PMT

Mark Scheme (Results)

June 2022

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE

Mathematics A (4MA1)
Paper 2HR
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Summer 2022
Log number 68791
Publications Code 4MA1_2HR_2206_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2022
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General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must

mark the first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the
last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be
rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than
penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according
to their perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme
should be used appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded.
Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the
answer matches the mark scheme.
Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the
candidate’s response is not worthy of credit according to the mark
scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the
principles by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may
be limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark
scheme to a candidate’s response, the team leader must be
consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has
replaced it with an alternative response.

• Types of mark
o M marks: method marks
o A marks: accuracy marks
o B marks: unconditional accuracy marks (independent of M
marks)
• Abbreviations
o cao – correct answer only
o ft – follow through
o isw – ignore subsequent working
o SC - special case
o oe – or equivalent (and appropriate)
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o dep – dependent
o indep – independent
o awrt – answer which rounds to
o eeoo – each error or omission

• No working
If no working is shown then correct answers normally score full
marks
If no working is shown then incorrect (even though nearly correct)
answers score no marks.
• With working
If there is a wrong answer indicated on the answer line always check
the working in the body of the script (and on any diagrams), and
award any marks appropriate from the mark scheme.
If it is clear from the working that the “correct” answer has been
obtained from incorrect working, award 0 marks.
If a candidate misreads a number from the question. Eg. Uses 252
instead of 255; method marks may be awarded provided the
question has not been simplified. Examiners should send any
instance of a suspected misread to review. If there is a choice of
methods shown, mark the method that leads to the answer on the
answer line; where no answer is given on the answer line, award the
lowest mark from the methods shown.
If there is no answer on the answer line then check the working for
an obvious answer.
• Ignoring subsequent work
It is appropriate to ignore subsequent work when the additional
work does not change the answer in a way that is inappropriate for
the question: eg. Incorrect cancelling of a fraction that would
otherwise be correct.
It is not appropriate to ignore subsequent work when the additional
work essentially makes the answer incorrect eg algebra.
Transcription errors occur when candidates present a correct
answer in working, and write it incorrectly on the answer line; mark
the correct answer.
• Parts of questions
Unless allowed by the mark scheme, the marks allocated to one part
of the question CANNOT be awarded to another.
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International GCSE Maths

Apart from Questions 2, 6a, 17, 19, 21, 25 the correct answer, unless clearly obtained by an incorrect method, should be taken to
imply a correct method
Q Working Answer Mark Notes
1 (a) enlargement, enlarge, enlarged Enlargement 3 B1 for enlargement with no mention
of translate, reflect, rotate, move,
flip

scale factor 3, SF 3, ×3, factor of 3, Scale factor 3 B1 for (scale factor =) 3 with no
‘three’ times mention of a vector, line of
symmetry or angle

allow (3, 0) 3, 0 Centre (3, 0) B1 for (centre =) (3, 0)

(b) Triangle drawn at 1 B1 condone missing label

(1, 4) (1, 6) (2, 4)
Total 4 marks
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2 eg 2 × 2 × 300 3 M1 for at least 2 correct stages in prime

2 × 5 × 120 factorisation which give 2 prime factors
2 × 3 × 200 – may be in a factor tree or a table or
3 × 5 × 80 or listed eg 2, 2, 300 (allow no more than
eg one mistake ft (eg one mistake with 2
or prime factors ft 1200 = 20 × 600 =
2 1200 2 × 10 × 3 × 200))
3 600
200

2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 5, 5 2 1200 M1 for finding the correct prime factors

or condone inclusion of 1 (may be seen in a
3 600
fully correct factor tree or ladder)
2 200
5 100
2 20
5 10
2 2
(1)
oe
2 4  3  52 A1 (dep on M2 as working requested)
Can be in any order (allow 24 . 3 . 52) but
must be in index form as asked for.

