Resources and Development
Jttne"1io - CB~ •L
,tp c:.a.d&~e$ P&ob\e'mS
[Link].l Sac.i O - eco
°' V
ho't'n lC d..f.V eJ.,o Pm
--P~cL ~~etd.c.c. ~l - io [Link]'
st
nt ·n o2l CE
1 ta
CPmbu.t enu 1~ o'l'[Link]. [Link]
'
Ct& th&o~~ 8-lObCil, Co()DP:+tt..'..t-r
PLCtnn\~ -
nee ih di&Un b1d1 Cf'r'> CJJ-
u,, eCc. .J.l lt..B W\ c.c~ u.. P.
[Link]. in ,ne~ t1&cd
h 5 ,ssue [Link] I<.
PLQ11ll J'3 111 Inc/J
[Link] h
N) ~ Qnd. q
\J
f' p
Ced. \J lS ~et'({
J
S~ oQcll-M-f
-~ f't~et fht:. OJJ()j1(J) rl!,
f llestH,[Link] P~P1e. [Link]
"1\01 8et ~WC.. Ob\t~
~ .I • ,
-~ • 'I •• ~
I
•
..
•• •
T~Pes ct- ; ,.
1 Fo8Je6t
-l>Cwti\[Link] [Link] - ruet cSown Ct9zeCt.
c3) F"[Link].l [Link],.,,J., [ c~~ent. ~Ci..LL/,1,J LCnicl.
>oth<:~ ~n, ~cnt fc.c.J.h~ Land
othe&. \t1lCtuti~ lhnd
)
4}
t Pe~cnt fbstl.O)e. r LC(t\cf. to;h o.nirnGL7
>Ctu1~te WtlSte
L S-'ietz,1
IA,J,.
_/
ua,e ~
5 l..Crtid. 'h6t CUb.i
t)~ C'[Link]
~~eri l GJciste I..CnvL
) LCntcl tmd eh.. luO N - 0,$8\[Link].'ll"1ul Uf:e
~- ~ nd llcSt~ I R.6CA ti.!. I MJ..iJ,d; ~
Land use Pattern in India
~u.~t)
LC.t'nd. u&e c:J.t,,pe~ Oh·-
1) PJ,ijSicc..L ToP°'381C&.f~ [ T~Pe
) C~mc.:te.
c.?J- [Link]\d.~ f"'~tlit.]
-2) H\.f1rt.m /!CJ.c~~ •·g)St>iL
f>[Link]:i<m ~6itJ
7ea,tno"4,ic'1.. Cc../t&.lhics
)C~Cttld.~ lmt.
.... _...,....... _...,........
_
....,_
....... .................. ......
----------
-
Land Degradati on and Conserva tion Measures
I Solution
Control m1n1ng nct1v1ty
Use of sustmnt1bh_, 1rngat1on pr,1d1st'~ likl' drip
1rn9at1on ,1nd
--- - -- -- -------
G".-, .t •••••t'Wn H•cll'I~" Afforestation and proper management of
lll'f....-.tl .... twit.~t•• ;,r,1 t- •~
grazmg
•-•l•• of Ne,,\~" lni,,,,
i - ------- -- ---
proper discharge and disposal of mdl1stnal
effluent and waste after treatment can reduce
land and water degradation 111 mdustnal .,nd
suburban area
Other sofuuons for Land Degradahon
1. Planlmg of sheller belts on plants control on overgrazmg
2. Stabihsalton of sanddunes by growing thorny bushes can help check land degradation m and areas
J_ Proper management of waste land
Soil as Resource s
soll 1s the most important renewable resource
1t 1s e medium of plant growth and support different typ s of I ving organi m on
earth
1t takes million of years lo form soil up to a few centimetre in depth
rehef. parent rock, climate vegetation and other form of life and tim a
factor in the formation of soil
Various natural forces hke changing temperature action of runn ng w
glacters, activ1t1es of decomposers etc contribute 1n the formation of I
Soil Horizons
I
Classification of Soil ,
I
Alluvial Soil :
Entire northern plain is made up of alluvial soil
Alluvial soil is deposited by lndus,Ganga and Brahmaputra river
s01I also extend up to Gujarat and Rajasthan through narrow corndor
on the basis of age, alluvial soil is classified into Bangar and Khadar
Bhangar is old alluvial soil, which have higher concentration of Kanker nodules
Khadar 1s new alluvial soil, which have more fine particles and more fertile than
Bhangar
due to its h"gh fertility, region of alluvial soil is intensely cultivated and densely
populated
Black Soil
Black soil is known as Regur soil
ideal for growing cotton
present in D n Plateau and made up of lava flow
known for their capacity to hold moisture
have &e1f gtoughin..9 caP-acity
Red Soil
Red soil, develop on crystalline igneous rock in re of
found in eastern and Southern part of Deccan pint au
develop reddish colour due to a
turns lo when it comes m a
Laterite Soil
Laterite has been denved from latin word later with means Bnck
1t 1s the result of i9'■ -tn hi ■ $ $ I
laterite s0111s acidic m nature
generally •' t 1I t
techniques we can grow
Arid Soil
Arid soll ranges
s nd texture and
■att I Ma
Forest Soil
h ndm o
lie de a d co
nd are ac d
Sotl T••t..,,•
Soil erosion and soil conservation
Denudation of soil cover in subsequent washing down 1s descnbe a
soil erosion
process of soil formation and soil erosion, go hand-in-hand
sometimes this balance is disturbed by human activity hke
deforestation,over grazing , construction and m,nmg
Agents of soil erosion :- Water and wind
running water cut the land and create gullies and bad land
topography
soil erosion is also caused due to defective method of farming
Solutions
Contour Ploughing - allowing along the
decelerate the flow of water
Terrace cultivation - stapa
Terrace cultivation to 1'111111111111
shelterbelts-plant lng