Earth Science 11

Earth Science – Grade 11

Quarter 2 – Module 10: Ocean Basin
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Emily Ancheta

Editor: Ronald C. Dumapias
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Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
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Earth Science 11
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 10
Ocean Basin
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Earth Science Self-Learning Module 10 on Ocean Basin

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Earth Science Self-Learning Module 10 on Ocean Basin

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

The module is about the structure and evolution of ocean basins.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Define ocean basin
2. Cite examples of ocean basin and describe each
3. Identify the various methods of measuring ocean depths
4. Describe the different features of ocean basin.

PRETEST

Read the questions and encircle the letters of the correct answers.

1. What do you call the boundary between the continental slope and shelf?
a. Ocean floor c. Continental slope
b. Continental crust d. Continental break

2. A relatively shallow gently sloping part of the continental crust that borders
the continent. It has a depth of 130m with a maximum width of about 1300
km.
a. Continental rise c. Continental shelf
b. Continental slope d. Continental break

3. It links the deep ocean basin floor to the continental slope.

a. Continental break c. Continental shelf
b. Continental slope d. Continental rise

4. What is formed at the base of the continental rise about 4000 to 6000 meters
deep?
a. Sea c. Ocean floor
b. Ocean d. Ocean basin

5. It leads to deep water and represents the true edge of the continent and
extends downward to a depth of about 4km.
a. Continental break c. Continental shelf
b. Continental slope d. Continental rise
 RECAP

Pick the word/s in the box below to complete the meaning of sea-floor
spreading.

Mid -ocean ridge New Crust

Subduction zone Old crust

Molten/basaltic magma Convergent

Divergent Volcanic eruption

Upward Downward

Sea-floor spreading occurs at a (1) plate boundary. When tectonic plates

separate, (2) rises up and cools down into rock forming (3) . New crust
is formed at the (4) , elsewhere on earth, the (5) is being destroyed at
the same rate it is created. This (6) will go on the region which is the (7)
zone and plunged into a high (8) and pressure environment.
Materials melt and the migrate (9) giving rise to (10) .

LESSON

Ocean basins are regions that are below sea level. About 70% of these areas
hold the planet’s water. Ocean basins can be identified as active or inactive. If
active, there are a lot of new structures being created and shaped, or they can be
inactive, where their surface is slow to change and does little more than collect
sediment.

There are different examples of ocean basins. One of these is the Pacific Ocean
which is considered as the largest and has the greatest depth. The Atlantic Ocean
which is about half the size of the Pacific not quite as deep. Another is the Indian
Ocean which is slightly smaller than the Atlantic largely a Southern Hemisphere
(water Hemisphere) and lastly, the Arctic Ocean about 7% of the size of the Pacific.
 Figure 1: Shows the oceans of the Earth

Figure 2. Feature of ocean basin

Bathymetry- measurements of ocean depths and the charting of the shape or

topography of the ocean floor.

Various Methods of Measuring Ocean Depths

 a. Sounding line- weighted rope lowered overboard until it touched the ocean
bottom; this old method is time-consuming and inaccurate.
b. Echo sounding- a type of SONAR that measures depth by emitting a burst of
high-frequency sound and listening for the echo from the seafloor. Sound is
emitted from the source on the ship and the returning echo is detected by a
receiver on the ship. Deeper water means a longer time for the echo to return
to the receiver.
c. Satellite Altimetry- profiles the shape of the sea surface by measuring the
travel time of a radar pulse from the satellite to the ocean surface and back to
the satellite receiver. The shape of the sea surface approximates the shape of
the seafloor.

Features of the Ocean

A. Continental margin- the submerged outer edge of the continent where

continental crust transitions into oceanic crust.

• Passive or Atlantic type features a wide, gently sloping continental

shelf (50-200m depth), a steeper continental slope (3000-4000m depth),
and a flatter continental rise. They are also known as aseismic or passive
margins because they have relatively little earthquake activity. It developed
when continents are drifted apart and form a new ocean. The continent
and adjacent ocean floor are part of the same plate. Areas of continental
crust may become completely isolated due to rifting and form
microcontinents.

• Active or Pacific type – characterized by narrow shelf and slope that

descends into a trench or trough. Also known as seismic or active margins
because they are seismically very active, forming where an oceanic plate is
being consumed beneath a continent plate at a subduction zone.
B. Abyssal plains and abyssal hills- abyssal plain is extremely flat sediment
covered stretches of the ocean floor, interrupted by occasional volcanoes,
mostly extinct, called seamounts. Abyssal hills are elongate hills, typically
50-300m high and common on the slopes of the mid-oceanic ridge.

C. Mid-ocean ridges – a submarine mountain chain that winds for more

than 65,000 km around the globe. It has a central rift valley and rugged
topography on its flanks. Mid-ocean ridges are cut and offset at many places
by transform faults. The trace of a transform fault may extend away from
either side of the ridge as a fracture zone which is older and seismically
inactive.
D. Deep-ocean trenches- narrow, elongated depressions on the sea-floor
many of which are adjacent to arcs of the island with active volcanoes;
deepest features of the seafloor.
E. Seamounts and volcanic islands – submerged volcanoes are called
seamounts while those that rise above the ocean surface are called volcanic
islands. These features may be isolated or found in clusters orchains.
 ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1. Different Ocean Basin

I. Objectives: Locate or identify the different continents and ocean basins of the
world.
II. Materials:

Pseudo cylindrical map

Crayon/colored pencil or pen

III. Procedure:
Label and color the different ocean basins of the Earth.

Figure 3: Pseudo cylindrical map of the Earth

 II. Guide Questions:

A. Identify the names of oceans and continents of the following symbols or

signs.
1. 7. 13.
2. 8. 14.
3. 9.
4. 10.
5. 11.
6. 12.