Total 3 marks
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3 158 + C 3 M1 for method to find Candela’s height

eg = 160 or (C =) 160 + (160 – 158) (= 162) oe
2 or
or C = 162 Candela’s height
or
Candela’s height in the wrong place
on the answer line
eg (D =) 175 – 21 (= 154) oe M1 indep for method to find Diana’s
height
or
Diana’s height
or
Diana’s height in the wrong place
on the answer line
Candela 162 A1 Correctly attributed
Diana 154
If no marks awarded, SCB1 for
Candela’s height 179
Total 3 marks
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4 (a)(i) 9, 15 1 B1 no repeats

(a)(ii) 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, 18, 19 1 B1 no repeats or omissions

(b) No must be ticked along No with a correct reason 1 B1 No with eg 24/it is not in the universal set, 24/it
with a reason for the is not between 9 and 20
award of this mark (need some sort of reference that the numbers in
the sets do not go beyond 20)

(c) 10, 18 and two from 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19 2 B2 for 10, 18 and two from 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19

(B1 a set of 4 numbers of which 3 are correct or

a set of 5 numbers including 10, 18, and no more
than one incorrect number
or a set of 3 or more numbers from {10, 18, 9,
11, 13, 15, 17, 19})

Total 5 marks
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5 36 (= 6) or 6 or 6 × 6 4 M1 for method to find the length of

the square – may be seen in later
working

eg M1 for method to find the area of one

2
 [their 6]  9 semicircle or circle or the
    2(= 14.1... or 4.5 or  ) incorrect number of semicircles or
 2  2
circles provided correct area of
2
 [their 6]  circle formula is seen
or     (= 28.2... or 9 )
 2  for [their 6] allow any value if
there is a clear implication this is
their side length of square.
eg 4 × “14.1” (= 56.5... or 18π) M1 ft dep on previous M1
or 2 × “28.2” (= 56.5... or 18π) for a complete method to find the
total area of the semicircles
[if the pupil multiplies again and
uses the incorrect number of
circles or semicircles this mark is
not awarded]

92.5 A1 accept 92.4 – 92.6

(not in terms of  )
Total 4 marks
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6 (a) 3p 5 3 M1 for a correct first step – multiplying both sides by 10

eg 10p = 3p – 5 or p = − oe
10 10 correctly or writing the RHS as 2 terms each over 10 or
eg p = 0.3p – 0.5 each term as a decimal [must be in a correct equation]
eg 10p – 3p = –5 or 7p = –5 M1ft (ft a 3 term equation)
3p 5 for collecting terms in p on one side and number the
or p − =− or 0.7p = ‒0.5 other
10 10

5 A1 (dep on at least M1)

−
7 5
for − oe, accept −0.71(4...)
7
5
allow ‒0.7 if you have seen − or ‒5 ÷ 7
7
(b) 1 1 B1
(c) y2 2 B2 y2 0.5y 2 2 −1 y 2 x −1 1
for oe eg , 0.5y x , , oe
2x 2x x 2 2xy −2

If not B2, award B1 for 2 of number, x, y correct eg

ky 2 1
where k  or
x 2
2
y
where m  1 or
2 xm
0.5y2 or
yp
where p  2 ) oe
2x
[one term can be missing with 2 correct for B1]
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(d) 5cd 2 (2c 2 + 3d 2 ) 2 B2 for 5cd 2 (2c 2 + 3d 2 )

B1 for a correct partial factorisation eg 5(2c3d 2 + 3cd 4 )

or cd 2 (10c2 + 15d 2 ) or 5d 2 (2c3 + 3cd 2 ) or
5c(2c2 d 2 + 3d 4 ) 5cd(2c²d + 3d³) etc
or 5cd²(a 2 term expression with just one error)
Total 8 marks

7 2 M1 for writing 4 n as ( 22 ) or 22 n or
n
(4n =)(22 )n or
(4n =)22n oe eg 2k  22 n = 2 x for writing each term in terms of 4 ie
or 1
k
1
x
2 =4
k 2 and 2 = 4
x 2

1
k
1
k
1
x 4 2 1
x If these things are seen in working, award
2 =4
k 2
and 2 = 4
x 2
oe eg n = 4 2 this mark even if followed by incorrect
4
working – if not a choice of methods

k – 2n A1 allow 2k −2 n

Total 2 marks
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8 1 + 0.12 (= 1.12) oe or 3 M1

100(%) + 12(%) (=112(%)) or

18.20 13
(= = 0.1625) or
112 80

x + 0.12x = 18.2(0) or x 1.12 =18.2(0)

eg 18.2(0) ÷ “(1 + 0.12)” oe or M1 for a complete method

18.2(0)
 100 oe
"112"

