Digital Modulation Schemes
Amplitude Shift keying
◦ Amplitude is varied with frequency & phase constant
Frequency shift keying
◦ Frequency is varied with amplitude & phase constant
Phase shift keying
◦ Phase is varied with frequency & amplitude constant
ASK is a type of modulation where the digital signal is
represented as a change in amplitude.
It is also known as On-Off keying.
This is because the carrier waves switch between 0 and 1
according to the high and low level of the input signal.
In amplitude shift keying, the phase and frequency of the
carrier wave are maintained at a constant level
The carrier generator, sends a continuous high-frequency carrier.
The binary sequence from the message signal makes the unipolar
input to be either High or Low.
The high signal closes the switch, allowing a carrier wave.
Hence, the output will be the carrier signal at high input.
When there is low input, the switch opens, allowing no voltage
to appear.
Hence, the output will be low.
Demodulation is the process of reconstructing the original signal at
the receiver level.
ASK demodulation can be done in two ways. They are,
• Coherent detection (Synchronous demodulation)
• the carrier signal at the receiver stage is in the same phase with
the carrier signal at the transmitter stage
• it means the carrier signal at transmitter and receiver stages are
the same values
• Noncoherent Detection (Asynchronous demodulation)
• the carrier signal at the transmitter side and receiver side are not
in the same phase with each other
The carrier signal at the receiver end is in the same phase and
frequency as the carrier signal in transmitter.
The signal received at the receiver stage is effected with noise
signal.
This, noise can be eliminated after the multiplier stage by the
help of a low pass filter.
Then it is forwarded from the sample and hold circuit for
converting it into discrete signal form.
Then at each interval, the discrete signal voltage is compared
with the reference voltage (Vref) to reconstruct the original
binary signal.