw a circle inside the square with the centre at the middle of the square
Draw two line segments vertically and horizontally to join the points where the circle
touiches the square
Draw a four line segements to join the points up.
Draw four more line segments to join the points up where the circle intersects the diagonals.

To extend this pattern across the page we use the reflection tool

When you have select this tool click the mouse outside the 8 star and drag across so you have all the
8 star. Then use the mouse to click on one right hand side of the square. The 8 star is then reflected
in this line.

Your diagram should look like this

Repeat this process using the mirror tool. Select


all the object and choose another mirror line.
Keep going until you have at least 9 squares in a
3x3 grid.

There are some more tools that you can use as the diagram grows. They are available by using the
white arrow at the bottom right of the right hand icon.

This tool allows you to move the object so it is in the middle of the drawing pad.
This allows you to zoom in by clicking on the drawing pad.

This allows you to zoom out.

Use the mouse to drag across an unwanted object and delete it.

One final useful tool from the menu bar:

File > Export > Drawing pad to Clipboard.

Use this and you can then open a Word Document and paste the finished design into the Document.

Use this process to copy and paste your finished 9 8 star diagram into Word four times. Write your
name at the top of the document, save it to a folder, and print it.

When you have printed it you should use this document to do the following:

On one diagram draw one axis of symmetry.


On a second diagram outline a parallelogram
On a third diagram outline an octagon
On the fourth diagram outline an equilateral triangle.

Hand this document in as the first completed part of your assignment.

Congratulations you have finished the first part of your assignment


Part 2.

To use Geogebra to construct different Islamic Patterns.

These diagrams show how you can construct two more important Islamic patterns.

Choose one pattern


Use Geogebra to construct the pattern
Use Geogebra to extend the pattern outwards until you have at least 9 patters in a 3x3 grid.
Export the finished diagram to Word, and produce a document with 4 copies of your pattern
in it.
Print this document
On one diagram draw one axis of symmetry.
On a second diagram outline a parallelogram
On a third diagram outline an octagon
On the fourth diagram outline an equilateral triangle.

Hand the competed document in, with your name on it.

Congratulations: you have finished the second part of your assignment.


Part 3

Learning Objective

To create your own pattern, extend it outward and identify the geometric properties of
the pattern.
To experiment with Geogebra and learn how to use more tools.

For this last assignment you have to create your own pattern. You are free to use your imagination
and to experiment with the other tools that Geogebra has to complete the assignment.

You should

Create your own pattern and extend it outwards to at least 9 patterns in a 3x3 grid.
Copy the final pattern four times into a Word document.
Print the document
Use the four diagrams to identify at least 4 different geometric properties of your pattern. At
least one of these must by a symmetry, and at least. one must be a regular shape.
Hand in the completed document.

Congratulations you have finished your assignment for internal assessment.

Common questions

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Students may face challenges such as understanding the tool interface, aligning shapes precisely, and managing complex reflections when creating patterns in Geogebra. These can be addressed by providing initial tutorials to familiarize students with the interface, incorporating grid usage for better alignment, and having guided practice sessions to tackle specific actions like reflection. Providing step-by-step instructions or checklists can also help ensure students follow necessary procedures accurately. Further, peer collaboration can serve as a method to share strategies and overcome individual difficulties .

Geogebra helps users visualize and manipulate geometric properties through its graphical interface that allows users to draw, move, reflect, and rotate shapes easily. This visual interaction lets users explore symmetry by drawing and reflecting patterns, ensuring parts fit together harmoniously. Users can identify regular shapes within patterns by using tools to outline and measure these forms on the drawing pad. For instance, identifying axes of symmetry and regular polygons such as octagons, parallelograms, and equilateral triangles within a pattern is made easier through these tools .

Grids in Geogebra provide a reference framework that enhances precision by aligning points and shapes precisely along the lines and intersections. They are crucial in drawing polygons and ensuring symmetry and proportionality in complex patterns. Grids also facilitate accurate measurement and division of spaces, which is essential in constructing and replicating geometric designs accurately, ensuring each shape fits together seamlessly in the pattern's overall structure .

Students can ensure their Geogebra-created documents meet all requirements by first thoroughly understanding the assignment criteria and incorporating the specified number of geometric properties. They should plan their design, using tools to draw and manipulate each shape and perform checks for properties such as symmetry and regularity. Utilizing Geogebra's functionality, such as the measure tool, can confirm dimensions and angles, ensuring correct alignment and size. Finally, verifying completion through a checklist can help identify any missing elements before submission .

Exporting Geogebra drawings involves selecting 'File > Export > Drawing pad to Clipboard' to copy the completed design. The design can then be pasted into external documents such as Word, allowing students to incorporate their work into homework assignments or presentations. This process is educationally advantageous as it enables students to document and share their learning process, facilitates peer review, and enhances digital literacy by familiarizing students with transferring work between different software environments, which is an essential skill in many academic and professional contexts .

The reflection tool in Geogebra is pivotal for expanding patterns and exploring symmetry because it allows users to replicate and develop parts of patterns across designated mirror lines. This capability is essential in tessellation, where a motif is repeated without gaps. By reflecting shapes over multiple axes, students can create intricate designs where symmetry can be analyzed in terms of balanced repetition and proportionality. The reflection tool thus facilitates both aesthetic pattern creation and the mathematical study of symmetrical properties, enhancing the learning experience .

Geogebra facilitates the construction and extension of Islamic patterns by providing tools to draw basic shapes like squares, circles, and line segments, which are the building blocks for more complex patterns. Steps involved include drawing a square using the polygon tool, adding diagonals with the line segment tool, inscribing a circle inside the square, and using line segments to connect intersecting points on the circle and square. The reflection tool is then used to extend the pattern by mirroring it across selected lines, which allows for repetition over a larger area, such as a 3x3 grid .

Geogebra can be used to teach geometric properties like parallax congruence and rotational symmetry through interactive activities. Educators can guide students to create base geometric shapes and manipulate them by using reflection and rotation tools to explore these properties. For instance, students can draw an equilateral triangle and rotate it around its center to observe rotational symmetry at specific intervals. Similarly, by reflecting patterns across multiple axes, students can explore concepts of congruence and spatial orientation, understanding how geometric transformations preserve certain properties .

Tessellation is significant in Islamic art as it involves repetitive, interlocking patterns that symbolize infinity and the underlying order of the universe. Geogebra supports the creation of tessellated patterns by enabling precise drawing and manipulation of geometric shapes. Its tools allow users to replicate and reflect basic shapes into complex, repeating patterns. For example, reflecting a base pattern across different lines using the mirror tool can create a tessellated design, exemplifying the infinite repetition seen in Islamic art .

Crafting unique patterns with Geogebra fosters creativity by encouraging students to explore various geometric transformations and combinations, leading them to innovate beyond standard designs. This exploration helps deepen understanding as students apply concepts such as symmetry, translation, reflection, and tessellation creatively. The freedom to experiment with different tools and shapes without constraint enhances problem-solving skills and conceptual insight, as students must continuously assess how each shape and line interacts within a design .

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