16.25 A1

Total 3 marks
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9 (a) 8 800 000 1 B1

(b) Barcelona 1 B1 accept 5.5 × 106

(c) 3.7 × 107 – 7.7 × 106 or 29 300 000 oe 2 M1 allow 2.9(3) × 10n (n ≠ 7)

or 37 000 000 – 7 700 000

or 29 000 000 oe

or 0.29(3) × 108

or 29(.3) × 106

2.9 × 107 A1 accept ‒2.9 × 107

accept 2.93 × 107 or ‒2.93 × 107
Total 4 marks
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10 2 5 M1 for setting up a trig equation for

eg tan BAP = or
5 angle BAP
2 sin BAP sin 90
sin BAP = or =
2
5 +2 2 2 52 + 22
5 52 + ( 52 + 2 2 ) 2 − 2 2
cos BAP = or cos BAP =
52 + 22 2  5  29
2 M1 for a complete method to find
eg ( BAP =) tan −1   (= 21.8...) or angle BAP (= 21.8….)
5
5
 2  −1  2sin 90 
[M2 for 90 ‒ tan −1 ie 90 ‒ 68.2]
( BAP =)sin −1   or ( BAP =)sin  2 2  2
2 2
 5 +2   5 +2 
 5   52 + ( 52 + 2 2 ) 2 − 2 2 
( BAP =) cos −1   or BAP = cos −1  
2
 5 +2 
2  2  5  52 + 2 2 
 
eg (int angle =) (6 − 2) 180  6(= 120) M1 Indep for a method to find the
or (ext angle =) 360  6(= 60) size of one interior or one
exterior angle in a regular
hexagon – could be seen on
diagram
eg “120” – “21.8” or 180 – “60” – “21.8” M1 for a complete method to find
angle PAF where all values have
come from a correct method
98.2 A1 accept 98.1 – 98.3
Total 5 marks
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11 (a) If a graph is ascending you can ft for the Correct cf 2 B2 (use overlay) Fully correct cf graph – points at
marks in parts (b), (c) an (d) – method graph ends of intervals and joined with curve or line
should be shown by way of marks on the segments.
axes for all but the median in part (b) B1 for for 6 or 7 points plotted correctly at ends of
intervals not joined OR for 6 or 7 points from table
plotted consistently within each interval (eg at
lower bound of interval or midpoint of interval) at
their correct heights and joined with smooth curve
or line segments.
ignore the curve < age 20
(b) 26 – 28 1 B1ft If out of range ft their graph
(c) e.g. readings at 15 and 45 from the vertical 2 M1ft For use of 15 and 45, or 15.25 and 45.75
axis (eg reading of 21 and 46 stated or indicated by
eg LQ = 19 – 21 marks on horizontal axis that correspond to 15 (or
eg UQ = 45 - 47 15.25) and 45 (or 45.75) on the vertical axis or
correct readings ft their cf graph provided method
(the reading at 45 is 45/46 so be careful to show readings is shown)
with the award of this mark)
24 - 28 A1ft Any value in range (if out of range ft their cf graph
reading across at 15 and 45 oe but method must be
shown)
(d) eg reading of 49 or 50 from cf axis 2 M1ft For correct reading at 55 eg 50 (ft from incorrect
graph if method shown (lines up and across))
must be a whole number 10 or 11 A1ft If out of range ft their cf curve if method shown
Total 7 marks
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12 1 3 M1 for finding the scale factor or

eg 6 ÷ 1.2 (= 5) or 1.2 ÷ 6 (= ) or
5 using a correct ratio or fraction
2x 2x + 9 2x 1.2 method
= oe or = oe
1.2 6 2x + 9 6
eg “5” × 2x = 2x + 9 or M1 for setting up an equation in x and
removing denominators
2 x  6 =1.2(2 x + 9) oe eg12 x = 2.4 x + 10.8 or
9.6x = 10.8 oe
9 A1 oe eg 1.125 (allow 1.12 or 1.13)
8
Total 3 marks

