D.Y.
PATIL TECHNICAL CAMPUS FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND
FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT, TALSANDE.
A Micro Project Report On
“Report On Ineffective Environmental Law and Policy”
Submitted by
Name Seat no Enrollment number
Sanskar Kulkarni 3216 2112200051
Guided By
Ms. Gurav.J.N
D.Y. PATIL TECHNICAL CAMPUS FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
ANDFACULTY OF MANAGEMENT, TALSANDE.
Department Of Computer Engineering
SEMESTER 5
Certificate
This is Certificate that computer engineering has successfully completed the
project work “Ineffective Environmental Law and Policy” impartial
fulfilment of diploma of engineering in computer as laid down during academic year.
Candidate Name Seat no Enrollment number
Sanskar Kulkarni 3216 2112200051
Place: Talsande
Ms. Gurav J.N [Link]
Project Guide H.o.D
[Link]
Principal
Index
[Link] Title Page No.
I Introduction and 4
Criteria
II Environmental policy 5
and Effect
III Pollution Control and 6
Sustainability
IV Protect Environment 7
V Conclusion 8
VI Reference 9
Ineffective Environmental law and policy
What is Ineffective environmental Law and Policy-
An economic perspective can provide clarity regarding the causes and consequences of
environmental degradation, and thereby provide insights regarding public policies intended to
protect the environment. This is true both with regard to normative and positive assessments
of environmental policies. Despite this value, an economic perspective is by no means a
perfect substitute for other legitimate perspectives on environmental law and policy, whether
from the natural sciences, from ethics, or from other disciplines. Rather, an economic
perspective is a valuable complement to such views. Indeed, over the past several decades, as
the attention given to environmental issues in the United States has grown, greater
consideration has also been given to the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and distributional
equity of laws and regulations intended to protect the environment.1 In an effort to be
rigorous in our review while keeping the treatment to reasonable length, we have imposed
limits on the scope of our coverage. First, we focus on pollution control, and do not consider
natural resource management, despite the fact that these two areas are closely related.
Second, we concentrate our attention on environmental protection efforts at the federal level
in the United States, and do not examine state, local, or international regulatory efforts. We
begin with the core question of whether and why environmental regulation is needed,
considering the fact that under many conditions unconstrained markets produce socially
desirable outcomes.
Criteria for Environmental Policy Evaluation-
More than 100 years ago, Vilfredo Pareto enunciated the well-known normative criterion for
judging whether a social change — possibly induced by public policy — makes the world
better off: a change is Pareto efficient if at least one person is made better off, and no one is
made worse off (1896). This criterion has considerable normative appeal, but virtually no
public policies meet the test of being true Pareto improvements, since there are inevitably
some in society who are made worse off by any conceivable change. Nearly fifty years later,
Nicholas Kaldor (1939) and John Hicks (1939) postulated a more pragmatic criterion that
seeks to identify “potential Pareto improvements:” a change is defined as welfare-improving
if those who gain from the change could — in principle — fully compensate the losers, with
(at least) one gainer still being better off. The Kaldor-Hick’s criterion — a test of whether
total social benefits exceed total social costs — is the theoretical foundation for the use of the
analytical device known as benefit-cost (or net present value) analysis. Neither the Pareto
efficiency criterion nor the Kaldor-Hick’s criterion calls for support for any policy for which
benefits are greater than costs. Rather, the key is to identify the policy for which the positive
difference between benefits and costs is greatest; otherwise, it would be possible to identify
another policy that would represent a further (potential) Pareto improvement.
[Link] Technical campus faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Mangement,
Talsande. (Polytechnic Wing) 1
Ineffective Environmental law and policy
In the 1970s, the United States government enacted three major environmental laws: the
Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, and the Toxic Substances Control Act. Elected
representatives passed this environmental legislation to increase regulations regarding air,
water, and toxic substances.
Effect Of environmental Policy-
Environmental policies can increase environmental sustainability when implemented. The
article," British Columbia's revenue-neutral carbon tax: A review of the latest 'grand
experiment' in environmental policy" states that in 2012 the effect of the gasoline sales tax in
British Columbia caused a reduction in gasoline sales of 11% to 17%. What is obtained from
this information is that people are willing to find alternatives in transportation in save money.