B. Which of the followings symbols are considered as continents of the world?

How about the ocean basins?

III. Conclusion:

ACTIVITY 2 Features of the Ocean

I. Objective: Identify the features of the ocean.

II. Material/s: Illustration of the ocean

III. Procedures:

1. Look and study the picture of the ocean basin.

2. Identify the features of the ocean basin by looking on the choices below.

CHOICES:
Continental rise continental slope abyssal plain trench
Volcanic island volcanic island coral reef Continental shelf
3. Write your answers on the numbers provided for.

IV. Guide questions:

1. What are the different features of the ocean basin? Describe each.

V. Conclusion:

ACTIVITY 3What Am I?

What Am I? What am I? I have 2 words with 10 letters. I am in charge of this

lesson.

Direction. For you to answer what I am, you need to answer the 10 questions and
highlight the first letter of the word and you will answer what I am.

1. A body of water that composes much of a planet's hydrosphere.

2. The central or innermost portion of the Earth, lying below the mantle and
probably consisting of iron and nickel.
3. Type of SONAR that measures depth by emitting a burst of high- frequency
sound and listening for the echo from the sea floor.
4. An extremely flat sediment covered stretches of the ocean floor.
5. A kind of crust that is formed at the mid-oceanic ridge.
6. Measurements of ocean depths and the charting of the shape or topography of
the ocean floor.
7 Half size of the Pacific not quite as deep.
8. Profiles the shape of the sea surface by measuring the travel time of a radar
pulse from the satellite to the ocean surface and back to the satellite receiver.
9. Slightly smaller than the Atlantic largely a Southern Hemisphere (water
Hemisphere)
10. An element that makes up 78% of the atmosphere.

WRAP-UP

Encircle the letter of the correct answer:

1. Flat sediment that result in the spreading of the sea floor (plate tectonics) and
the melting of the lower oceanic crust.
a. seamounts c. abyssal plain
b. ocean basin d. continental slope

2. It is a type of SONAR which measures depth by emitting a burst of high-

frequency sound and listening for the echo from the sound floor
a. Echo sounding c. Satellite Altimetry
b. Sounding line d. none of the above
3. Which of the methods below is used to lower the weighted rope overboard until it
touches the ocean bottom and this is also considered as time-consuming and
inaccurate?
a. Echo sounding c. Satellite Altimetry
b. Sounding line d. none of the above

4. In what way can oceans provide food for humans?

a. provides for marine plants and animals
b. release energy for land plants and animals
c. provide water for the land animals and plants
d. serves as habitat for marine plants and animals

5. It is the submerged volcanoes.

a. Seamounts c. Volcanic islands
b. Abyssal plain d. Continental rise

VALUING
As we all know, the ocean basin has different features. One of the
parts of the continental margin is the continental shelf which contains mineral
deposits, petroleum, and gas. Because of those resources, our West Philippine Sea
is being occupied by the Chinese government and they are claiming that it is their
territory. What can you say about this issue?
 POST TEST

Choose the best answers and encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which ocean is considered as the largest and has the greatest depth?
a. Arctic Ocean c. Pacific Ocean
b. Indian Ocean d. Atlantic Ocean

2. What kind of continental margin that has little earthquake activity and it is
also known as an aseismic margin?
a. Active c. None of the above
b. Passive d. Active and Passive margin

3. Slightly smaller than Atlantic Ocean, largely a Southern Hemisphere body.

a. Arctic Ocean c. Pacific Ocean
b. Indian Ocean d. Atlantic Ocean

4. Which among the following is considered the deepest feature of the ocean
floor?
a. Mid oceanic ridge c. Abyssal plains or abyssal hills
b. Deep ocean trenches d. Sea mounts or volcanic islands

5. What characteristics of the abyssal plain is mostly correct?

a. a vast, thin sediment covered areas of deep ocean floor
b. a vast, flat sediment covered areas of the shallow ocean floor.
c. a vast, flat sediment covered areas of the deep ocean floor.
d. none of the above
 References

Books/E-Books
Brown, J., The Ocean Basin: Their Structure and Evolution , Open University,
[Link]
structure+and+evolution&oq=

Licuanan ,P.V.,Teaching Guide for Senior High School, Published by the

Commission on Higher Education,2016

Religioso, T.F & Vengco, L.G. You and the Natural World Earth and Life Science
Quezon City, Philippines., Phoenix Publishing House, Inc. (2016)
Tarbuck, E. J& Lutgens , D. K. Prentice Hall Earth Science (2009)
[Link]

[Link]
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oq=abyssal+plain&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l5.7261j1j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
[Link]
[Link]
the-west-philippine-sea
[Link]
[Link] [Link]
q=core&oq=core&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l5.3137j
0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8