13 52 3 M1 for finding the whole

eg 2    5.2 (= 32.6...or  ) oe
5 circumference or the arc length

67 871
 2    5.2(= 6.08...or  ) oe
360 450
67 M1 for a complete method
 2    5.2 + 2  5.2 oe
360
16.5 A1 accept 16.4 - 16.5
(not in terms of  )
Total 3 marks
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14 1  1
4
 3 M1 for finding the probability of one
eg    = or 0.0625  or correct combination
 2   16  eg calculation for
4
1  4 1  oooo or eeee
4   = or or 0.25  or
 2   16 4  or 4 × eooo or 4 × eeeo
4 or 6 × eeoo
1  6 3 
6   = or or 0.375  oe
 2   16 8 
1
4
1
4
1
4 4
1 1
4 M1 for a complete method
eg 1 −   or 4   + 6   + 4   +  
2 2 2 2 2
or

(e + oe + ooe + oooe )
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
+  +   +   
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
 1 1 1 1
= + + +  oe
 2 4 8 16 
15 A1 oe eg 0.9375
16 (allow 0.937 or 0.938)
Total 3 marks
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15 1 3 M1 for the area of half of the kite

 6 11 sin118(= 29.1...)
2
1 M1 for a complete method
eg 2   6 11 sin118
2

58.3 A1 accept 58.2 – 58.3

Total 3 marks

16 C, F, D, H 3 B3 for all 4 correct

(B2 for 2 or 3 correct)
(B1 for 1 correct)

Total 3 marks
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17 eg x = 0.34545.... and 100x = 34.545.... 2 M1 for 2 recurring decimals (they must identify
with intention to subtract or show the pair they are using) that when
OR subtracted give a whole number or
10x = 3.4545.... and 1000x = 345.45.... terminating decimal eg 100x = 34.545.... and
with intention to subtract x = 0.34545.... OR 1000x = 345.45.... and
10x = 3.4545.... with intention to subtract. (If
Must include algebra as the question asked for recurring dots not shown then showing at
‘using algebra’ least the digits 34545, i.e. 5sf for one of the
numbers that they are using)
OR
0.3 + 0.0454545…. and
Eg 10x = 0.454545… and 1000x = 45.4545..

eg 100x – x = 34.545.... – 0.34545.... and shown A1 19

for completion to
34.2 19 55
99x = 34.2 and = oe
99 55
OR 1000x – 10x = 345.45.... – 3.4545.... and
342 19
990x = 342 and = oe
990 55
OR 0.3 +… and (1000x ‒100x = 990x = 45)
45 3  99 + 45 19
and 0.3 + = = oe
990 990 55

Total 2 marks
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18 77.5 or 82.5 or 2.65 or 2.75 4 B1 For a UB or LB for one of the distances or times in hours or in
or 32.5 or 33.5 or 0.95 or 1.05 minutes
or
77500 or 82500 or 159 or 165 or
32500 or 33500 or 57 or 63

eg 82.5 ÷ 2.65 (= 31.13...) M1 for a method to find the upper bound of Kaidan’s average speed
eg UBK  LBK where 80  UBK  82.5 and 2.65  LBK  2.7
or or
use of m/min to find upper bound for Kaidan’s average speed
82500 ÷ 159 (= 518.867...)
eg UBK  LBK where 80000  UBK  82500 and 159  LBK  162
or
km/min or m/h can use km/min or m/h
eg 32.5 ÷ 1.05 (= 30.95...) M1 indep for a method to find the lower bound of Sonja’s average
speed
or eg LBS  UBS where 32.5  LBS  33 and 1  UBS  1.05
or
32500 ÷ 63 (= 515.873…...) use of m/min to find lower bound for Sonja’s average speed
or
LBS  UBS where 32500  LBS  33000 and 60  UBS  63
km/min or m/h
can use km/min or m/h
UB K = 31132…..m/h Shown A1 shown with accurate figures in the same units – sufficient figures
LB S = 30952……m/h for comparison (can be truncated) but must be from correct
UB K = 0.51886….km/min working and UB for Kaiden and LB for Sonja selected
LB S = 0.51587…km/min eg UB Kaidan = 31.13... (km/h) and LB Sonja = 30.95...( km/h)
or
UB Kaidan = 518.867...(m/min) and LB Sonja = 515.873...( m/min)
(dep on correct method)
Total 4 marks
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19 eg ( fg( x) = )( 2 x + 1) − 4
2
4 M1 for finding fg(x)

eg 4 x 2 + 4 x − 3 ( 0) or 4 x2 + 4 x − 3(= 0) M1 For a correct expansion and fg(x)

written as a 3 term quadratic
or ( 2 x + 1)  4 or ( 2 x + 1) = 4
2 2
or
a start to write quadratic in correct
form for completing square
3 1 A1 for finding the two correct critical
− oe (and) oe
2 2 values (dep on previous M1) (values
seen with any signs between)
3 1 A1 two fully correct inequalities, oe (dep
x− , x
2 2 on 2nd M1)
Total 4 marks
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20 eg (x =) 4 – (6 – 4) (= 2) 4 M1 for a method to find the coordinates of P

