Science unit 9
Vocabulary
burning a chemical reaction in which a substance react with oxygen and heat
energy is released
Chemical reaction a change in which new substances are produced
Galvanisation method of protecting iron from rusting by covering it with
a layer of zinc
Neutralization a reaction in which an acid and alkali form a salt and water
Physical change a change in which no new substances are produced;
changes of state and dissolving are examples of physical changes
Precipitate insoluble solid that forms from a reaction in a solution
Word equation shows the chemical that react and are produced in a
chemical reaction
Rusting a chemical reaction in witch iron combines with oxygen in the
presence of water to form iron oxide
Product a new substance made in a reaction
Reactant a substance that you start with in a chemical reaction
Conservation of mass the principle that there is no loss or gain of mass in a chemical
reaction
Reaction with acid
Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid → Magnesium chloride + Hydrogen
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Zinc + Sulfuric acid → Zinc sulfate + Hydrogen
Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2
Calcium carbonate + Hydrochloric acid → Calcium chloride + Water + Carbon dioxide
CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl + H2O + CO2
Copper carbonate + Hydrochloric acid → Copper chloride + Water + Carbon dioxide
CuCO3 + 2HCl → CuCl2 + H2O + CO2
Copper hydroxide + Hydrochloric acid → Copper chloride + Water
Cu(OH)2 + HCl → CuCl + H2O
Chlorine carbonate + nitric acid → Chlorine nitrate + Carbon dioxide + Water
CClO3 + HNO3 → ClNO3 + CO2 + H2O
Iron + sulfur → Iron sulfide
Reactants Products
Buring
Chemical reaction with Oxygen
Ex)
Magnesium + Oxygen → Magnesium oxide
Detecting chemical reaction
A color change
Copper oxide + sulfuric acid → Copper sulfate + Water
Black → Blue
A gas given off
Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid → Magnesium chloride + Hydrogen
Hydrogen gas are given off
Heat is produced
Potassium + Water → Potassium hydroxide + Hydrogen
The reaction produces so much heat that the gas burn
A change in PH
Sodium hydroxide + Hydrochloric acid → Sodium Chloride + Water
This is type of reaction called neutralization reaction
A precipitate is formed
Silver nitrate + Calcium chloride → silver chloride + Calcium nitrate
When insoluble solid is formed
Rusting
Chemical name of rusting is Iron oxide
Prevent rusting
The iron can be painted
This stops the oxygen in the air reaching the iron
The iron can be galvanised
Cover iron with a layer if zinc, again prevents the oxygen reaching the iron