This could mean that the implementation of stricter environmental policies, could draw
higher percentages of sustainability.
Environmental policies promote can promote innovation in many different ways. The text,"
Content analysis of China's environmental policy instruments on promoting firms'
environmental innovation", China's environmental policy form promoted innovation through
notices, measures, 'opinions', 'law', regulations, announcements, decisions, regulations, and
rules. Pushing environmental policies in such ways can reach a population in many different
ways. Like opinions brings the public voice into the matter, but regulation sets a standard for
what needs to be done.
[Link] Technical campus faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Mangement,
Talsande. (Polytechnic Wing) 2
Ineffective Environmental law and policy
Pollution Control-
Air Control
Water Control
Waste Management
Containment Cleanup
Chemical Safety
Enviromental Law-
Environmental laws are laws that protect the environment. Environmental law is the
collection of laws, regulations, agreements and common law that governs how humans
interact with their environment. This includes environmental regulations; laws governing
management of natural resources, such as forests, minerals, or fisheries; and related topics
such as environmental impact assessments. Environmental law is seen as the body of laws
concerned with the protection of living things (human beings inclusive) from the harm that
human activity may immediately or eventually cause to them or their species, either directly
or to the media and the habits on which they depend.
Resource Sustainability-
Impact Assessment
Water resources
Mineral Resources
Forest Resources
[Link] Technical campus faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Mangement,
Talsande. (Polytechnic Wing) 3
Ineffective Environmental law and policy
How to protect the Enviroment-
Everyone understands the need to protect the environment in daily life for a better future.
This way we can pass on a healthier planet to the coming generations. Green planet and
surroundings without pollution are a must. It is much needed for living a life without any
diseases. Also, only a protected environment can provide us with the right resources and
places for happy living.
Tips-
Recycle and reuse most of the things. Avoid throwing out reusable
waste into the garbage; This will save the space of dumping waste into
the lands and improve soil quality. The old things can be used to make
new toys or jewellery. By thinking a little creatively, anyone can make
wealth out of waste.
Plastic bags should be avoided most of the time. Using reusable and
washable bags must be in practice. Plastic bags take a lot of time to
decompose; This will affect most animals’ and fishes’ lives when they
accidentally eat plastic bags.
If several things cannot be reused, upcycling or recycling them is the
best way. Know which items can be recycled and throw them in the bin
accordingly. The recycling unit to which the garbage is carried will do
the work of recycling perfectly.
Plastic bottles also cause harm to our health by releasing toxic
chemicals into the drinking water after using the same bottle for a long
time. Switching to steel or glass bottles will be a good idea.
Another way to keep the environment pollution-free is using cloth bags
for any needs; This will be an alternative for single-use plastic bags.
Cloth bags can be used for a long time, and further, they are
degradable. Beverage consumption can also be done in reusable
containers. One-use containers will only pollute the surroundings.
Having sustainable food for eating is one way to protect our
environment. Smart seafood choices will help in saving the
environment by causing no harm to the environment.
Ineffective Environmental law and policy
[Link] Technical campus faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Mangement,
Talsande. (Polytechnic Wing) 4
Ineffective Environmental law and policy
Conclusion-
Environmental conservation is crucial for the health and well-being of both humans and the
natural world.
Individual, communities, government and business all important role in protecting the
environment and supporting conservation efforts. Individuals and communities can contribute
to conservation by reducing their impact on the environment and supporting conservation
organization. Governments can support conservation by implementing policies and regulation
that protect the environment, providing funding for conservation efforts, and developing
conservation policies.
Overall, the importance of environmental conservation cannot be overstand, and it’s the
responsibility of all individuals, communities, governments and business to take action to
protect the environment and conservation efforts.
[Link] Technical campus faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Mangement,
Talsande. (Polytechnic Wing) 5
Ineffective Environmental law and policy
Reference-
[Link]
enforcement-first-ever-global-assessment-finds/
[Link]
[Link]
economics/references/03C37F6F3AFCAC461847FDFE470886BA
[Link]
protect-environment-widespread-failure-enforce
[Link] Technical campus faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Mangement,
Talsande. (Polytechnic Wing) 6