(y =) 7 – (11 – 7) (= 3) (accept coordinates of P informally eg
or (2, 3) separately or as a vector)

11 − 7 11 − [3] M1 (indep if using coordinates of A & O)

eg (= 2) or (= 2) oe
6−4 6 − [2] for a method to find the gradient of AOP
[3] − 7 (can use their coordinates of P)
or (= 2) oe
[2] − 4
eg −1 ÷ [2] (= −0.5) oe M1ft for a method to find the gradient of the
tangent
ft their stated gradient of AOP (or OA or
OP) (could be embedded)

y − 3 = −0.5( x − 2) A1 1
oe eg y =− x+4
2

Total 4 marks
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21 (3 + 2 y)2 − y 2 + 2(3 + 2 y) = 10  x −3

2 5 M1 for using correct substitution of a
2
x −  + 2 x = 10 linear equation into the quadratic – all
 2  terms shown correctly
eg 3 y 2 + 16 y + 5 ( = 0 ) eg 3x 2 + 14 x − 49 ( = 0 ) A1 for a correct 3 term quadratic
3x 2 + 14 x = 49
eg (3 y + 1)( y + 5)(= 0) eg (3x − 7)( x + 7)(= 0) M1 dep on M1 method to solve their 3
2 term quadratic using any correct
−16  16 − 4  3  5 −14  142 − 4  3  (−49)
or or or or method (allow one sign error and
23 23 some simplification – allow as far as
 7 7 
2 2
−16  256 − 60
 8 8 
2 2 3  x +  −    − 49 = 0 eg or
3  y +  −    + 5 = 0  3   3   6
 3   3   −14  196 + 588
or if factorising
1 7 6
(should give ( y =) − , − 5) (should give ( x =) , − 7 )
3 3 allow brackets which expanded give 2
out of 3 terms correct)
or correct values for x or correct
values for y
eg x = 3 + 2 ×‒5 and 7 M1ft dep on previous M1 for substituting
1 eg − 2 y = 3 their 2 found values of x or y in a
x = 3 + 2 ×‒ 3
3 −7 − 2  y = 3 suitable equation
(use 2dp or better for substitution)
or fully correct values for the other
variable (correct labels for x / y)
7 1 A1 dep on M1 (allow coordinates)
x= ,y= −
3 3 must be paired correctly
x = −7, y = −5 allow x = −7, y = −5
x = 2.33(3…), y = ‒0.33(3…)
Total 5 marks
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22 (a)(i) (−3, −1) 1 B1

(ii) (−6, 2) 1 B1
(b) ( p + c, − q ) 2 B2 for ( p + c, −q)

(B1 for p + c or −q in the correct

place)
Total 4 marks
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23 20 2( x + 6) 20 2( x + 6) 3 M1 for writing the first two fractions with a

eg − 2 oe or − oe common denominator (may be a single
2
x − 36 x − 36 ( x − 6)( x + 6) ( x − 6)( x + 6)
denominator) or multiplying both
or
1
20( x − 6) 2( x + 6)( x − 6) fractions by and writing over a
2
− 2 or 4− x
( x − 36)( x − 6) ( x − 36)( x − 6)
common denominator
20 − 2( x + 6)
oe
( x 2 − 36)(4 − x)

8 − 2x 1 8 − 2x 1 M1 for simplifying first 2 fractions to a single

eg  or  or fraction and expanding and simplifying
2
x − 36 4 − x ( x − 6)( x + 6) 4 − x
numerator – must be correct, and showing
20 x − 2 x 2 − 48 1 1
2
 oe intention to multiply by
( x − 36)( x − 6) 4 − x 4− x
8 − 2x or
oe
2
( x − 36)(4 − x) expanding the numerator of the full
solution and writing as a single fraction
2 A1 2
2 oe eg
x − 36 ( x − 6)( x + 6)

