Newton’s Second Law of Motion
Newton’s First Law of Motion
The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net
Every object continues in its state of rest, or of
force acting on it, and inversely proportional to the object’s mass.
uniform velocity, as long as no net force acts on it
The direction of acceleration is in the direction of the net force
acting on the body.
The tendency of a body to resist a change in its
motion is called inertia. Mass is a measure of the
inertia of the body.
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
Whenever an object exerts a force on a second
object, the second object exerts on the first object an
equal force in the opposite direction of the first.
equation for motion of a pulley
The direction of the velocity vector and that of the acceleration are continually changing in
direction,but are perpendicular to each other at each moment.
If only conservative forces are doing work, the total mechanical energy of a system neither increases nor
decreases in any process. It stays constant—it is conserved.
angular momentum = M x R x V
angular momentum = (obcjshape)inertia x angular velocity
the angular momentum
about some point O is
beam exerts a force to compress (or expand) it, keeping it at its original length.
Avogadro stated that equal volumes of gas
at the same pressure and temperature
contain equal numbers of molecules.
takes into account the finite volume of
molecules, and the attractive forces
between molecules,
triple point of a substance is that
unique temperature and pressure at
which all three phase s - solid, liquid
and gas - can coexist in equilibrium
Boltzmann constant.
the transfer of energy from one object to another because of a
difference in temperature.
amount of heat that is necessary to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1°C.
Temperature (in kelvins) is a measure of the average kinetic energy of individual molecules.
Internal energy refers to the total energy of all the molecules within the object.
transfer of energy from one object to another because of a difference in temperature.
specific heat, c, of a substance is defined as the energy (or heat) required to change the temperature of
a substance with mass = 1kg by 1°C
the transfer of energy from one object to another
because of a difference in temperature