Total 3 marks
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24 4 3 2 6 M1 for finding the volume of

eg  r  2(=  r 3 ) oe hemisphere
3 3

1 1 1 M1 for finding the volume of the

eg  (kr ) 2 kh −  r 2 h(=  r 2 h(k 3 − 1)) oe frustum
3 3 3

1 2 3 2 1 2 2 M1 for a correct expression for the

eg  r h(k − 1) +  r 3 or  r h +  r 3 oe
3 3 3 3 volume of Solid A or Solid B

1 2 3 2 1 2  M1 for a correct equation using the

eg  r h(k − 1) +  r 3 = 6   r 2 h +  r 3  oe volumes of Solid A and Solid B
3 3 3 3 
(  could be cancelled out)
eg h(k 3 − 1) − 6h = 12r − 2r oe M1 for simplifying to a point where
the h terms are on one side
of an equation and other terms the
other side – must be correct
NB: note that simplest form was not required 10r A1 2
4r − r
k3 − 7 oe eg 3
1 3 1
k −2
3 3
Total 6 marks
 PMT

25 eg AK =  a eg AK = 12  a SEE NEXT 5 M1 for correctly using the ratio to form an

PAGE expression for a vector passing through K
KB = (1 −  )a KB = (1 − 12  )a FOR or L could be in terms of  or 
CL = − a CL = −2 a MISREAD
AK or KA , KB or BK , CL or LC ,
DL = (1 −  )a DL = (1 − 2 )a DL or LD (may be seen as part of
another expression)
eg KL = − a + b + (1 −  )a or eg KL = b + (1 − 32  )a or M1 for finding an expression in  and/or 
= (1 −  −  )a + b KL = b + (1 − 3 )a for one of KL (or LK ), LM (or ML ),
LM = (  − 1)a + 0.5b KM (or MK )
LM = (2 − 1)a + 12 b or
[If this mark is awarded it assumes the
KM = −a + b + 0.5b ( = −a + 1.5b ) KM = −a + 32 b or first M1]
Two of the above – may have used 2 =  to write all in one of  or  M1 for finding an expression in  or  for
May be simplified or not – so may have brackets or not two of the following: KL (or LK ), LM
(or ML ), or KM (or MK )
eg using KM = − a + 1.5b and LM = (2 − 1)a + 12 b 3 A1 dep on M2 for one value correct or both
= or
values but written the wrong way round
− x 1.5 x 3 7
LM = xKM gives =  3.5 = 1.5   = oe 6 3 6
2 − 1 0.5 7 = ( =  = )
7 7 7
3 A1 dep on M2 for both values
= &
7
6
=
7
Total 5 marks
 PMT

25    eg M1 For using the ratio to form an expression

eg AK =  a    1      MISREAD for a vector passing through K or L could
  +1  a = 
AK =  1 a
2
AK : KB =  :1 be in terms of  or 
 1   2  +1     +2 
KB =  a and AK or KA , KB or BK , CL or LC ,
  +1   1    2  
 − 
KB =  1 a =  a CL : LD =  :1 DL or LD
2  + 1     + 2  
CL =  a (may be seen as part of another
 1+    −2 
CL =  a expression)
 1 
DL =  a  1 + 2 
 1+    1 
DL =  a
 1 + 2 
eg M1 for finding an expression in  and/or 
 −   1   −1   1  using the above misread for one of KL
eg KL =  a + b +   a or KL =  1 2  a + b +  a
  +1   1+    2  +1   1+   (or LK ), LM (or ML ), KM (or MK )
 −1  [If this mark is awarded it assumes the
LM =   a + 2 b or
1
 −1  first M1]
LM =   a + 0.5b  1 + 2 
 1+  
 −   −1 
KM =   a + 2 b oe
3

 1 +   KM =  1 2  a + 32 b oe
 2  +1 
Two of the above – may have used 2 =  to write all in one of  or  M1 for finding an expression in  or  for
May be simplified or not – so may have brackets or not two of KL (or LK ), LM (or ML ), KM
(or MK )
(Giving answers of  = 0.5(1 + 7),  = 1 + 7 ) A MAXIMUM OF 3 MARKS CAN BE
AWARDED FOR THIS MISREAD
 PMT

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